Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 80

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Question 1
1 / -0

In respiration

A
2 PGAL are formed in glycolysis and none in Krebs cycle

B
6 PGAL in glycolysis, 3 PGAL in Krebs cycle

C
8 PGAL in glycolysis, 3 PGAL in Krebs cycle

D
PGAL formation does not occur in respiration
Solution
A.Correct option -A
B.Explanation for correct option
In glycolysis, 1 molecule of glucose is oxidised to 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (3C) which is further oxidised to pyruvate.
PGAL is in dynamic equilibrium with DHAP (dihydroxyacetone phosphate).
No PGAL is formed during the process of Krebs' cycle.
Question 2
1 / -0

In non-cyclic electron transport system the path of electron is

A
$$PS - I \rightarrow PS - II - NADP$$

B
$$PS - II \rightarrow PS - I \rightarrow - NADP$$

C
$$NADP \rightarrow PS - II \rightarrow PS - I$$

D
$$ NADP \rightarrow PS - I \rightarrow PS - II$$
Solution
Photosystem II has P$$_{680}$$ reaction centre wherein oxygen atoms of two water molecules bind to a cluster of manganese atoms.
These Mn atoms are associated with an enzyme that splits water, removes electrons one at a time.
After the removal of four electrons from the two water molecules, O$$_2$$ is released. Sunlight-driven splitting of water is called photolysis. Noncyclic photophosphorylation includes the flow of electron from PSII through quinone, cytochrome b6-f complex, and plastocyanin to NADPH via PSI.
NADP reductase enzyme is located on the stromal side of PSI and catalyses the reduction of NADP into NADPH.
Splitting of water and flow of electron through cytochrome b6-f complex add protons to thylakoid lumen. These protons are transported which drives the synthesis of ATP.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
1 / -0

The reaction involved in reduction of $$NAD^+$$ is

A
Glucose--> Glucose 6-P

B
Fructose 1, 6- diphosphate>PGAL+DiBAP

C
Glucose 6-P -->Fructose 6 -P

D
PGAL --> PGA

Solution

This reaction takes place during glycolysis that involves a breakdown of glucose the reduction of NAD takes place and it forms in NADH+ H⁺.
This occurs when 1,3- phosphoglyceraldehyde is converted into 13-phosphoglyceric acid. The enzyme used here is triose phosphate dehydrogenase.
So, the correct option is 'PGAL --> PGA.'
Question 4
1 / -0

Which theory explains ATP synthesis in chloroplasts and mitochondria?

A
Lipman and Lohmann theory.

B
Lock and Key theory of Fischer.

C
Induced fit theory of Koshland.

D
Chemiosmotic theory of Mitchell.

Solution

The chemiosmotic theory explains how ATP is generated from mitochondria by electron transport chain. The chemiosmotic theory was developed by the British biochemist, Peter Mitchell, to explain the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria (and photophosphorylation in chloroplasts).
So the correct option is 'Chemiosmotic theory of Mitchell.'
Question 5
1 / -0

Father of ATP cycle is

A
Galton

B
Berg

C
Lipman

D
Alec Jeffreys

Solution

Lipmann is called 'father of ATP cycle'. Fritz Albert Lipmann, was a German-American biochemist was discovered the ATP functioning through built up and hydrolysis of high energy phosphate bond.
So, the correct answer is Lippmann.
Question 6
1 / -0

Chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis of oxidative phosphorylation proposes ATP synthesis because of

A
Proton gradient forms across inner membrane.

B
Changed impermeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to ADP.

C
High energy bonds are formed in mitochondrial proteins.

D
ADP is pumped out of the matrix into intermembrane space.

Solution

The ATP produced during oxidative phosphorylation by which the electron flow from the electron carrier to the non-hydrogen carrier the H+ in the intermembranous space than in matrix. The protons flow back due to proton motive force by which the energy is liberated by activating ATPase present in F1 head to synthesize ATP.
So the correct option is 'Proton gradient forms across the inner membrane.'
Question 7
1 / -0

Ratio between 2-carbon and 3-carbon intermediate having NH$$_2$$ group formed in photosynthetic oxidation cycle is

A
2 : 1

B
1 : 1

C
3 : 2

D
3 : 4.

Solution

A) During photorespiration, in the peroxisome, 2 molecules of glycine are transferred to the mitochondrion where they are converted into one molecule of serine. Glycine is a two carbon structure having chemical formula $${ NH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }_{ 2 }-{ COOH }$$ and serine is a three carbon structure having chemical formula $${ NH }_{ 2 }-{ CH }{ (CH }_{ 2 }{ OH })-{ COOH }$$. So, the ratio between glycine and serine is 2 : 1.
B) Two molecules of glycine form one molecule of serine, so the ratio is 2 : 1.
C) The ratio between the 2-carbon and 3-carbon intermediate is 2 : 1.
D) Two molecules of glycine combine to form one molecule of serine.
So the correct answer is '2 : 1'.
Question 8
1 / -0

The chemical composition of chlorophyll and carotenoids was given by

A
Senebier

B
Mayer and Anderson

C
Rober Mayer

D
Willstatter and Stoll

Solution

A) Jean Senebier showed that carbon dioxide is consumed by plants during the production of oxygen.
B) Mayer and Anderson were pioneers in plant physiology.
C) Julius Robert Mayer was a German physician, chemist and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics.
D) Willstatter and Stoll gave the chemical composition of the pigments chlorophyll and carotenoids.
So the correct answer is 'Willstatter and Stoll'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is correct in regards to photorespiration?

A
In mitochondria, serine in converted into hydroxypyruvate

B
In mitochondria, two glycine molecules unite to form serine

C
In mitochondria, glycolate is oxidised to form glyoxylate

D
In peroxisomes, three molecules of glycine unite to form serine

Solution

In photorespiration, the glycine is transported out of peroxisomes into mitochondria, where two molecules of glycine interact to form one molecule each of serine, CO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$.
2 Glycine + H$$_2$$O + NAD$$^+\rightarrow$$ Serine + CO$$_2$$+ NH$$_3$$ + NADH
The CO$$_2$$ is then released in photorespiration from mitochondria. The NH$$_3$$ released during glycine decarboxylation is transported to cytoplasm or chloroplast, where it is incorporated into the synthesis of glutamic acid.
Hence, the correct answer is 'In mitochondria, two glycine molecules unit to form serine'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Product of photorespiration is

A
Phosphoglycerate

B
Erythrose 4-phosphate

C
Dihydroxy acetone 3-phosphate

D
All of the above

Solution

A) Phosphoglycerate is the product of photorespiration.
B) Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphate of the simple sugar erythrose. It is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle.
C) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is an anion which is involved in many metabolic pathways, including the Calvin cycle in plants and glycolysis.
D) The only phosphoglycerate is a product of photorespiration.
So the correct answer is 'Phosphoglycerate'.

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 80

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 80

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Question 1

2 PGAL are formed in glycolysis and none in Krebs cycle

6 PGAL in glycolysis, 3 PGAL in Krebs cycle

8 PGAL in glycolysis, 3 PGAL in Krebs cycle

PGAL formation does not occur in respiration

Solution

Question 2

$$PS - I \rightarrow PS - II - NADP$$

$$PS - II \rightarrow PS - I \rightarrow - NADP$$

$$NADP \rightarrow PS - II \rightarrow PS - I$$

$$ NADP \rightarrow PS - I \rightarrow PS - II$$

Solution

Question 3

Glucose--> Glucose 6-P

Fructose 1, 6- diphosphate>PGAL+DiBAP

Glucose 6-P -->Fructose 6 -P

PGAL --> PGA

Solution

Question 4

Lipman and Lohmann theory.

Lock and Key theory of Fischer.

Induced fit theory of Koshland.

Chemiosmotic theory of Mitchell.

Solution

Question 5

Galton

Berg

Lipman

Alec Jeffreys

Solution

Question 6

Proton gradient forms across inner membrane.

Changed impermeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to ADP.

High energy bonds are formed in mitochondrial proteins.

ADP is pumped out of the matrix into intermembrane space.

Solution

Question 7

2 : 1

1 : 1

3 : 2

3 : 4.

Solution

Question 8

Senebier

Mayer and Anderson

Rober Mayer

Willstatter and Stoll

Solution

Question 9

In mitochondria, serine in converted into hydroxypyruvate

In mitochondria, two glycine molecules unite to form serine

In mitochondria, glycolate is oxidised to form glyoxylate

In peroxisomes, three molecules of glycine unite to form serine

Solution

Question 10

Phosphoglycerate

Erythrose 4-phosphate

Dihydroxy acetone 3-phosphate

All of the above

Solution

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