Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 9

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Question 1
1 / -0

Kranz anatomy is one of the characteristics of the leaves of

A
Mustard

B
Potato

C
Wheat

D
Sugarcane

Solution

Kranz anatomy occurs in the chloroplast of C$$_4$$ plants such as sugarcane, maize (Zea mays), sorghum etc. It has two types of photosynthetic cell arranged in a specific manner. These are bundle sheath cells that surround the vascular centres, and mesophyll cells that, in turn, surround the bundle sheath cells. Rubisco is localised only within internalised bundle sheath cells which helps in fixation of carbon dioxide.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
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In Kranz anatomy, the bundle sheath cells have

A
Thin walls, many intercellular spaces and no chloroplasts.

B
Thick walls, no intercellular spaces and a large number of chloroplasts.

C
Thin walls, no intercellular spaces and several chloroplasts.

D
Thick walls, many intercellular spaces and few chloroplasts.

Solution

Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Kranz anatomy is a specialized structure in C4 Plants where the mesophyll cells are clustered around the bundle-sheath cells in a ring-like fashion. The number of chloroplasts in the bundle-sheath cells is more than that in the mesophyll cells.
In this type of anatomy the bundle sheath cells form several layers around the vascular bundles; they are characterized by having a large number of chloroplasts, thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange and no intercellular spaces.
Question 3
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The oxygenation activity of RuBisCo enzyme in photorespiration leads to the formation of:

A
1 molecule of 3-C compound

B
1 molecule of 6-C compound

C
1 molecule of 3-C compound and 1 molecule of 2-C compound

D
2 molecules of 3-C compound

Solution

The oxygenation of RuBisCo enzyme during photorespiration leads to the formation of 1 molecule of 3-C compound PGA and 1 molecule of 2-C compound Phosphoglycolate.
So, the correct answer is '1 molecule of 3-C compound and 1 molecule of 2-C compound'.
Question 4
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A plant in your garden avoids photorespiratory losses, has improved water use efficiency, shows high rate of photosynthesis at high temperature and has improved efficiency of nitrogen utilisation. In which of the following physiological groups would you assign this plant?

A
$$C_3$$

B
$$C_4$$

C
CAM

D
Nitrogen fixer

Solution

In C$$_4$$ plants, chloroplasts exist not only in the mesophyll cells in the outer part of their leaves but in the bundle sheath cells as well. Instead of direct fixation to RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle, CO$$_2$$ is incorporated into a 4-carbon organic acid, which has the ability to regenerate CO$$_2$$ in the chloroplasts of the bundle sheath cells. C$$_4$$ plants have a competitive advantage over plants possessing the more common C$$_3$$ carbon fixation pathway under conditions of drought, high temperatures, and nitrogen or CO$$_2$$ limitation. This increased water use efficiency of C$$_4$$ grasses means that soil moisture is conserved, allowing them to grow for longer in arid environments.
Question 5
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Chromatophores take part in

A
Respiration.

B
Photosynthesis.

C
Growth.

D
Movement.

Solution

Chromatophores are pigment containing and light reflecting cells, or group of cells, found in bacteria and a wide range of animals including amphibians, fishes, reptiles etc. These are found in membranes of phototrophic bacteria. used primarily for photosynthesis, they contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
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Anoxygenic photosynthesis is characteristic of

A
Rhodospirillum

B
Spirogyra

C
Chlamydomonas

D
Ulva

Solution

Anoxygenic photosynthesis is the phototrophic process, where cellular energy i.e., ATP is produced without producing oxygen. Water is therefore not used as an electron donor. There are several groups of bacteria, that undergo anoxygenic photosynthesis such as green sulfur bacteria, green and red filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs (FAPs), phototrophic purple bacteria, Rhodospirillum because they do not produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. This bacterium is used in nitrogen fixation.
Question 7
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Which of the following statements is correct?

A
Photorespiration is useful process.

B
C$$_4$$ plants are more efficient than C$$_3$$ plants.

C
C$$_3$$ plants are more efficient than C$$_4$$ plants.

D
Photorespiration is absent in C$$_3$$ plants but present in C$$_4$$ plants.

Solution

$$\displaystyle { C }_{ 4 }$$ plants are more efficient than $$\displaystyle { C }_{ 3 }$$ plants beacuse they have little photorespiration while in $$\displaystyle { C }_{ 3 }$$ plants more than half of photsynthetic carbon is lost in photorespiration. $$\displaystyle { C }_{ 4 }$$ plants are more efficient in picking up $$\displaystyle { CO }_{ 2 }$$, even in low $$\displaystyle { CO }_{ 2 }$$ concentration because of high affinity of $$\displaystyle { CO }_{ 2 }$$ with PEP (phosphoenol pyruvic acid).
Question 8
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Green colour of leaves is due to the presence of the pigment

A
Chlorophyll

B
Ribosomes

C
Mitochondira

D
Chloroplast

Solution

Chlorophyll is the green photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll a is a specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light but it reflects green light. So, the leaves appear green.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
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Which one of the following is wrong in relation to photorespiration?

A
It occurs in chloroplasts

B
It occurs in daytime only

C
It is a characteristic of $$C_4$$ plants

D
It is a characteristic of $$C_3$$ plants

Solution

In $$C_4$$ plants the RuBisCO is present in bundle sheath cells, in which carbon dioxide is maintained at high concentration and oxygen is not generated in bundle sheath cells. Thus suppressing the photorespiration process.
Question 10
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The part of the plant cell which contains chlorophyll is

A
Chlorophyll a.

B
Chlorophyll b.

C
Chloroplast.

D
Chromoplast.

Solution

Chloroplasts are the food producers of the cell. The organelles are only found in plant cells and some protists such as algae. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. Chlorophyll is the pigments which are responsible for photosynthesis. it is present in the thylakoids of the grana and traps the light required for photosynthesis.
So, the correct answer is option C.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 9

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Test - 9

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Mustard

Potato

Wheat

Sugarcane

Solution

Question 2

Thin walls, many intercellular spaces and no chloroplasts.

Thick walls, no intercellular spaces and a large number of chloroplasts.

Thin walls, no intercellular spaces and several chloroplasts.

Thick walls, many intercellular spaces and few chloroplasts.

Solution

Question 3

1 molecule of 3-C compound

1 molecule of 6-C compound

1 molecule of 3-C compound and 1 molecule of 2-C compound

2 molecules of 3-C compound

Solution

Question 4

$$C_3$$

$$C_4$$

CAM

Nitrogen fixer

Solution

Question 5

Respiration.

Photosynthesis.

Growth.

Movement.

Solution

Question 6

Rhodospirillum

Spirogyra

Chlamydomonas

Ulva

Solution

Question 7

Photorespiration is useful process.

C$$_4$$ plants are more efficient than C$$_3$$ plants.

C$$_3$$ plants are more efficient than C$$_4$$ plants.

Photorespiration is absent in C$$_3$$ plants but present in C$$_4$$ plants.

Solution

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Ribosomes

Mitochondira

Chloroplast

Solution

Question 9

It occurs in chloroplasts

It occurs in daytime only

It is a characteristic of $$C_4$$ plants

It is a characteristic of $$C_3$$ plants

Solution

Question 10

Chlorophyll a.

Chlorophyll b.

Chloroplast.

Chromoplast.

Solution

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