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Respiration in Plants Test - 42

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Respiration in Plants Test - 42
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Pyruvic acid before combining with oxaloacetic acid of Krebs cycle, becomes
    Solution
    During the process of respiration, pyruvic acid is produced in the process of glycolysis. The three carbon atom containing pyruvic acid is oxidatively decarboxylated to two carbon atom containing compound Acetyl CoA by the action of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. The acetyl CoA then enters the Krebs cycle. In the first reaction of Krebs cycle catalyzed by enzyme citrate synthase, one unit of Acetyl CoA is fused with one unit of oxaloacetic acid to generate one molecule of citric acid.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is true about Krebs cycle?
    Solution
    Citric acid cycle completely metabolises acetyl CoA. Glycolysis produces two molecules of pyruvic acid from one molecule of glucose. Two molecules of pyruvic acid (each containing three carbon atoms) are oxidatively decarboxylated into two molecules of acetyl CoA (each containing two carbon atoms). These acetyl CoA molecules are metabolised by two turns of Krebs cycle. In the first reaction of Krebs cycle, acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid. Two carbon atoms, which enter the citric acid cycle are released as two molecules of carbon dioxide in two successive decarboxylation reactions during the course of Krebs cycle. GTP is synthesized through substrate level phosphorylation during Krebs cycle.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In alcohol fermentation,
    Solution
    The correct option is A.
    The explanation for the correct option.
    • During fermentation, glucose undergoes glycolysis and yields pyruvic acid, which is then converted to acetyl CoA. 
    • Then glyceraldehyde phosphate is produced, which is then converted to acetaldehyde and this acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol.
    • It is a two-step process. In the first step pyruvic acid is decarboxylated to yield acetaldehyde and CO2. Pyruvic acid is a 3-C compound and acts as an electron donor while acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor.
      Thus,       Triose phosphate is the electron donor, while acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor is the answer.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    How many carbon dioxide is produced by reduction of pyruvate by Kreb's cycle?
    Solution
    From glycolysis of one glucose molecule, 2 pyruvate molecules are produced. Each puruvate produces acetyl CoA molecule and releases carbon dioxide. Also, Kreb's cycle produces 2 carbon dioxide molecules during formation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and succinic acid respectively. Hence, total 3 carbon dioxide molecules are produced from pyruvate by Kreb's cycle.
    Thus, the correct answer is '3.'

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    RQ of which diet is less than unit?
    Solution
    Respiratory quotient (RQ) is defined as volume of carbon dioxide released to volume of oxygen absorbed during the process of aerobic respiration of a substrate. 
    The value of RQ for carbohydrates is unity. 
    Fats are comparatively more reduced. They have much more carbon and less of oxygen. Hence, oxidation of fats requires a lot of oxygen to release same amount of carbon dioxide. As a consequence the value of RQ for oxidation of fats is less than unity.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    All enzymes of the TCA cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix except one, which is located in inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes and in cytosol in prokaryotes. This enzyme is
    Solution
    Krebs cycle (TCA cycle) occurs in mitochondrial matrix and produces reduced coenzymes, like $$NADH_2$$ and $$FADH_2$$. 
    The succinate dehydrogenase enzyme is bound to inner mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate with the simultaneous reduction of FAD to $$FADH_2$$. In prokaryotes also this enzyme is bound to plasma membrane. This enzyme is an important example of membrane bound enzyme.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which enzyme breaks down the fructose 1, 6-diphosphate?
    Solution
    Glucose is a stable molecule and will not break easily. The way to break it is to attach high energy phosphates to it. For this reason only after consuming two molecules of ATP two high energy phosphates are attached to a molecule of glucose to generate fructose 1, 6 bis phosphate (fructose 1,6 diphosphate is old name). This is a highly unstable molecule, because of presence of two high energy phosphates. As soon as fructose 1,6 bisphosphate is synthesized in the next reaction by the action of enzyme aldolase, it is broken down to generate one molecule each of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    During the production of bread, it becomes porous due to the release of $$CO_2$$ formed by the action of
    Solution
    Some microorganisms, like baker's yeast, carry out the process of fermentation (anaerobic respiration). Yeasts carry on alcoholic fermentation. The alcohol and carbon dioxide produced by yeast are vapourised during the baking process. Escape of carbon dioxide during baking process makes bread porous and light in weight.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Acceptor of acetyl Co-A in the Krebs cycle is
    Solution
    During the process of respiration, pyruvic acid is produced in the process of glycolysis. The three carbon atom containing pyruvic acid is oxidatively decarboxylated to two carbon atom containing compound acetyl CoA by the action of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. The acetyl CoA then enters the Krebs cycle. The first reaction of Krebs cycle catalyzed by enzyme citrate synthase. During this one unit of acetyl CoA is fused with one unit of oxaloacetic acid to generate one molecule of citric acid. 

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is the site of Krebs cycle?
    Solution
    Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and oxidizes acetyl-CoA into carbon dioxide with the simultaneous production of reduction coenzymes, like $$NADH_2$$ and $$FADH_2$$.
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