Respiration in Plants Test

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Respiration in Plants Test - 72

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which is true about the end products of glycolysis?

A
$$2\,pyruvic \,acid+2ATP+{2NADH}_{2}$$

B
$$2\,pyruvic \,acid+{2NADH}_{2}$$

C
$$1\,pyruvic \,acid+2ATP+{2NADH}_{2}$$

D
$$2\,pyruvic \,acid+1ATP+{1NADH}_{2}$$

Solution

In glycolysis, two molecules of ATP are consumed during two phosphorylation reactions to form fructose 1, 6-biphosphate. In return, four molecules of ATP are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation (conversion of 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate). Two molecules of $${NADH}_{2}$$ are formed at the time of oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate. The net reaction of glycolysis is as follows:

$$Glucose+{2NAD}^{+}+2ADP+{2H}_{3}{PO}_{4}\rightarrow2Pyruvate+2NADH+{2H}^{+}+2ATP$$

Each NADH is equivalent to 3 ATP, so the net gain in glycolysis is 8 ATP.

So the correct answer is '$$2\,pyruvic \,acid+2ATP+{2NADH}_{2}$$'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following steps during glycolysis is associated with utilization of ATP?

A
Glucose $$\rightarrow$$ Glucose-6-phosphate

B
Fructose-6-phosphate $$\rightarrow$$ Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

C
PEP $$\rightarrow$$ Pyruvic acid

D
Both (a) and (b)

Solution

In the initial phase (energy spending phase) of glycolysis, the hexoses (i.e glucose and fructose) are phosphorylated in a reaction that uses ATP at two steps: First in the conversion of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate and second in the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1, 6-biphosphate.
These reactions are catalysed by the hexokinase and phospho-fructokinase respectively.
$$Glucose+ATP\xrightarrow[{Mg}^{2+}]{hexokinase}Glucose-6-phosphate+ADP$$
$$Fructose-6-phosphate+ATP\xrightarrow[{Mg}^{2+}]{Phospho-fructokinase}Fructose-1,6-biphosphate+ADP$$.
So the correct answer is 'Both (a) and (b)'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of these steps in krebs' cycle indicates substrate level phosphorylation?

A
Conversion of succunic acid to a-ketoglutaric acid

B
Conversion of succunic acid to malic acid

C
Conversion of succunyl CoA to succunic acid

D
Conversion of malic acid to oxaloacetic acid

Solution

Succinate thiokinase catalyzes the conversion of succinyl CoA to succinic acid. During this step, CoA is released and one molecule of GTP is formed from GDP. This is a substrate level phosphorylation.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Conversion of succinyl CoA to succinic acid.'
Question 4
1 / -0

Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in _______________.

A
Lactobacillus

B
Muscles of Humans

C
Rhizopus

D
All of these

Solution

Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in fungi such as Rhizopus, yeast, and bacteria.
Lactobacillus and muscles of humans do anaerobic respiration but form lactic acid as an end product. (i.e., Lactic acid fermentation)
So, the correct answer is (C).
Question 5
1 / -0

The net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis during aerobic respiration is

A
0

B
2

C
4

D
8
Solution
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The initial cycle of aerobic respiration is glucose.
At the final stage of the cycle, it generates two pyruvate molecules, which is a net gain of two ATP molecules, and two NADH 2 molecules.
Each formation of 1, 3-biphosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphoglyceric acid and that of 2-phosphoenol pyruvic acid to pyruvic acid produces two molecules of ATP.
However, two of these four molecules of ATP are used during the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-diphosphate.
Two molecules of NADH 2 are produced during the conversion of two molecules of 1, 3-diphosphoglyceraldehyde into two molecules of 1, 3-diphosphoglyceric acid.
During aerobic respiration, each NADH 2 produces three ATP and one water molecule.
Hence, in the process of glycolysis, the net gain of ATP molecules is 8 during aerobic respiration.
Question 6
1 / -0

A test tube containing molasses solution and yeast is kept in a warm place overnight. The gas collected from this mixture

A
Extinguishes the flame

B
Bursts into flame when ignited

C
Turns lime water milky

D
Both (a) and (c)

Solution

Yeast do anaerobic fermentation by consuming sugar and forming ethanol and $$CO_2$$. As Molasses mainly contain sugar, yeast will do anaerobic fermentation of the molasses and forms $$CO_2$$ gas as a by-product.
This $$CO_2$$ gas can (i) extinguishes the flame, and (ii) Turns lime water milky.
So, the correct answer is (D).
Question 7
1 / -0

The flow chart given below shows the steps in glycolysis. Select the option that correctly fills in the missing steps A, B, C, and D.

A
A-Fructose-6-phosphate; B-Fructose-1,6-biphosphate; C- 3-PGAL; D-1,3-biphosphoglyceric acid

B
A- Fructose -1,6-biphosphate ; B- 3-PGAL ; C- 1,3-biphosphoglyceric acid ; D-3 PGAL

C
A- 3PGAL ; B-1,3 biophosphoglyceric acid ; C-3PGAL ; D- Frutose-1,6-biphosphate

D
A- Fructose -1,6-biophosphate ; B-Fructose -6- phosphate ; C-PGAL ; D-1,3- biphosphoglyceric acid

Solution

Glycolysis is a biochemical reaction in which one glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate molecules.
As shown in the diagram showing the step-by-step biochemical reaction in glycolysis. According to this A - Fructose-6-phosphate, B - Fructose-1,6-Biphosphate; C- 3-PGAL; D - 1,3-biphosphoglyceric acid.
So, the correct answer is (A).
Question 8
1 / -0

At the end of glycolysis, X is the net energy gain from one molecule of glucose via Y, but there is also energy stored in the form of Z. identify X, Y, and Z.

A
X- 1 ATP ; Y-Oxidative phosphorylation ; Z - NADH+$$H^+$$

B
X- 2 ATP ; Y-Oxidative phosphorylation ; Z - NADH+$$H^+$$

C
X- 1ATP ; Y-Substrate level phosphorylation ; Z - $$FADH_2$$

D
X- 2ATP ; Y-Substrate level phosphorylation ; Z - NADH+$$H^+$$

Solution

In Glycolysis the net energy gain from one molecule of glucose by phosphorylation of different substrate (i.e., Substrate level phosphorylation) produced 2 ATP. In between this process, $$2NAD^+$$ gets reduced and stored as an energy source to use later.
Thus, X- 2ATP, Y- Substrate level phosphorylation, Z- $$NADH$$ + $$H^+$$.
So, the correct option is (D).
Question 9
1 / -0

Study the given steps of glycolysis and identify the enzymes (i), (ii), and (iii) responsible for carrying out these steps.

A
Phosphohexose - (i), Phosphofructokinase - (ii), Aldolase - (iii)

B
Hexokinase - (i), Phosphofructokinase - (ii), Aldolase - (iii)

C
Phosphohexose - (i), Hexokinase - (ii), Phosphofructokinase - (iii)

D
Aldolase - (i), Phosphofructokinase - (ii), Phosphohexose isomerase - (iii)
Solution
The four regulatory enzymes are hexokinase, phosphohexose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, and, aldolase, etc.
Glucose gets converted into glucose-6-phosphate with the help of hexokinase.
Then, glucose-6-phosphate gets converted into fructose-6-phosphate with the help of phosphohexose isomerase.
Fructose-6-phosphate gets converted into fructose-1,6-biphosphate with the help of phosphofructokinase.
Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate gets converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate with the help of aldolase.
So, the correct answer is (A).
Question 10
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
Identify A,B and C in the given reaction of lactic acid fermentation and select the correct option.
$$Pyruvic\,\, acid+A\overset{Lactate \,\,dehydrogenase}{\underset{FMN,{Zn}^{2+}}{\rightleftharpoons}}B+C$$

A
A-NADH ; B- Lactic acid + $$CO_2$$ ; C- $$NAD^+$$

B
A-NADH ; B- Lactic acid ; C- $$NAD^+$$

C
A-$$NAD^+$$; B- Lactic acid ; C- NADH

D
A-$$NAD^+$$; B-Lactic acid + $$CO_2$$; C-NADH

Solution

from the diagram, we can say
So, the correct option is 'A-NADH; B- Lactic acid; C- NAD+'.