Respiration in Plants Test

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Respiration in Plants Test - 47

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the site for

A
Glycolysis

B
Fermentation

C
Krebs cycle

D
Electron transport chain

E
Photosynthesis

Solution

The electron transport chain is a collection of membrane-embedded proteins and organic molecules. The mitochondrion has an outer membrane and an inner membrane with folds (cisternae). Electron transport chain complexes are found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the action of ATP synthase.
So, the correct answer is 'Electron transport chain'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix?

A
Glycolysis

B
Fermentation

C
Krebs cycle

D
Electron transport chain

E
Photosynthesis
Solution
- Glycolysis and fermentation take place in the cytoplasm of a cell.
- The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix during aerobic respiration followed by an electron transport chain whose component proteins are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, not in the mitochondrial matrix.
- Photosynthesis requires the presence of chlorophyll pigment that is present within the chloroplast.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

In the absence of oxygen, plants will break down sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohols or acids. This pathway likely arose

A
To get the most out phosphorylation per molecule of pyruvate without the ability to utilize respiration.

B
As an alternative process to compete with respiration.

C
To regenerate depleted NAD$$^+$$.

D
Because of human cultivation.

Solution

In absence of O$$_2$$ respiration takes place anaerobically, for release of ATP as a result of this process NADH is converted to NAD$$^+$$
So, the correct answer is 'To regenerate depleted NAD$$^+$$'
Question 4
1 / -0

NADH is a high energy electron carrier molecule. During which reactions is NADH produced?
I. Glycolysis
II. Krebs cycle
III. Conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

A
I only

B
II only

C
I and II only

D
l and Ill only

E
I, II, and III

Solution

I. Glycolysis is basically an anaerobic pathway as it does not use oxygen. It is an enzyme controlled 10 steps reaction by which glucose, fructose or sucrose is reduced to form pyruvic acid with the production of ATP and NADH₂.
II. Krebs cycle is basically a catabolic reaction as it oxidizes acetyl Co-A and organic acids into C‎O₂ and H₂O. One molecule of pyruvic acid after entering into mitochondrion undergoes three decarboxylation and five oxidation steps. On oxidation, one molecule of pyruvic acid through Krebs cycle yields 15 ATP. Krebs cycle involve eight steps to oxidise two molecules of acetyl Co-A produced in transition reaction completely into 4C‎O₂, 10H₂O , 2ATP, 2FADH₂ and 6NADH + H⁺.
III. In the presence of O₂, pyruvic acid is further degraded into Acetyl Co-A in mitochondrion with the help of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. This reaction produces C‎O₂ and reduction of NAD⁺ to NADH₂ takes place.
Hence NADH is produced in all the processes given in the question.
So, the correct answer is 'I, II and III'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Several different molecules carry high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain to generate ATP molecules.
Which of these high-energy electron carriers is only generated in the Krebs cycle?

A
NADPH

B
FADH$$_2$$

C
NADH

D
ATP

Solution

The high energy electron carriers that are generated only during Kreb's cylce is FADH$$_2$$, it also includes NADH and ATP, which are also generated during photosynthesis
So, the correct answer is 'FADH$$_2$$'
Question 6
1 / -0

In the anaerobic process of glycolysis, energy is released from ATP is used to

A
phosphorylate glucose

B
Phosphorylate ADP.

C
Move glucose into the Calvin cycle.

D
Carry ATP to the electron transport chain.

Solution

During glycolysis Glucose is converted to its isomer fructose and is added with two phosphate molecules, forming Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate. Which is then split to two molecules of pyruvic acid.
So, the correct answer is 'phosphorylate glucose'
Question 7
1 / -0

Substrate Level Phosphorylation results in the production of ATP molecules.
During which of the following processes does substrate level phosphorylation occur?
1. Glycolysis
II. Krebs Cycle
III. Electron Transport Chain

A
I only

B
II only

C
III only

D
I and II only

E
II and III only

Solution

Substrate level phosphorylation is the formation of ATP by the direct transfer of phosphate group to ADP. There are total three reactions in respiration where substrate level phosphorylation occurs, two in glycolysis and one in krebs cycle. The reactions are:
1. In glycolysis:
(i) When 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) is converted into 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) by the enzyme Phosphoglcerate kinase.
(ii) When Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is converted into pyruvate by the enzyme Pyruvate kinase.
2. In krebs cycle:
(i) When Succinyl-CoA is converted into Succinate by the enzyme Succinate thiokinase.
Hence, substrate level phosphorylation occurs in Glycolysis and Krebs cycle.
So, the correct answer is 'I and II only'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in yeast and bacteria. What is the function of fermentation?
I. Regenerate $$NAD^+$$ from NADH
II. Produce oxygen as a waste product
Ill. Produce ATP

A
I only

B
II only

C
III only

D
I and II only

E
I and III only

Solution

Fermentation is a type of cellular respiration found in some microorganisms which do not require oxygen i.e. it is anaerobic respiration and results in the formation of ethanol from glucose and release of some amount of energy.
In yeast and bacteria, enzyme is released by the cells in the surrounding medium and the breakdown of substrate takes place outside the cell. The substrate is pyruvate which is formed by glycolysis. The end product is ethyl alcohol, CO₂ and energy. Also, NADH₂ is converted into NAD⁺.
Hence, NAD⁺ is regenerated from NADH.
So, the correct answer is 'I only'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct combination of labeling the molecules involved in the pathway of anaerobic respiration in Yeast.

A
A - Ethanol, B - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, C - Acetaldehyde

B
A - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, B - Ethanol, C - Acetaldehyde

C
A - Acetaldehyde, B - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, C - Ethanol

D
A - Ethanol, B - Acetaldehyde, C - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$

Solution

Glucose is converted into pyruvate by the process of glycolysis with net production of 8 ATP. It is further subjected to aerobic oxidation like TCA and electron transport system and leads to the production of CO$$_2$$, water and ATP. But in an anaerobic condition, the pyruvate undergoes fermentation where the pyruvate is broken down into acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide by the enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase, followed by the conversion of acetaldehyde into ethanol.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which is the correct order for the processes involved in aerobic cellular respiration?

A
Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport chain.

B
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.

C
Glycolysis, fermentation, electron transport chain.

D
Fermentation, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.

E
Glycolysis, electron transport chain, fermentation.

Solution

The process of harvesting chemical energy for metabolic activities in form of ATP by oxidising the food molecule is called respiration. The chemical bond energy stored in various molecules is decomposed or oxidised in this process. The most common substrate used in this pathway is glucose.
Glucose is first converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate by a pathway known as Glycolysis. The pyruvate formed is converted to Acetyl-CoA which then enters Krebs cycle. In Krebs cycle, Acetyl-CoA is oxidised to form CO₂, ATP, NADH, FADH₂. NADH and FADH₂ are used as the reducing power in Electron Transport Chain or ETC to oxidise various enzymes and co-enzymes in ETC which results in synthesis of ATP.
Hence, the correct order for the processes involved in aerobic cellular respiration is Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain.
So, the correct answer is 'Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain'.

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Respiration in Plants Test - 47

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Respiration in Plants Test - 47

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Glycolysis

Fermentation

Krebs cycle

Electron transport chain

Photosynthesis

Solution

Question 2

Glycolysis

Fermentation

Krebs cycle

Electron transport chain

Photosynthesis

Solution

Question 3

To get the most out phosphorylation per molecule of pyruvate without the ability to utilize respiration.

As an alternative process to compete with respiration.

To regenerate depleted NAD$$^+$$.

Because of human cultivation.

Solution

Question 4

I only

II only

I and II only

l and Ill only

I, II, and III

Solution

Question 5

NADPH

FADH$$_2$$

NADH

ATP

Solution

Question 6

phosphorylate glucose

Phosphorylate ADP.

Move glucose into the Calvin cycle.

Carry ATP to the electron transport chain.

Solution

Question 7

I only

II only

III only

I and II only

II and III only

Solution

Question 8

I only

II only

III only

I and II only

I and III only

Solution

Question 9

A - Ethanol, B - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, C - Acetaldehyde

A - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, B - Ethanol, C - Acetaldehyde

A - Acetaldehyde, B - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$, C - Ethanol

A - Ethanol, B - Acetaldehyde, C - $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$

Solution

Question 10

Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport chain.

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.

Glycolysis, fermentation, electron transport chain.

Fermentation, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.

Glycolysis, electron transport chain, fermentation.

Solution

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