Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 76

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Question 1
1 / -0

Photosynthesis in an aquatic plant was measured by counting the number of O$$_{2}$$, bubbles coming out of the cut end of the plant. What will happen to O$$_{2}$$ production, if you use a pipe to blow air from your mouth into water in the beaker?

A
Air from mouth contains O$$_{2}$$, which is being added to the plant. Hence, increase in O$$_{2}$$ production

B
Air from mouth contains CO$$_{2}$$, which is utilized in photosynthesis. Hence, increase in O$$_{2}$$ production

C
Bacteria from mouth will infect the plant. Hence, reduction in O$$_{2}$$ production

D
Water is already in contact with air. Hence, air from mouth will have no effect

Solution

Photosynthesis is a process by which green plants make their food from CO$$_2$$, and H$$_2$$0 in the presence of sunlight. If we blow air into water in a beaker then air from the mouth that contains CO$$_2$$ utilized in photosynthesis. Hence O$$_2$$, production increases.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
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Which step of non cyclic photosphorylation is blocked by DCMU?

A
Flow of $$e^-$$ between PS I to FD

B
Flow of $$e^-$$ between cyto $$b_6$$ to cyto f

C
Flow of $$e^-$$ between PC to PS I

D
Flow of $$e^-$$ between PS II to PQ

Solution

The herbicides dichlorophenyl dimethyl urea (DCMU) and chlorophenyl dimethyl urea (CMU) are also photosynthetic inhibitors. DCMU is a very specific and sensitive inhibitor of photosynthesis. It blocks the plastoquinone binding site of photosystem II. This interrupts the photosynthetic electron transport chain in photosynthesis and thus reduces the ability of the plant to turn light energy into chemical energy.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
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The correct sequence of cell organelles participating in photorespiration is

A
Chloroplast - Peroxisome - Mitochondria

B
Chloroplast - Vacuole - Peroxisome

C
Chloroplast - Golgi bodies - Mitochondria

D
Chloroplast - Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Dictyosomes

Solution

Photorespiration is a biochemical process in plants in which, especially under conditions of water stress, oxygen inhibits the Calvin cycle, the carbon fixation portion of photosynthesis. The three organelles participates in photorespiration are chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisomes. Thus, option A is correct.
Organelles such as vacuoles, Golgi bodies, rough endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosomes does not involve in photorespiration. Thus, other options are wrong.
Question 4
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Which of the following statement is true with regard to the light reaction of photosynthetic mechanism in plants?

A
Chlorophyll a occurs with peak absorption at 680 nm in photosystem I and at 700 nm in photosystem II.

B
Magnesium and sodium ions are associated with photolysis of water molecules.

C
$${O_2}$$ is evolved during cyclic photophosphorylation.

D
Photosystems I and II are both involved in non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

E
Both ATP and $${NADPH_2}$$ are formed during cyclic photophosphorylation.

Solution

PSII have molecules of chlorophyll a arranged with a geometry to facilitate absorption of shorter wavelength, higher energy photons then photosystem I. Photosystem II have absorption peak of approximately 680 nanometers while PS I reaction center has absorption peak of 700 nm. Photosystem II has P680 reaction center with associated Mn atoms. These Mn atoms are associated with an enzyme that splits water under sunlight (photolysis). Cyclic photophosphorylation is non-oxygenic photosynthesis in which electrons are passed from P700 of PS-I, via electron transfer chain, to back to P700 with the formation of ATP. Electrons are not passed to NADP reductase; no $$NADPH_2$$ is formed. Inorganic compounds, not water, serve as energy/electron source and oxygen is not released. Noncyclic photophosphorylation includes the flow of electron from PSII through quinone, cyt $$b_6$$ f complex and plastocyanin to NADPH via PSI; it does not return to PSII and includes both PSI and PSII. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
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The exceptional difference between $${C_3}$$ and $${C_4}$$ plants is exhibited by phenomenon

A
Photosynthesis

B
Photorespiration

C
Transpiration

D
Crassulacean metabolism

Solution

In $$C_3$$ plants, $$CO_2$$ is pumped directly into the Calvin cycle, leaving rubisco exposed to $$O_2$$. Rubisco in a $$C_3$$ will take up $$O_2$$ rather than $$CO_2$$ to undergo photorespiration. Photorespiration occurs under low concentrations of $$CO_2$$ and high concentrations of $$O_2$$. $$C_4$$ plants capture carbon dioxide in their mesophyll cells forming oxaloacetate. This oxaloacetate is then converted to malate and is transported into the bundle sheath cells, where oxygen concentration is low to avoid photorespiration.
Photosynthesis and transpiration occurs in both $$C_3$$ and $$C_4$$ plants. Crassulacean metabolism does not occur in both $$C_3$$ and $$C_4$$ plants.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
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Bacteriochlorophyll differs from chlorophyll 'a' in having ________.

A
One pyrrole nucleus with one hydrogen

B
One pyrrole nucleus with two hydrogen

C
One pyrrole nucleus with three hydrogen

D
One pyrrole nucleus with four hydrogen
Solution
- Bacteriochlorophyll is an assimilatory pigment in purple and brown sulfur bacteria while chlorophyll a is one of the assimilatory pigments of green plants.
- Chlorophyll has tetrapyrrole rings of porphyrins with the presence of magnesium as a central metal ion. The long phytol side chain with four isoprenoid units is covalently bonded to chlorophyll by ester linkage between the propionic acid side chain of the porphyrin ring and alcohol group of phytol.
- Bacteriochlorophyll differs from chlorophyll in having an acetyl group in place of vinyl group of chlorophyll a and saturation of one double bond of porphyrin ring of chlorophyll-a which adds two additional hydrogen atoms to the bacteriochlorophyll.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
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For the same amount of $${CO_2}$$ fixed a $${C_4}$$ plant in comparison with a $${C_3}$$ plant loses only

A
Less than half amount of water

B
Equal amount of water

C
Double amount of water

D
None of the above

Solution

$$C_4$$ plants have a competitive advantage over plants possessing the more common $$C_3$$ carbon fixation pathway under conditions of drought, high temperatures, and nitrogen or $$CO_2$$ limitation. $$C_4$$ plants have special Kranz anatomy which leads to the reduction in loss of water.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
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Which of the following chlorophyll does not have a phytol tail?

A
Chl a

B
Chl b

C
Chl c

D
Chl e

Solution

The molecular formula of chlorophyll c is $$C_{35}H_{32}O_5N_4Mg$$ and the molecular weight is 712. It lacks phytyl esterification. Consequently, the phytol tail is absent. The pyrrole ring IV is without 2H and there is vinyl or ethyl group at carbon 4 position. It absorbs blue and orange wavelengths of the spectrum giving peaks at 447 and 579 nm. It is found in brown algae, diatoms, as also in Pyrrophyta and Cryptophyta.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
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Which of the following plant is efficient converter of solar energy, whose net productivity is 2 - 4 kg/$${m^2}$$/yr or even higher?

A
Wheat

B
Rice

C
Sugarcane

D
Bajra

Solution

$$C_4$$ plants are more efficient than $$C_3$$ plants, because $$C_3$$ plants undergo photorespiration. The Kranz anatomy helps in $$C_4$$ metabolism and thus no wastage of energy for photorespiration. Sugarcane is a $$C_4$$ plant. So, it has higher productivity.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
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Statement A : All green plants have chlorophyll pigment.
Statement B : Without chlorophyll, photosynthesis cannot take place.
From the above statements, Neelima concluded that the dark red colored croton plants in her garden cannot prepare food on its own. But her teacher said it is not correct. Why?

A
Croton plants are green but do not contain chlorophyll.

B
Croton plants are dark red in color but do not contain chlorophyll.

C
Croton plants have chlorophyll but it is hidden by dark red colour.

D
Croton plants do not have chlorophyll but they can prepare their own food.

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 76

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 76

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Question 1

Air from mouth contains O$$_{2}$$, which is being added to the plant. Hence, increase in O$$_{2}$$ production

Air from mouth contains CO$$_{2}$$, which is utilized in photosynthesis. Hence, increase in O$$_{2}$$ production

Bacteria from mouth will infect the plant. Hence, reduction in O$$_{2}$$ production

Water is already in contact with air. Hence, air from mouth will have no effect

Solution

Question 2

Flow of $$e^-$$ between PS I to FD

Flow of $$e^-$$ between cyto $$b_6$$ to cyto f

Flow of $$e^-$$ between PC to PS I

Flow of $$e^-$$ between PS II to PQ

Solution

Question 3

Chloroplast - Peroxisome - Mitochondria

Chloroplast - Vacuole - Peroxisome

Chloroplast - Golgi bodies - Mitochondria

Chloroplast - Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Dictyosomes

Solution

Question 4

Chlorophyll a occurs with peak absorption at 680 nm in photosystem I and at 700 nm in photosystem II.

Magnesium and sodium ions are associated with photolysis of water molecules.

$${O_2}$$ is evolved during cyclic photophosphorylation.

Photosystems I and II are both involved in non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

Both ATP and $${NADPH_2}$$ are formed during cyclic photophosphorylation.

Solution

Question 5

Photosynthesis

Photorespiration

Transpiration

Crassulacean metabolism

Solution

Question 6

One pyrrole nucleus with one hydrogen

One pyrrole nucleus with two hydrogen

One pyrrole nucleus with three hydrogen

One pyrrole nucleus with four hydrogen

Solution

Question 7

Less than half amount of water

Equal amount of water

Double amount of water

None of the above

Solution

Question 8

Chl a

Chl b

Chl c

Chl e

Solution

Question 9

Wheat

Rice

Sugarcane

Bajra

Solution

Question 10

Croton plants are green but do not contain chlorophyll.

Croton plants are dark red in color but do not contain chlorophyll.

Croton plants have chlorophyll but it is hidden by dark red colour.

Croton plants do not have chlorophyll but they can prepare their own food.

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