Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 67

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Question 1
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
Dark reaction in photosynthesis is called so because

A
it can occur in dark also

B
it does not directly depend on light energy

C
it cannot occur during day light

D
it occurs more rapidly at night

Solution

Biosynthetic phase (dark or Blackman's reaction) catalyses assimilation of $$CO_{2}$$ to carbohydrates. The reactions are called carbon reactions. They occur in stroma of chloroplasts. The reactions do not require light. Instead assimilatory power (ATP and NADPH ) produced during photo chemical phase is used in fixation and reduction of carbon dioxide. All the enzymes required for the process are present in the matrix or stoma of the chloroplast. So, the correct answer is 'it does not directly depend on light energy'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
When $$C_{2}$$ is added to PEP, the first stable product synthesised is

A
pyruvate

B
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

C
phosphoglycerate

D
oxaloacetate

Solution

In $$C_{4}$$ plants, initial fixation of $$CO_{2} $$ or carboxylation occurs in mesophyll cells. The chloroplasts of mesophyll cells possess enzyme PEP carboxylase (or PEP case) for initial fixation of $$CO_{2} $$ .The primary acceptor of $$CO_{2} $$ is phosphoenol pyruvate or PEP. It combines with $$CO_{2} $$ in the presence of PEP carboxylase (or PEP case) to form oxaloacetic acid or oxallocetate (OAA). So, the correct answer is 'oxaloacetate'.
Question 3
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Splitting of water is associated with

A
Photosystem I

B
Lumpen of thylakoid

C
Both photosystem I and II

D
Inner surface of thylakoid membrane.

Solution

Light reaction occur inside the thylakoids, especially those of grana region. It involves two types of reaction photosynthesis of water and production of assimilation power. The phenomenon of breaking up of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the illuminated chloroplasts is called photolysis or photocatalytic , splitting of water, Water splitting complex is associated with the PSII, which itself is physically located on the inner surface of thylakoid membrane.
$$4H_{2} O \rightleftharpoons 4H^{+} + 4OH^-$$
$$ 4OH^- \xrightarrow[Mn^{2+}, Ca^{2+}, Cl^-]{Oxygen \,\,evolving\,\, complex} 2H_{2} + O_{2}\uparrow + 4e^- $$ , So, the correct answer is 'inner surface of thylakoid membrane.'.
Question 4
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Refer to the given cross-section of a $$C_{4}$$ leaf and select the incorrect option.

A
P are the chloroplasts in which thylakoids are stacked together to from grana.

B
P is the chloroplasts which can perform the light reaction, evolve molecular $$O_{2}$$ and produce assimilatory power.

C
Q are the chloroplasts in which thylakoids occur as stroma lamellae.

D
Q are the chloroplasts in which $$CO_2$$ is fixed by phosphoenol pyruvic acid to form oxaloacetic acid.

Solution

The given cross section of leaf represents Kranz anatomy in a $$C_{4}$$ plant. P is the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells, which are granular (i.e, thylakoids are staked to form grana ) and are specialized to perform light reaction of photosynthesis, evolve $$O_{2}$$ and produce assimilation power $$(ATP + NADPH_{2}$$).Q is the chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells which are stroma laminae. in these chloroplasts, final fixation of $$CO_{2}$$ takes place through Calvin cycle where $$CO_{2}$$ is fixed by RuBP in the presence of enzyme RuBisCO.
So, the correct answer is 'Q are the chloroplasts in which $$CO_2$$ is fixed by phosphoenol pyruvic acid to form oxaloacetic acid.'
Question 5
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The gaseous byproduct of a process in plants is essential for another vital process that releases energy. Given below are four combinations of processes and products. Choose the correct combination.

A
Photosynthesis and oxygen

B
Respiration and carbon dioxide

C
Transpiration and water vapour

D
Germination and carbon dioxide

Solution

Photosynthesis and respiration are the two vital processes occurring in the plants. In the given question the two processes that has been discussed are photosynthesis are respiration. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is fixed to form glucose and oxygen is released.
Photosynthesis chemical equation:
6CO$$_2$$→12H$$_2$$O→C$$_6$$H$$_{12}$$O$$_6$$+6H$$_2$$O+6O$$_2$$↑
The oxygen from this reaction is fixed for respiration and glucose is broken down for the release of energy.
Respiration chemical equation:
C$$_6$$H$$_{12}$$O$$_6$$+6O$$_2$$→6CO$$_2$$+6H$$_2$$O+Energy↑
Oxygen released during photosynthesis will be used in respiration.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Photosynthesis and oxygen'.
Question 6
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Which organelle out of these does not participate in photorespiration?

A
Peroxisomes

B
Mitochondria

C
Chloroplasts

D
Golgi bodies

Solution

The site for photorespiration is chloroplast peroxisome and mitochondrion. It is also called photosynthetic carbon oxidative or PCO cycle.
So the correct option is D.
Question 7
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When wheat and sugarcane leaves are fed with radioactive $$^{14} CO_{2}$$ in which would the radioactivity appear first in these plants?

A
Wheat-3-phosphoglycerate; Sugarcane-Oxalocetate

B
Wheat-3-phosphoglycerate; Sugarcane-3-phosphoglycerate

C
Wheat-Oxaloacetate; Sugarcane-Oxalocetate

D
Wheat-Malate; Sugarcane-3-phosphoglycerate

Solution
Question 8
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Which of the following statement is/are correct for photorespiration?

A
Glycerate diffuses out of peroxisome and enters chloroplast, here it is phosphorylated

B
Glyoxylate is used in the synthesis of glycine in peroxisome

C
In mitochondria when glycine is converted into serin at that time glycine first oxidized and later reduced

D
Coordinated of chloroplast, peroxisome and mitochondrion is essential in photorespiration

Solution

During photorespiration, after a series of reaction, synthesis of serine takes place in mitochondria. This serine is taken up by peroxisome and is converted into glycerate. The glycerate then moves from peroxisome to chloroplast, where phosphorylation takes place and it is converted into PGA.
So the correct option is 'Glycerate diffuses out of peroxisome and enters chloroplast, here it is phosphorylated'
Question 9
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Which pair is incorrect related to C$$_4$$ pathway?

A
Location for primary (first) carboxylation - Mesophyll cells

B
First CO$$_2$$ acceptor - PEP

C
C$$_4$$ plant - Sugarcane

D
First product - PGA

Solution

In the C$$_4$$ pathway, initial carbon fixation takes place in mesophyll cells and the Calvin cycle takes place in bundle-sheath cells. In this, carbon dioxide attaches to the to the three-carbon molecule PEP in presence of PEP carboxylase and produces the four-carbon molecule oxaloacetate. Examples of C$$_4$$ plants include corn, sugarcane.
Thus, the correct answer is 'First product - PGA.'
Question 10
1 / -0

Which is the most abundant plant pigment in the world?

A
Chlorophyll a

B
Chlorophyll b

C
Chlorophyll c

D
Chlorophyll d

Solution

The most abundant plant pigment in the world is chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a is the most important photosynthetic pigment because it is directly involved in the conversion of light energy (photons) to chemical energy. Chlorophyll a absorbs light with wavelengths of 430nm (blue) and 662nm (red). It reflects green light strongly so it appears green to us. All other photosynthetic pigments found in the chloroplasts of higher plants are called 'accessory pigments'.
So, the correct answer is 'Chlorophyll a'.

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 67

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 67

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Question 1

it can occur in dark also

it does not directly depend on light energy

it cannot occur during day light

it occurs more rapidly at night

Solution

Question 2

pyruvate

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

phosphoglycerate

oxaloacetate

Solution

Question 3

Photosystem I

Lumpen of thylakoid

Both photosystem I and II

Inner surface of thylakoid membrane.

Solution

Question 4

P are the chloroplasts in which thylakoids are stacked together to from grana.

P is the chloroplasts which can perform the light reaction, evolve molecular $$O_{2}$$ and produce assimilatory power.

Q are the chloroplasts in which thylakoids occur as stroma lamellae.

Q are the chloroplasts in which $$CO_2$$CO2 is fixed by phosphoenol pyruvic acid to form oxaloacetic acid.

Solution

Question 5

Photosynthesis and oxygen

Respiration and carbon dioxide

Transpiration and water vapour

Germination and carbon dioxide

Solution

Question 6

Peroxisomes

Mitochondria

Chloroplasts

Golgi bodies

Solution

Question 7

Wheat-3-phosphoglycerate; Sugarcane-Oxalocetate

Wheat-3-phosphoglycerate; Sugarcane-3-phosphoglycerate

Wheat-Oxaloacetate; Sugarcane-Oxalocetate

Wheat-Malate; Sugarcane-3-phosphoglycerate

Solution

Question 8

Glycerate diffuses out of peroxisome and enters chloroplast, here it is phosphorylated

Glyoxylate is used in the synthesis of glycine in peroxisome

In mitochondria when glycine is converted into serin at that time glycine first oxidized and later reduced

Coordinated of chloroplast, peroxisome and mitochondrion is essential in photorespiration

Solution

Question 9

Location for primary (first) carboxylation - Mesophyll cells

First CO$$_2$$ acceptor - PEP

C$$_4$$ plant - Sugarcane

First product - PGA

Solution

Question 10

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll c

Chlorophyll d

Solution

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Q are the chloroplasts in which $$CO_2$$ is fixed by phosphoenol pyruvic acid to form oxaloacetic acid.