Respiration in Plants Test

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Respiration in Plants Test - 73

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
Identify X,Y and Z in the given diagram of Citric acid cycle and select the correct option.

A
X-GTP; Y-$$NADH_2$$;Z-$$FADH_2$$

B
X-$$FADH_2$$; Y- $$NADH_2$$; Z-GTP

C
X-$$NADH_2$$; Y-$$FADH_2$$ ; Z- GTP

D
X-$$CO_2$$ ; Y- $$NADH_2$$ ; Z-$$ADP$$

Solution

In Kreb’s cycle, during the conversion of alpha-ketoglutaric acid to succinyl CoA involves the release of a molecule of NADH$$_2$$, the conversion of succinyl CoA to succinate involves the release of one molecule of GTP, and the conversion of succinic acid to fumaric acid involves the release of a molecule of FADH$$_2$$.
So, the correct answer is X-$$NADH_2$$; Y-$$FADH_2$$ ; Z- GTP
Question 2
1 / -0

Select the correct option:Fermentation is represented by the equation

A
$${C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6O}_{2}\rightarrow{6CO}_{2}+{6H}_{2}O+686 Kcal$$

B
$${C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}\rightarrow{2C}_{2}{H}_{5}OH+{2CO}_{2}+59 Kcal$$

C
$${6CO}_{2}+{12H}_{2}O\xrightarrow[Chlorophyll]{Light}{C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6H}_{2}O+{6O}_{2}$$

D
$${6CO}_{2}+{6H}_{2}O\rightarrow{C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6O}_{2}$$

Solution

Fermentation can be described as an enzyme-catalyzed process in which one substrate is usually broken down by the enzymes produced by bacteria, yeast, and other microorganisms. Fermentation of glucose results in the formation of ethanol and carbon monoxide. This is an exothermic reaction and results in the release of energy.
Thus, the correct answer is ' C$$_6$$H$$_{12)$$O$$_6$$→2C$$_2$$H$$_5$$OH+2CO$$_2$$+59Kcal.'
Question 3
1 / -0

Acetyl CoA is produced from pyruvate by

A
oxidative decarboxylation

B
oxidative photophosphorylation

C
oxidative hydrogenation

D
oxidative photorespiration.

Solution

Acetyl CoA is produced from pyruvate by the process of oxidative decarboxylation in the presence of an enzyme called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). The by-products of this reaction are carbon dioxide and NADH.
Thus, the correct answer is 'oxidative decarboxylation.'
Question 4
1 / -0

The fate of pyruvic acid during aerobic respiration is

A
Lactic acid fermentation

B
Alcoholic fermentation

C
Oxidative decarboxylation

D
Oxidative phosphorylation

Solution

During aerobic respiration, pyruvic acid which is formed during glycolysis enters the mitcohondrial matrix. It undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to produce $${CO}_{2}$$ and NADH. The product combines with sulfur-containing co-enzyme A to form acetyl CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase. This step is called link reaction or gateway step as it links glycolysis with Krebs' cycle.

$$Pyruvic \,\,acid+COA+{NAD}^{+}\xrightarrow[Pyruvate \,\,dehydrogenase]{ Mg^{2+}}Acetyl \,CoA+{CO}_{2}+NADH+{H}^{+}$$
So the correct answer is 'Oxidative decarboxylation'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Krebs' cycle is also called metabolic sink as it is a common pathway for

A
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins (amino acids)

B
Carbohydrates and fats only

C
Carbohydrates and organic acids only

D
Proteins and fats only

Solution

Krebs' cycle also known as TCA cycle or citric acid cycle, is a common pathway of oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids. Amino acids enter the Krebs' cycle directly as glutamate (for $$\alpha$$-Ketoglutarate) and aspartate (for oxaloacetate) after their deamination. Fats produce fatty acids and glycerol. Glycerol is phosphorylated and oxidized to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Fatty acids undergo $$\beta$$-oxidation to produce acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA enters Krebs' cycle.
So the correct answer is 'Carbohydrates, fats and proteins (amino acids)'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is a 4-carbon compound?

A
Oxaloacetic acid

B
Phosphoglyceric acid

C
Ribulose bisphosphate

D
Phosphoenol pyruvate
Solution
Oxaloacetic acid is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO₂CCCH₂CO₂H which is used a reactant combine with acetyl coenzyme A and form citric acid in the condensation reaction of Kreb's cycle.
So the correct option is 'Oxaloacetic acid'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Select the correct option:
What does A,B and C depict in the given pathways of anaerobic respiration?

A
A-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; B- $$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$; C-$$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$

B
A-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C-$$NAD^+ \rightarrow NADH+H^+$$

C
A-$$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C- $$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$

D
A-$$NAD^+\rightarrow+H^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C- $$NAD^+ \rightarrow NADH+ H^+$$

Solution

In glycolysis, NAD+ oxidises glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by acting as a reducing agent and convert it to 3-phosphoglyceric acid.
($$NAD^+ {+\, {H^+}}$$ $$\rightarrow {NADH}$$)
In the absence of oxygen Pyruvic acid to either Lactic acid or ethanol depending on the organism.
1. In Lactic acid fermentation - pyruvic acid converts into Lactate while regenerating the $$NAD+$$.
($$NADH \rightarrow {NAD^+} + {H^+}$$)
2. In Alcoholic fermentation - pyruvic acid converts into ethanol while regenerating the $$NAD^+$$.
($$NADH \rightarrow {NAD^+} + {H^+}$$)
So, the correct answer is (C).
Question 8
1 / -0

Which step is called a gateway step/link reaction in aerobic respiration?

A
Glycolysis

B
Formation of acetyl coenzyme A

C
Citric acid formation

D
ETS terminal oxidation

Solution

During aerobic respiration, pyruvic acid which is formed during glycolysis enters the mitochondrial matrix. It undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to produce $${CO}_{2}$$ and NADH. The product combines with sulfur-containing co-enzyme A to form acetyl CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase. This step is called link reaction or gateway step as it links glycolysis with Krebs' cycle.$$Pyruvic \,\,acid+COA+{NAD}^{+}\xrightarrow[Pyruvate \,\,dehydrogenase]{ Mg^{2+}}Acetyl\,\, CoA+{CO}_{2}+NADH+{H}^{+}$$
So the correct answer is 'Formation of acetyl coenzyme A'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Site of Krebs' cycle in mitochondria is

A
Outer membrane

B
Matrix

C
Oxysomes

D
Inner membrane
Question 10
1 / -0

Select the option that correctly fills the blanks in the following statements.
A. Glucose has (i) carbon atoms, pyruvic acid has (ii) carbon atoms and the acetyl group has (iii) carbon atoms.
B. Electrons enter the electron transport system as parts of hydrogen atoms attached to (i) and (ii).

A
A-(i)-6,(ii)-4,(iii)-3 ; B -(i)-NADH , (ii)- $$FADH_2$$

B
A-(i)-6,(ii)-3,(iii)-2 ; B- (i)-NADH , (ii)- $$FADH_2$$

C
A-(i)-6,(ii)-3,(iii)-2 ; B-ATP , (ii)- GTP

D
A-(i)-6,(ii)-4,(iii)-3 ; B-ATP , (ii)- GTP

Solution

A. i- Glucose molecule has 6 carbon atoms. It is a monosaccharide It is produced during the Calvin cycle.
ii. Pyruvic acid has 3 carbon atoms. It produces during the glycolytic breakdown of glucose into 2 pyruvic acids.
iii Pyruvic acid generated in the glycolysis enters in the mitochondrial matrix, undergoes oxidative decarboxylation and forms 2 carbon acetyl Co=A which enters in Kreb's cycle.
B. The metabolic pathway through which the electron passes from one carrier to another is called an electron transport system. The steps in the respiratory process are to release and utilise the energy stored in NADH + H$$^+$$ and FADH$$_2$$.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(i)-6, (ii)-3, (iii)-2; B-(i)-NADH, (ii)- FADH$$_2$$'.

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Respiration in Plants Test - 73

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Respiration in Plants Test - 73

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Question 1

X-GTP; Y-$$NADH_2$$;Z-$$FADH_2$$

X-$$FADH_2$$; Y- $$NADH_2$$; Z-GTP

X-$$NADH_2$$; Y-$$FADH_2$$ ; Z- GTP

X-$$CO_2$$ ; Y- $$NADH_2$$ ; Z-$$ADP$$

Solution

Question 2

$${C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6O}_{2}\rightarrow{6CO}_{2}+{6H}_{2}O+686 Kcal$$

$${C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}\rightarrow{2C}_{2}{H}_{5}OH+{2CO}_{2}+59 Kcal$$

$${6CO}_{2}+{12H}_{2}O\xrightarrow[Chlorophyll]{Light}{C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6H}_{2}O+{6O}_{2}$$

$${6CO}_{2}+{6H}_{2}O\rightarrow{C}_{6}{H}_{12}{O}_{6}+{6O}_{2}$$

Solution

Question 3

oxidative decarboxylation

oxidative photophosphorylation

oxidative hydrogenation

oxidative photorespiration.

Solution

Question 4

Lactic acid fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation

Oxidative decarboxylation

Oxidative phosphorylation

Solution

Question 5

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins (amino acids)

Carbohydrates and fats only

Carbohydrates and organic acids only

Proteins and fats only

Solution

Question 6

Oxaloacetic acid

Phosphoglyceric acid

Ribulose bisphosphate

Phosphoenol pyruvate

Solution

Question 7

A-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; B- $$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$; C-$$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$

A-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C-$$NAD^+ \rightarrow NADH+H^+$$

A-$$NAD^+\rightarrow NADH+H^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C- $$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$

A-$$NAD^+\rightarrow+H^+$$; B-$$NADH+H^+\rightarrow NAD^+$$; C- $$NAD^+ \rightarrow NADH+ H^+$$

Solution

Question 8

Glycolysis

Formation of acetyl coenzyme A

Citric acid formation

ETS terminal oxidation

Solution

Question 9

Outer membrane

Matrix

Oxysomes

Inner membrane

Question 10

A-(i)-6,(ii)-4,(iii)-3 ; B -(i)-NADH , (ii)- $$FADH_2$$

A-(i)-6,(ii)-3,(iii)-2 ; B- (i)-NADH , (ii)- $$FADH_2$$

A-(i)-6,(ii)-3,(iii)-2 ; B-ATP , (ii)- GTP

A-(i)-6,(ii)-4,(iii)-3 ; B-ATP , (ii)- GTP

Solution

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