Respiration in Plants Test

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Respiration in Plants Test - 71

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Question 1
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
In a eukaryotic cell, most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle are located in the

A
intermembrane space

B
mitochondrial matrix

C
inner mitochondrial membrane

D
plasma membrane
Solution
- Kerb cycle is a part of aerobic respiration.
- After the reaction of glyolysis that takes place in cytoplasm which ends in formation of pyruvic acid.
- The pyruvic acid is converted to Acetyl CoA which will enter the kerb cycle for further reactions.
- For the further reaction in eukaryotic cells the acetyl coA will enter the mitochondria
- This kerb cycle takes place in mitochondria and so that all the enzymes that are required for the cycle are present in the mitochondrial matrix.
- Therefore the correct answer is option 'mitochondrial matrix'.
Question 2
1 / -0

In which of the following processes is acetyl CoA not involved?

A
Fatty acid breakdown

B
Embden-Meyerhof pathway

C
Fatty acid synthesis

D
Transamination
Solution
- Fatty acid break down takes place in the condition of starvation where the fatty acid is broken down to acetyl CoA which takes part in kerb cycle and provides further energy to the body.
- Embden meyerhof pathway is the glycolysis pathway which will produce pyruvic acid at the end of the process that converts in to acetyl CoA which takes part in kerb cycle.
- Sometimes when fatty acid are required the acetyl CoA is taken out of the pathway and converted to fatty acid by the fatty acid synthesis pathway.
- This is done by a reaction between acetyl CoA and NADPH.
- Transamination is the reaction which takes place for the formation of the amino acid by the transfer of the amino group from one amino acid to the other. And acetyl coA does not take part in this reaction for the formation of amino acid.
- Therefore the answer option 'Transamination' is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

Fatty acids are broken down to

A
Pyruvate molecules, which take electrons to the electron transport system

B
Amino acids, which excrete ammonia

C
Acetyl groups, which enter the Krebs cycle

D
All of the above
Solution
- During the time of starvation or in the fasting state when then the level of glucose in the blood is less the whole metabolism process gives priority to see that the brain and the other important organs are providedwith glucose.
- While other organs use other material such as fatty acid and protein for the synthesis of energy by the kerb cycle.
- Fatty acid is the main component that is used in the energy synthesis after carbohydrates as it can be easily stored whereas protein can be used for the energy synthesis but that cannot be stored in the body.
- The fatty acid also cannot direct enter the kerb cycle therefore they are to be broken down to acetyl CoA which is done by the process of beta oxidation.
- Long chain of fatty acid are broken down to the 2 carbon molecule of Acetyl CoA for example Palmitoyl acid is converted to 8 molecules of Acetyl CoA after beta oxidation.
- After bein converted it can enter the kerb cycle.
- Therefore the answer option C is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
The pathway of aerobic respiration is completed in the

A
cytoplasm

B
mitochondrion

C
plasma membrane

D
nucleus
Solution
- Aerobic respiration is the respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen.
- The process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell after which 2 molecules of pyruvic acid is formed per molecule of glucose.
- After which the molecule of pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl CoA and then it enters the kerb cycle which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix as all the enzymes that are used for the process of kerb cycle is present in mitochondria.
- Therefore the process of aerobic respiration starts in the cytoplasm and ends in the mitochondria.
- Therefore the correct answer is the 'mitochondrion'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
Which of these is not true of fermentation?

A
Net gain of only two ATP

B
Occurs in cytosol

C
NADH donates electrons to electron transport system

D
Begins with glucose
Solution
- Fermentation is the process that takes place after the glycolysis in the cells where the anaerobic respiraton occurs due to absence or lack of oxygen.
- Pyruvic acid which is formed at the end of the glycolysis by the break down of the glucose molecule enters the fermentation reaction in the anaerobic cells.
- During fermentation reaction the pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid and one molelcule of NADH is formed per molecule of pyruvic acid.
- This molecule of NADH will only form ATP when it will undergo oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain which takes place in mitochondria, but for this process presence of oxygen is required so the organisms or the cells performing anaerobic respiration cannot perforem this process therefore the NADH formed will not donate electron to the ETS and no ATP will be formed by that.
- Therefore the answer option 'NADH donates electrons to electron transport system' is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?

A
pH of the matrix increases

B
$$NAD^+$$ is oxidised

C
Cytochromes of the chain phosphorylate ADP to form ATP

D
ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport
Solution
- Electron transport chain that is present in the mitochondria transports the electron from from the electron acceptor NADH and FADH from the inner membrane to the inter membrane matrix.
- As the amount of the hydronium ion in the inter membrane matrix increases the pH of the inter membrane matrix decreases.
- The ATP synthase complex which is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane transports the hydronium ions against its electrochemical gradient that is actice transport and for 2 hydronium ions transported one ATP is produced.
- Therefore the correct answer is option 'ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which statement is wrong for Kreb's cycle?

A
There is one point in the cycle where $$FAD^+$$ is reduced to $$FADH_2$$

B
During conversion of succinyl coA to succinic acid, a molecule of GTP is synthesised

C
The cycle starts with condensation of acetyl group (acetyl CoA) with pyruvic acid to yield citric acid

D
There are three points in the cycle where $$NAD^+$$ is reduced to $$NADH+H^+$$

Solution

Kerb's cycle also known as citric acid cycle
It begins with condensation of an acetyl group (acetyl CoA (2C)) with oxaloacetic acid (or pyruvic acid) (4C) to form citric acid (6C) with the addition of water molecule (hydration).
Hence the correct answer is the option 'The cycle starts with condensation of an acetyl group (acetyl CoA) with pyruvic acid to yield citric acid'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the given enzyme is not concerned with the irreversible reaction of glycolytic pathway?

A
Phosphofructo kinase

B
Hexokinase

C
Triose phosphate mutase

D
Pyruvate kinase

Solution

In glycolysis, the reactions catalyzed by hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase are virtually irreversible; hence, these enzymes would be expected to have regulatory as well as catalytic roles.
So the correct answer should be option "Triose phosphate mutase"
Question 9
1 / -0

The three boxes in this diagram represent the three major biosynthetic pathways in aerobic respiration. Arrows represent net reactants or products.

Arrows numbered $$4$$, $$8 $$and $$12$$ can all be

A
$$H_2O$$

B
$$FAD$$ or $$FADH_2$$

C
NADH

D
ATP

Solution

38 ATP molecules are produced during each cycle of cellular respiration. The arrowed numbered 4, 8 and 12 represents the number of ATP produced during each pathways (Glycolysis→Kreb’s cycle) of cellular respiration.
So, the correct option is 'ATP'.
Question 10
1 / -0

The end product of glycolysis is _____________.

A
Pyruvic acid

B
Glucose

C
Ethyl alcohol

D
$${CO}_{2}$$

Solution

Glycolysis is the first step of aerobic respiration in which one glucose molecule gets converted into two pyruvic acid. (as shown in the diagram).

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Respiration in Plants Test - 71

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Respiration in Plants Test - 71

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Question 1

intermembrane space

mitochondrial matrix

inner mitochondrial membrane

plasma membrane

Solution

Question 2

Fatty acid breakdown

Embden-Meyerhof pathway

Fatty acid synthesis

Transamination

Solution

Question 3

Pyruvate molecules, which take electrons to the electron transport system

Amino acids, which excrete ammonia

Acetyl groups, which enter the Krebs cycle

All of the above

Solution

Question 4

cytoplasm

mitochondrion

plasma membrane

nucleus

Solution

Question 5

Net gain of only two ATP

Occurs in cytosol

NADH donates electrons to electron transport system

Begins with glucose

Solution

Question 6

pH of the matrix increases

$$NAD^+$$ is oxidised

Cytochromes of the chain phosphorylate ADP to form ATP

ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport

Solution

Question 7

There is one point in the cycle where $$FAD^+$$ is reduced to $$FADH_2$$

During conversion of succinyl coA to succinic acid, a molecule of GTP is synthesised

The cycle starts with condensation of acetyl group (acetyl CoA) with pyruvic acid to yield citric acid

There are three points in the cycle where $$NAD^+$$ is reduced to $$NADH+H^+$$

Solution

Question 8

Phosphofructo kinase

Hexokinase

Triose phosphate mutase

Pyruvate kinase

Solution

Question 9

$$H_2O$$

$$FAD$$ or $$FADH_2$$

NADH

ATP

Solution

Question 10

Pyruvic acid

Glucose

Ethyl alcohol

$${CO}_{2}$$

Solution

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