Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 77

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In addition to the 12 molecules of $$NADPH_2$$ the energy required for the synthesis of one mole of hexose by $$C_3$$ and $$C_4$$ pathway is

A
18 molecules of ATP

B
30 molecules of ATP

C
18 and 30 molecules of ATP respectively

D
30 and 18 molecules of ATP respectively

Solution

In $$C_3$$ plants 3 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of $$NADPH_2$$ are required per carbon atom fixed into sugars making the total requirement to produce one molecule of hexose sugar as 18 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of $$NADPH_2$$. In $$C_4$$ plants 5 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of $$NADPH_2$$ are required per carbon atom fixed into sugars making the total requirement to produce one molecule of hexose sugar as 30 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of $$NADPH_2$$.
Question 2
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The structure known as peroxisome is associated with

A
Photosynthesis.

B
Respiration.

C
Photorespiration.

D
Photophosphorylation.

Solution

Photorespiration (also known as the oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle, or $$C_2$$ photosynthesis) is a process in plant metabolism which attempts to reduce the consequences of a wasteful oxygenation reaction by the enzyme RuBisCO. Peroxisome, mitochondria and chloroplast is involved in this process.
Question 3
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The $$C_4$$ plants are photosynthically more efficient than $$C_3$$ plants because

A
The CO$$_2$$ efflux is not prevented.

B
They have more chloroplasts.

C
The CO$$_2$$ compensation point is more.

D
CO generated during photorespiration is trapped and recycled through PEP carboxylase.

Solution

$$C_4$$ plants are photosynthetically more efficient than $$C_3$$ plants. They have lower compensation points and do not show photorespiration. They have more chloroplasts as compared to $$C_3$$ plants. They have chloroplasts both in the spongy mesophyll cells and in the bundle sheath cells. The chloroplasts are usually absent from bundle sheath cells but in $$C_4$$ plants bundle sheath cells are rich in chloroplast and have unusual type of chloroplasts. These chloroplasts are agranal and have RUBISCO enzyme.
Question 4
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Stroma is the ground matrix of

A
Lysosomes.

B
Oxysomes.

C
Ribosomes.

D
Chloroplast.

Solution

Stroma is the colorless ground substance in the chloroplasts of plants. Within the stroma lies stacks of thylakoids, the sub-organelles, which are the site of photosynthesis. The ground substance of chloroplasts (stroma) represents the third and largest compartment of chloroplasts.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
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The chlorophyll absorbs mostly

A
Blue and green light.

B
Blue and red light.

C
Green and red light.

D
Violet light.

Solution

Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light. Blue is at the high-energy end of the spectrum, so light of this wavelength is responsible for this much excitation and explains the absorption peak in the blue. Red wavelengths are lower in energy and only boost the electron to a lower energy level than can blue light. Green light is not absorbed but reflected, making the plant appear green.
So, the correct answer is 'Blue and red light'.
Question 6
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Plastids are different from mitochondria on the basis of which of the following features?

A
Presence of two layers of membrane

B
Presence of green pigments

C
Presence of DNA

D
Plastids are present in plant cell while mitochondria are present in animal cell.

Solution

Mitochondria and plastids are double membraned semi-autonomous cell organelles that contain DNA. Mitochondria are respiratory organelles found in both plant and animal cells while chloroplasts are photosynthetic organelles found in plant cells only. Chloroplasts posses green photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll.
Question 7
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the light reactions and dark reactions taking place during photosynthesis?
(i) Light reactions occur in grana thylakoids whereas dark reactions occur in stroma of chloroplasts.
(ii) Light reactions generate ATP and $$\displaystyle NADPH_{2}$$ whereas dark reactions consume ATP and $$\displaystyle NADPH_{2}$$.
(iii) Oxygen is released as a by-product during the light reactions as well as dark reactions.
(iv) Light reactions take place in the presence of light and dark reactions are independent of the products formed during light reactions.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(iii) and (iv)

C
(i), (ii) and (iv)

D
(ii), (iii) and (iv)

Solution

Photosynthesis consists of a set of light and dark reactions. In the light reactions, the energy from sunlight is utilized in the photochemical reduction of $$H_2O$$ so that oxidizing agent $$NADP^+$$ is reduced to $$NADPH$$. Dark reactions occur all the time and not just the dark. $$NADPH^+$$ and ATP produced in light reactions lead to the reductive synthesis of carbohydrate from $$CO_2$$ and $$H_2O$$. The site of photosynthesis is the chloroplast, which is under the surface of the leaf. The light reactions occur on the thylakoid membrane and the dark reactions occur within the stroma.
Question 8
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$${CO_2}$$ acceptor during the dark reaction of $${C_3}$$ photosynthesis is

A
RUBP.

B
PEP.

C
NADPH.

D
ATP.

Solution

The carbon-fixing reaction of photosynthesis involves a cyclic series of reactions, often called as the Calvin cycle or $$C_3$$ pathway. In carboxylation or fixation, three molecules of $$CO_2$$ combine with three molecules of 5C compound called ribulose-1, 5- bisphosphate (RuBP), which is the acceptor molecule of $$CO_2$$, giving rise to an unstable 6- carbon compound. Carboxylation of a molecule of $$CO_2$$ to RuBP is catalyzed by the enzyme RuBP carboxylase or Rubisco. The resulting 6C compound is highly unstable. This molecule quickly breaks down to give two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG), also called phosphoglyceric acid (PGA).
Question 9
1 / -0

All of the following are constituents of chlorophyll molecules, except

A
Calcium

B
Carbon

C
Hydrogen

D
Magnesium

Solution

The chlorophyll molecule is the component present in the plants that absorb the energy from the sunlight for the process of photosynthesis. The molecular structure of chlorophyll shows a chlorin ring with four nitrogen atoms surrounded by a central magnesium atom and has several side chains made up of methyl groups.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
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The energy change in photosynthesis is from

A
Light energy to electrical energy.

B
Light energy to molecular energy.

C
Light energy to chemical energy.

D
Light energy to activation energy.

Solution

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organism's activities. The light reaction produces ATP as energy currency which is used during dark reaction for carbon dioxide fixation.
So, the correct answer is option C.

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 77

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 77

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Question 1

18 molecules of ATP

30 molecules of ATP

18 and 30 molecules of ATP respectively

30 and 18 molecules of ATP respectively

Solution

Question 2

Photosynthesis.

Respiration.

Photorespiration.

Photophosphorylation.

Solution

Question 3

The CO$$_2$$ efflux is not prevented.

They have more chloroplasts.

The CO$$_2$$ compensation point is more.

CO2 generated during photorespiration is trapped and recycled through PEP carboxylase.

Solution

Question 4

Lysosomes.

Oxysomes.

Ribosomes.

Chloroplast.

Solution

Question 5

Blue and green light.

Blue and red light.

Green and red light.

Violet light.

Solution

Question 6

Presence of two layers of membrane

Presence of green pigments

Presence of DNA

Plastids are present in plant cell while mitochondria are present in animal cell.

Solution

Question 7

(i) and (ii)

(iii) and (iv)

(i), (ii) and (iv)

(ii), (iii) and (iv)

Solution

Question 8

RUBP.

PEP.

NADPH.

ATP.

Solution

Question 9

Calcium

Carbon

Hydrogen

Magnesium

Solution

Question 10

Light energy to electrical energy.

Light energy to molecular energy.

Light energy to chemical energy.

Light energy to activation energy.

Solution

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CO generated during photorespiration is trapped and recycled through PEP carboxylase.