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Plant Growth and Development Test - 51

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 51
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Differentiation occurs in
    Solution
    • Differentiation occurs in both external and internal features. The formation of two polar axis, i.e., differentiation of roots and shoots is the best example of external differentiation. 
    • This differentiation occurs very early during embryonic development. The other example is the differentiation of the vegetative and reproductive phases.
    Thus option C is the correct answer. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Differentiation of organs and tissues in a developing organism, is associated with
    Solution
                Option D 
    Solution          Differential expression of genes
    The action or process by which a cell changes from 
    one type to another usually changes to more
    specialised type. 

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Formation of cork cambium from fully differentiated parenchyma cell is an example of
    Solution
    Cambium is the layer which forms Cork and acts as a secondary meristem from a layer of collenchyma or parenchyma immediately beneath the epidermis. The cells which produce from cork cambium will differentiate and will get mature to perform a specialized function. The living cells which lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of the division under certain conditions is called as 'Dedifferentiation.'
    So the correct option is 'Dedifferentiation.'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Vernalization is
    Solution
    In many plants, the temperature has a profound effect on flowering. Some plants do not flower under the inductive photoperiod conditions but flower when a cold temperature treatment is given to them. This acquisition or acceleration of the ability to flower by a chilling treatment is said to be vernalization. It is the method of inducing early flowering in plants by pretreatments of their seeds at a very low temperature. Thus option C is the correct answer. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Perishable vegetables can be maintained fresh for a longer period by spraying on them with a solution of 
    Solution
    • Cytokinins are plant growth hormones. They are amino derivatives. These hormones promote cell division in plants.
    • They also slow down the process of senescence. When the leaves are treated with cytokinins, these allow the mesophyll cells to produce more nutrients.
    • Hence, perishable vegetables are sprayed with a solution of cytokinin to keep them fresh for a longer time and increase their shelf life. They also prevent chlorophyll degradation.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is a growth regulator produced by plants?
    Solution
    Zeatin is a plant hormone called as a cytokinin. It was discovered in the corn carnel of the genus Zea and thus called as zeatin by F Skoog in 1950s. It promotes cell division, delayed seed dormancy and leaf senescence.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a gaseous hormone?
    Solution
    • Ethylene is a gaseous hormone, which stimulates transverse or isodiametric growth but retards the longitudinal one. 
    • It is a gas that forms through the break down of methionine, which is in all cells. 
    • It has very limited solubility in water and does not accumulate within the cell but diffuses out of the cell and escapes out of the plant.
    • Thus, the correct option is D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Cell elongation in internodal regions of the green plants taken place due to
    Solution
    Gibberellin is the growth regulator that regulates the developmental cycle of higher plants. It stimulates the cell elongation in the internodal region by altering the rheological property of the cell wall and as a result, the cell gets lengthen. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Seedless fruits can be induced by
    Solution
    Auxin is the hormone in plants which induces parthenocarpy.  It is the production of fruit without fertilization of ovules. Thus, forming seedless fruits. Gibberellin is a phytohormone which accounts for the production of seedless fruits in grapes. Seedless fruits can be induced by treating unfertilized plant flowers with auxins (Indole acetic acid). These hormones reach the threshold concentration prior to pollination and thus resulting in seedless fruits.
    So, the correct answer is 'IAA and $$GA_3$$'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Elongation of internode is caused by
    Solution
    Ethylene helps in parthenocarpy. Gibberellin is a growth promoter hormone which is produced by the mevalonic acid as the precursor. It helps in the elongation of the internode and breaks the dormancy of seed. Abscisic acid is an antitranspirant and induces seed dormancy. Cytokinin mainly helps in cell differentiation and cell division. So, the correct answer is option B.
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