Plant Growth and Development Test

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Plant Growth and Development Test - 70

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following is the effect of a plant hormone, which is synthesized more in the absence of light?

A
Inhibits the development of seedless fruits

B
Responsible for closing of stomata

C
Induces the dormancy of seeds

D
Length of internodes increases
Question 2
1 / -0

An irreversible or permanent increase in size, mass or volume of a cell, organ or organism is called as ________.

A
growth

B
differentiation

C
dedifferentiation

D
development

Solution

Growth is defined as a permanent or irreversible increase in thy weight, size, mass or volume of a cell, organ or organism.
Question 3
1 / -0

Cytokinins helps to produce all except

A
New leaves

B
Chloroplast in leaves

C
Lateral short growth and adventitious shoot formation

D
Rooting on cut stem

Solution

Cytokinins are plant hormones that cause increased cell division by stimulating the process of mitosis. They help in the production of new leaves, formation of chloroplasts in leaves, lateral shoot growth and adventitious shoot formation. They do not have any role in root formation. So, the correct option is 'Rooting on the cut stem'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Read the following statements regarding arithmetic growth and select the correct answer.
(i) Rate of growth is constant.
(ii) One daughter cell remains meristematic while the other one differentiates and matures.
(iii) Mathematical expression is $$L_t\,=\,L_0\,+\,rt$$.

A
Statements (i) and (ii) are correct.

B
Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.

C
Statements (i) and (ii) are correct

D
All statements are correct.

Solution

Increase in growth per unit time is called as growth rate. The growth rate may be arithmetic or geometrical. Arithmetic Growth is a type of growth in which the rate of growth is constant and increase in growth occurs in arithmetic progression-- 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12. Meristematic cells at the growing point divide in such a fashion that one daughter cell remains meristematic while the other grows and differentiates. the process continues. Mathematically, arithmetic growth is expressed as
$$L_t\,=\,L_0\,+\,rt;$$
where $$L_t\,=$$ length after time t, $$L_0$$ = length at the beginning, and r = growth rate. On plotting growth against time, a linear graph is obtained.
So, the correct answer is 'All statements are correct.'
Question 5
1 / -0

Increased vacuolation, cell enlargement and new cell wall deposition are the characteristics of cells in phase of growth.

A
Meristematic

B
Elongation

C
Maturation

D
Differentiation
Solution
- Phases of plant cell growth includes:
- Meristematic phase- The cells in the apex region of root and shoot have large nuclei, rich in protoplasm and cell walls are thin.
- Elongation phase- In this phase, cells enlarge, size of vacuole increases and new cell wall deposition takes place.
- Maturation phase- In this phase, cells mature and attains maximum size.
Differentiation- In this region, cells divide continuously.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Elongation.'
Question 6
1 / -0

The factors which influence growth are ___________.

A
nutrients

B
water, oxygen

C
light, temperature

D
all of these.

Solution

Growth involves synthesis of more protoplasm, cell division, cell enlargement and cell differentiation. It is, therefore, influenced by all those factors which influence biosynthetic machinery such as availability of water, oxygen, optimum temperature, optimum light, minerals, gravity etc.
Question 7
1 / -0

Cells of tracheary elements (tracheids and vessels) become dead at maturity and lose their protoplasm due to the deposition of lignocellulosic cell wall thickenings. This is an example of

A
Growth

B
Differentiation

C
Dedifferentiation

D
Redifferentiation

Solution

The cells derived from root apical and shoot apical meristems and cambium differentiate and mature to perform specific functions. This process leading to maturation of cells is termed as differentiation. During differentiation, cells undergo few to major structural changes both in their cell walls and protoplasm e.g., to form a tracheary element the cells would lose their protoplasm, they also develop strong, elastic, lignocellulosic secondary cell walls, to carry water to long distances even under extreme tension.
So, the correct answer is 'Differentiation'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Growth in plants is

A
Only determinate

B
Only indeterminate

C
Mostly determinate

D
Both determinate and indeterminate
Solution
The meristem which is consumed in the formation of an organ is called determinate meristem. The meristem which continues its activity throughout the life of the plant is called indeterminate meristem.
Root apical meristem, shoot apical meristem, intercalary meristem (e.g., grass) and lateral meristems are all indeterminate meristems.
Plant growth is generally indeterminate, i.e., plants retain the capacity for unlimited growth throughout their life, whereas it is determinate in the meristem which is consumed in the formation of an organ.
So, the correct answer is 'Both determinate and indeterminate.
Question 9
1 / -0

Select the incorrect statement among the following.

A
Increase in growth per unit time is growth rate.

B
A sigmoid growth curve is a characteristic of most living organisms in their natural environment.

C
Rate of growth is constant during geometrical growth.

D
Exponential phase is also called as log phase.

Solution

Geometric growth is quite common in unicellular organisms when grown in nutrient rich medium. Here, every cell divides. The daughter cells grow and divide, the grand daughter cells repeat the process and so on. Number of cells is initially small so that initial growth is slow. Later on, there is rapid growth at exponential rate (log or exponential growth).
Question 10
1 / -0

__________ are the examples of tissues, formed by dedifferentiation.

A
Interfascicular cambium

B
Cork cambium

C
Both (a) and (b)

D
Tracheary elements

Solution

Interfascicular cambium is the cambium formed by dedifferentiation of cells forming the ground tissue (parenchyma) that lie in line to the vascular cambium, since these strips of cambium originate between two vascular bundles or connect two vascular cambia together they are referred to as the interfascicular cambia. They are responsible for producing medullary rays during secondary growth.
Cork cambium also develops from dedifferentiation of cells forming the ground tissue, here the cambium originates in the cortex to produce the secondary cortex and the cork.
So, the correct answer is 'Both (a) and (b)'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Plant Growth and Development Test - 70

Result

Plant Growth and Development Test - 70

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Inhibits the development of seedless fruits

Responsible for closing of stomata

Induces the dormancy of seeds

Length of internodes increases

Question 2

growth

differentiation

dedifferentiation

development

Solution

Question 3

New leaves

Chloroplast in leaves

Lateral short growth and adventitious shoot formation

Rooting on cut stem

Solution

Question 4

Statements (i) and (ii) are correct.

Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.

Statements (i) and (ii) are correct

All statements are correct.

Solution

Question 5

Meristematic

Elongation

Maturation

Differentiation

Solution

Question 6

nutrients

water, oxygen

light, temperature

all of these.

Solution

Question 7

Growth

Differentiation

Dedifferentiation

Redifferentiation

Solution

Question 8

Only determinate

Only indeterminate

Mostly determinate

Both determinate and indeterminate

Solution

Question 9

Increase in growth per unit time is growth rate.

A sigmoid growth curve is a characteristic of most living organisms in their natural environment.

Rate of growth is constant during geometrical growth.

Exponential phase is also called as log phase.

Solution

Question 10

Interfascicular cambium

Cork cambium

Both (a) and (b)

Tracheary elements

Solution

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