Plant Growth and Development Test

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 30

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following chemical is being commercially used in India to increase the size and length of the bunch of grapes?

A
Insecticides

B
Gibberellins

C
Cytokinenin

D
Kinetin
Solution
- Gibberellic acid is the most common GA used commercially. It can be readily obtained in large quantities from fermentations of the fungus Gibberella fujikori.
- Almost all seedless grapes on the market are treated with GA$$_3$$. It substitutes for the presence of seeds, which would normally be the source of native GAs for fruit growth.
- Repeated spraying with GA$$_3$$ increases both rachis length and fruit size. The increased rachis length prevents the cluster from being too compact, and this reduces the chance of fungal growth inside the cluster.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

Foolish seedling disease of rice is associated with ..........

A
$${GA_3}$$

B
IAA

C
Auxins

D
Cytokinins

Solution

Farmers in Asia were well aware of a disease of rice plants called bakane disease, which is also known as foolish seedling disease in Japan. Infected plants would grow excessively taller than the rest of the rice in the paddy, fall over, and be unharvestable. This disease was found to be caused by one fungus, called as Gibberella fujikori. Work on this physiology problem of Japan occurred in 20th century. Scientists in 1950s rediscovered this work and extracted a range of chemicals that elicit the growth response in seedlings. These are now known as gibberellins. Since that time, close to 100 slightly different gibberellins have been identified chemically.
Question 3
1 / -0

Zeatin has been obtained from

A
Wheat

B
Rice

C
Maize

D
Oat

Solution

Zeatin is a plant hormone derived from the purine base called adenine. It belongs to the family of plant growth hormones called cytokinins and was discovered in immature corn kernels from the genus Zea. It has been obtained from maize.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Ethylene is a ............

A
Gaseous hormone

B
Largest hormone

C
Liquid-gas mixture

D
Solid hormone

Solution

Ethylene is a gas that forms through the breakdown of methionine, which is in all cells. Ethylene has very limited solubility in water and does not accumulate within the cell but diffuses out of the cell and escapes out of the plant. Its effectiveness as a plant hormone is dependent on its rate of production versus its rate of escaping into the atmosphere. Ethylene is produced at a faster rate in rapidly growing and dividing cells, especially in darkness.
Question 5
1 / -0

For which of the following, a phytohormone which increases the production of starch hydrolyzing enzymes during the germination of maize seed, is employed?

A
Increasing the vase - life period of flowers

B
Induction of seedless fruits in grapes

C
Acceleration of ripening of banana fruits

D
Eradication of dicot weeds

Solution

Giberellin is a phytohormone which increases the production of starch hydrolyzing enzymes during the germination of maize . It also accounts for the production of seedless fruits in grapes. GAs are plant hormones which regulate growth and influence various developmental processes including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, sex expression and enzyme induction
So, the correct answer is 'Induction of seedless fruits in grapes'
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following are the properties of auxin?

A
Elongation

B
Apical dominance

C
Femaleness in flowers

D
Parthenocarpy

E
All of the above

Solution

Auxin is a plant hormone which has several roles in the growth of plant. It is involved in phototropism, geotropism and hydrotropism. It stimulates cell elongation by stimulating factor such as elastin. It also stimulates cell division along with cytokinins. It promotes root initiation. It also induces shoot apical dominance. Auxin inhibits auxillary bud formation. It delays fruit senescence. It also promotes parthenocarpy in fruits with unfertilized seeds. In low concentration, it inhibits ethylene biosynthesis; however, in high concentration, it stimulates ethylene production. This in turn induces femaleness in flowers of some species.
Thus, the correct answer is option E.
Question 7
1 / -0

Seedless watermelons are obtained by .............

A
Tripoidy

B
Gibberellin application

C
Haploidy

D
Vegetative propagation

Solution

Gibberellins are the phytohormones which plays a great role in promoting growth in plants. It also promotes the production of parthenocarpic, that is seedless fruits. It promotes the elongation of stem and was first isolated from Giberella fujikori, a fungi.
Question 8
1 / -0

Parthenocarpic development of fruit is brought about by ..............

A
NAA and 2-T

B
2, 4, 5-T

C
2, 4-D

D
None of the above

Solution

Parthenocarpy is a method adopted to have seedless fruit. Parthenocarpy have been introduced in many crops like cucumber, tomato, bottle gourd, brinjal, cucurbits, watermelons, etc. by exogenous application of phytohormones like auxins, gibberellins and cytokinin. Stewart and Condit in 1949 found out that sprayings of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T will induce parthenocarpic fruits. 2,4-T not only induces parthenocarpic fruits but it also causes early maturation of fruits.
Question 9
1 / -0

2,4 D is a .....................

A
Weedicide

B
Pesticide

C
Fertilizer

D
Insecticide
Solution
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
2,4 D or 2,4 dichloro phenoxy acetic acid is a synthetic auxin.
It is a common weedicide widely used in killing broad-leaf weeds eg. dandelions and daisies, in cereal crops or lawns.
When given it acts as a plant hormone auxin, absorbed by the leaves of the plant and causes uncontrolled growth in them, eventually leading to death.
Hence, the correct answer is Weedicide.
Question 10
1 / -0

Ethylene is involved in .........................

A
Aerobic respiration

B
Anaerobic respiration

C
Climacteric respiration

D
Fermentation

Solution

Ethylene is an important natural plant hormone, used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. Binding of ethylene to the receptors unleashes a signaling cascade that leads to activation of transcription factors and the turning on of gene expression. The climacteric is a stage of fruit ripening associated with increased ethylene production and a rise in cellular respiration.

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 30

Result

Plant Growth and Development Test - 30

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Insecticides

Gibberellins

Cytokinenin

Kinetin

Solution

Question 2

$${GA_3}$$

IAA

Auxins

Cytokinins

Solution

Question 3

Wheat

Rice

Maize

Oat

Solution

Question 4

Gaseous hormone

Largest hormone

Liquid-gas mixture

Solid hormone

Solution

Question 5

Increasing the vase - life period of flowers

Induction of seedless fruits in grapes

Acceleration of ripening of banana fruits

Eradication of dicot weeds

Solution

Question 6

Elongation

Apical dominance

Femaleness in flowers

Parthenocarpy

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Tripoidy

Gibberellin application

Haploidy

Vegetative propagation

Solution

Question 8

NAA and 2-T

2, 4, 5-T

2, 4-D

None of the above

Solution

Question 9

Weedicide

Pesticide

Fertilizer

Insecticide

Solution

Question 10

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

Climacteric respiration

Fermentation

Solution

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