Plant Growth and Development Test

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 27

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Question 1
1 / -0

The hormone that is used to keep flowers fresh is

A
Auxin

B
Gibberellic acid

C
Cytokinin

D
Ethylene

Solution

Cytokinin helps in delaying senescence in plant parts that are cut like flowers and are used to keep cut flowers fresh i.e. increases shelf life of the cut flowers.

So, the correct answer is 'Cytokinin'.
Question 2
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Directions For Questions

Auxins promote stem elongation, inhibit growth of lateral buds (maintains apical dominance). They are produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. Example: Indole Acetic (IAA). Auxin is a plant hormone produced in the stem tip that promotes cell elongation. Auxin moves to the darker side of the plant, causing the cells there to grow larger than corresponding cells on the lighter side of the plant. This produces a curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant movement known as phototropism. Gibberellins promote stem elongation. They are not produced in stem tip. Gibberellic acid was the first of this of hormone to be discovered. Cytokinins promote cell division. They are produced in growing areas, such as meristems at tip of the shoot. Zeatin is a hormone in this class, and occurs in corn (Zea). Abscisic Acid promotes seed dormancy by inhibiting cell growth. It is also involved in opening and closing of stomata as leaves wilt. Ethylene is a gas produced by ripe fruits. Why does one bad apple spoil the whole bunch? Ethylene is used to ripen crops at the same time. Sprayed on a field it will cause all fruits to ripen at the same time so they can be harvested.

...view full instructions

The substance that accelerates the growth in the stem is .......

A
Auxin

B
Cytokinin

C
Enzyme

D
Vitamin

Solution

Auxin stimulates cell division and differentiation.
Natural auxin is named as Indole Acetic Acid (IAA)
Question 3
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Which statement is correct about auxin?

A

The stimulate root initiation

B
They promote the growth of shoot.

C
They influence the formation of flower and ripening of fruit.

D
All of the above.

Solution

Auxins (IAA) are responsible for the functions like:
(a) Promotes cell growth and elongation of the plant - In the elongation process, auxin alters the plant wall plasticity making it easier for the plant to grow upwards.
(b) Influences rooting formations.
(c) Responsible for apical dominance and phototropism.
Question 4
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Cytokinins are known to

A
Inhibit cytoplasmic movement.

B
Help in retention of chlorophyll.

C
Influence water movement.

D
Promote abscission layer formation.

Solution

Cytokinins perform several other functions:
- Stimulates cell division.
- Stimulates morphogenesis in tissue culture.
- Stimulates the growth of lateral buds.
- Stimulates leaf expansion.
- Enhance stomatal opening
Question 5
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Choose the false statement.

A
Negative geotropism in horizontal stems is caused by accumulation of auxins on the lower side.

B
Pineapple can be made to flower in off season by the application of ethylene.

C
The ratio of auxin to cytokinin controls cell differentiation.

D
Large sized grapes can be produced through cytokinin treatment.
Solution
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
- If a shoot is placed horizontally in the absence of light: Auxins accumulate on the lower side of the shoot, due to gravity. Cells on the lower side grow more quickly. The shoot bends upwards. This is called negative geotropism.
- Pineapple is not a kind of climacteric fruit. However, ethylene exposure will activate chitinase (which is a type of enzyme that breaks down chitin, a structural material inside plants), and cause softening of the pineapple.
- The pioneering work has shown that a high auxin/cytokinin ratio induces root regeneration, whereas a low ratio promotes shoot induction (Skoog and Miller, 1957).
- Gibberellic acid makes the grapes long and cylindrical, while other chemicals can give them a rounder physique.
- Hence, the large-sized grapes that can be produced with cytokinin treatment is a false statement.
Question 6
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Which of the following has auxin like property?

A
$$\alpha$$-Naphthalene acetic acid

B
$$\beta$$-Naphthalene acetic acid

C
Both (A) and (B)

D
None of the above

Solution

Alpha naphthalene acetic acid and beta napthalene acetic acid have auxin like property. NAA (Alpha naphthalene acetic acid and beta napthalene acetic acid) is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial plants rooting horticultural products; it is rooting agent and used for the vegetative propagation of plants from the stem and leaf cutting.
Question 7
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Directions For Questions

Auxins promote stem elongation, inhibit growth of lateral buds (maintains apical dominance). They are produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. Example: Indole Acetic (IAA). Auxin is a plant hormone produced in the stem tip that promotes cell elongation. Auxin moves to the darker side of the plant, causing the cells there to grow larger than corresponding cells on the lighter side of the plant. This produces a curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant movement known as phototropism. Gibberellins promote stem elongation. They are not produced in stem tip. Gibberellic acid was the first of this of hormone to be discovered. Cytokinins promote cell division. They are produced in growing areas, such as meristems at tip of the shoot. Zeatin is a hormone in this class, and occurs in corn (Zea). Abscisic Acid promotes seed dormancy by inhibiting cell growth. It is also involved in opening and closing of stomata as leaves wilt. Ethylene is a gas produced by ripe fruits. Why does one bad apple spoil the whole bunch? Ethylene is used to ripen crops at the same time. Sprayed on a field it will cause all fruits to ripen at the same time so they can be harvested.

...view full instructions

The hormone that is used to keep flowers fresh is ......

A
Auxin

B
Gibberellic acid

C
Cytokinin

D
Ethylene

Solution

Cytokinins are compounds with a structure resembling adenine which promote cell division and have other similar functions to kinetin. Kinetin was the first cytokinin discovered and so named because of the compounds ability to promote cytokinesis (cell division).
Question 8
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Went demonstrated the role of auxins using ..............

A
Root tips

B
Coleoptiles

C
Callus tissue

D
Lateral meristems

Solution

Went explained about activity of auxin with the help of assay on coleoptile. The Avena geo-curvature test is a bioassay for auxin-type growth regulators. Etiolated oat coleoptiles are used and the test is conducted in special perspex trays under diffuse day light.
Question 9
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In unisexual plants, the sex can be changed by

A
Ethanol

B
Auxin

C
Cytokinin

D
ABA

Solution

In unisexual plants, auxin is the plant hormone which is responsible for the sex changed. Application of auxin increases the number of female flowers and decreases the number of male flowers.
For example, The flowers of plant like cucumber are unisexual, both male and female flowers are borne on the same plant but these plants produce a large number of male flowers and produce only a few female flowers. Application of auxin will reverse this condition. Hence option B is correct.
Question 10
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Which one of the following is not true?

A
Growth is restricted to living cells.

B
The increase in size of a dry seed soaked in water is the outcome of growth.

C
Growth is accomplished by metabolic processes.

D
The causative force of cell growth is turgor pressure.

Solution

Dry seed, when soaked in water, will become turgid. This is not characterized as growth. This is due to imbibition in which water moves from higher concentration to lower concentration.
Growth can only be accomplished to a living cell by some metabolic processes.
Thus, the correct answer is (B).

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 27

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 27

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Question 1

Auxin

Gibberellic acid

Cytokinin

Ethylene

Solution

Question 2

Auxin

Cytokinin

Enzyme

Vitamin

Solution

Question 3

The stimulate root initiation

They promote the growth of shoot.

They influence the formation of flower and ripening of fruit.

All of the above.

Solution

Question 4

Inhibit cytoplasmic movement.

Help in retention of chlorophyll.

Influence water movement.

Promote abscission layer formation.

Solution

Question 5

Negative geotropism in horizontal stems is caused by accumulation of auxins on the lower side.

Pineapple can be made to flower in off season by the application of ethylene.

The ratio of auxin to cytokinin controls cell differentiation.

Large sized grapes can be produced through cytokinin treatment.

Solution

Question 6

$$\alpha$$-Naphthalene acetic acid

$$\beta$$-Naphthalene acetic acid

Both (A) and (B)

None of the above

Solution

Question 7

Auxin

Gibberellic acid

Cytokinin

Ethylene

Solution

Question 8

Root tips

Coleoptiles

Callus tissue

Lateral meristems

Solution

Question 9

Ethanol

Auxin

Cytokinin

ABA

Solution

Question 10

Growth is restricted to living cells.

The increase in size of a dry seed soaked in water is the outcome of growth.

Growth is accomplished by metabolic processes.

The causative force of cell growth is turgor pressure.

Solution

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