Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 62

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Chlorosis is:

A
yellowing of leaves due to the absence of chlorophyll

B
yellowing of leaves due to low chlorophyll contents

C
greening of leaves due to high contents of chlorophyll

D
yellowing of leaves due to high contents of nitrogen

Solution

Chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green colour of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. Soil treatment is best done in early spring through mid-May. Mildly chlorotic trees can be fertilized with a nitrogen or nitrogen- and sulfur-based fertilizer. This will provide some acidity for the treatments below. Incorporate chelated iron (found in garden centres under various names) into the top two inches of soil.
So, the correct option is, 'yellowing of leaves due to low chlorophyll contents'.
Question 2
1 / -0

A cell can carry out its constant and intensive metabolic activities with relatively small amounts of such vital components as ATP, $$NAD^+$$ , coenzyme A, etc. because it can

A
rapidly recycle these compounds

B
bypass reactions that require these compounds

C
incur an oxygen debt until these compounds become available

D
utilize substitute molecules in place of these compounds
Solution
- ATP as we know is the energy currency of a cell; the phosphate bond that is present in the ATP when broken releases large amount of energy which can be used by the cell.
- After the ATP molecule has released energy it will give break down to ADP and P which will be released in the cytoplasm or the matrix of organelles where it is used.
- These ADP and P are used as subtrates when the ATP is to be generated again by the cell by the reactions such as glycolysis, kerb cycle, chemiosmotic phosphorylation.
- NAD is an electron acceptor that accepts electrons that are released from the glycolysis reaction and also during the kerb cycle.
- After they have accepted the electron they transfer the electron to the electron transfer chain that are transported through various complexs in the chain and produce energy.
- The NADH is transformed to NAD again and is ready to be used again.
- CoA that is used for the formation of acetyl CoA from the pyruvate is also regenerated in the kerb cycle and released in the cytoplasm so that it can again be used to decarboxylate pyruvic acid and used for the oxidation of fatty acid.
- Therefore even if small amount of these componets are present in the cell the cell can carry out its metabolic activities as these components after being used are regenerated again and ready to be used o no hinderance occurs in the pathway of metabolism.
- Therefore the answer 'rapidly recycle these compounds' is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

During photorespiration which compounds are formed having 2C anc 3C respectively in peroxisome?

A
Glycolate and glycine

B
Glycine and glycerate

C
Serine and glycine

D
Phosphoglycerate and glycolate

Solution

Photorespiration is also called as oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle. It is a process in which RuBisCO enzyme oxygenates RuBP. This results in loss of some of the energy produced by photosynthesis. This process recovers some of the carbon from the excess glycolate. In peroxisome, glyoxylate is converted into an amino acid glycine by a transamination reaction. Glyoxylate and glycine are 2-C compounds and glycolate is 3-C compound.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following nutrients is incorrectly paired with its function in a plant?

A
Calcium formation of cell walls, combines with pectin to glue cells together

B
Magnesium constituent of chlorophyll, cofactor for important enzymes

C
Iron component of chlorophyll

D
Potassium important in osmotic regulations, cofactor

Solution

The molecular structure of chlorophyll a consists of a chlorin ring, whose four nitrogen atoms surround a central magnesium atom, and has several other attached side chains and a hydrocarbon tail. So, the correct option is 'Iron component of chlorophyll'
Question 5
1 / -0

The role of phycobilins in photosynthesis is to

A
Absorb and transfer energy to chlorophyll

B
Donate electrons to electron transport system

C
Fix carbon dioxide

D
Carry hydrogen or electrons

Solution

Phycobilins function as light-harvesting pigments in most species of cyanobacteria and red algae. They act as light-absorbing pigments for photosynthesis and are capable of absorbing light in the green and orange region of visible light where chlorophyll absorbs poorly.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Absorb and transfer energy to chlorophyll'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Energy coupling of endergonic and exergonic reactions within cells

A
Permits biological reactions to proceed at temperatures consistent with life

B
Uses heat released by one reaction to fuel the other reaction

C
Utilizes ATP to carry energy between the exergonic and endergonic reactions

D
All of the above

Solution

Energy coupling is the use of an exergonic process to carry out an endergonic process. The energy released in an exergonic process is used to develop an endergonic process. The ATP is responsible for mediating the energy coupling of cells, it is the energy currency. It is used to boost many cellular reactions that require energy. This also provides the energy required for reactions without too much increase in temperature.
So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Oxygen released in photosynthesis is formed during

A
oxidative phosphorylation

B
cyclic photophosphorylation

C
non-cyclic photophosphorylation

D
carbon fixation during the dark reaction
Question 8
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The pigment molecules of the chloroplast are located within

A
its inner membrane

B
the space between its inner and outer membranes

C
its thylakoid membranes

D
its intrathylakoid spaces

Solution

Chlorophyll molecules are contained inside chloroplasts, which are the food producers of the cell found in all green parts of a plant. Inside the chloroplasts, we find thylakoid membranes, which contain photosystems and chloroplast pigments are found
So, the correct answer is ' it’s thylakoid membrane'
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
In the $$C_4$$ pathway the molecule that combines with carbon dioxide is

A
glyceraldehyde phosphate

B
ribulose biphosphate

C
phosphoenol pyruvic acid

D
citric acid

Solution

The C$$_4$$ (or Hatch-Slack) pathway the carbon dioxide combines first with phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) to form a four-carbon molecule, Oxaloacetatic acid.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Phosphoenol pyruvic acid.'
Question 10
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Production of NADPH in a chloroplast takes place during

A
cyclic photophosphorylation

B
non-cyclic photophosphorylation

C
series photophosphorylation

D
substrate level photophosphorylation

Solution

During non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons released by P700 are carried by primary acceptor and are finally passed on to NADP. Here, the electrons combine with the protons H+ which is produced by splitting up of the water molecule and reduces NADP to NADPH$$_2$$.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Non-cyclic photophosphorylation.'

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 62

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 62

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Question 1

yellowing of leaves due to the absence of chlorophyll

yellowing of leaves due to low chlorophyll contents

greening of leaves due to high contents of chlorophyll

yellowing of leaves due to high contents of nitrogen

Solution

Question 2

rapidly recycle these compounds

bypass reactions that require these compounds

incur an oxygen debt until these compounds become available

utilize substitute molecules in place of these compounds

Solution

Question 3

Glycolate and glycine

Glycine and glycerate

Serine and glycine

Phosphoglycerate and glycolate

Solution

Question 4

Calcium formation of cell walls, combines with pectin to glue cells together

Magnesium constituent of chlorophyll, cofactor for important enzymes

Iron component of chlorophyll

Potassium important in osmotic regulations, cofactor

Solution

Question 5

Absorb and transfer energy to chlorophyll

Donate electrons to electron transport system

Fix carbon dioxide

Carry hydrogen or electrons

Solution

Question 6

Permits biological reactions to proceed at temperatures consistent with life

Uses heat released by one reaction to fuel the other reaction

Utilizes ATP to carry energy between the exergonic and endergonic reactions

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

oxidative phosphorylation

cyclic photophosphorylation

non-cyclic photophosphorylation

carbon fixation during the dark reaction

Question 8

its inner membrane

the space between its inner and outer membranes

its thylakoid membranes

its intrathylakoid spaces

Solution

Question 9

glyceraldehyde phosphate

ribulose biphosphate

phosphoenol pyruvic acid

citric acid

Solution

Question 10

cyclic photophosphorylation

non-cyclic photophosphorylation

series photophosphorylation

substrate level photophosphorylation

Solution

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