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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 12

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 12
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    'Trachea' as respiratory organ is absent in
    Solution
    Tracheal respiration occurs through trachea as in insects and myriapods. The system consists of a network of white shining tubes called trachea. Trachea communicates to the outside through lateral holes called spiracles or sterigmata.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a chronic inflammatory disease?
    Solution
    Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, in which airways becomes narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This makes breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factor.
    Acapnia is a condition of carbon dioxide deficiency in blood and tissues.
    Oligopnea is an abnormally  slow, shallow and infrequent respiration.
    Hypoxia refers to a state in which oxygen supply to body is insufficient.
    So, the correct answer is 'Asthma'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is not true? 
    The partial pressure of
    Solution
    The exchange of gases between blood and tissues depends on the partial pressure of gases. The partial pressure of oxygen in oxygenated blood is 95 mm Hg. The partial pressure of oxygen in deoxygenated blood is 40 mm Hg whereas the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar air is 104 mm Hg. The corresponding values for carbon dioxide are 40, 40 and 46 mm of Hg. As carbon dioxide is more soluble in water a smaller difference in partial pressure is enough to causes greater exchange of the gas as compared to oxygen.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In mammals, carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to respiratory surface by
    Solution
    Blood is the medium of transport for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Nearly 20-25% of carbon dioxide is transported by RBCs, whereas 70% of it is carried as bicarbonate. About 7% of carbon dioxide is carried in a dissolved state through plasma.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements correctly defines Bohr effect?  
    Solution
    The decrease in oxygen affinity of haemoglobin when the pH of blood falls is called as the Bohr effect. This is related to the fact that deoxygenated haemoglobin binds H+ more actively than does oxyhaemoglobin. As the carbon dioxide content of the blood increases, the pH of blood decreases and $${P_{50}}$$ rises, causing oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation.
    The higher the $${P_{50}}$$, the lower the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen and vice-versa.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    During inspiration, which of the following condition takes place?
    Solution
    The internal body cavity of mammals is divided by a muscular diaphragm into a thoracic or chest cavity and an abdominal cavity. The thoracic cavity is an air-tight cavity, which houses the lungs. The thoracic cavity being airtight follows Boyle's law. According to Boyle's law, the pressure and volume are inversely related. During inspiration with the help of movements in the diaphragm and costal muscles between ribs, the volume of the thoracic cavity is increased, the pressure decreases as compared to atmospheric pressure and the air comes inside the lungs. During expiration, the volume of the thoracic cavity is decreased, pressure increases as compared to atmospheric pressure and air moves out of the lungs.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Book lungs are respiratory organs of 
    Solution

    Solution

    Correct answer is option C

    Explanation for correct option:

    • Two types of respiratory organs are found among arachnids: book lungs and tracheae.
    • Book lungs are found in hardened pockets generally located on the underside of the abdomen.
    • Diffusion of gases occurs between the hemolymph circulating within thin leaf-like structures (lamellae) stacked like pages in a book within the pocket and the air in spaces between these thin structures. 

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following problem leads to acidosis?
    Solution
    Hypercapnia will rapidly cause an intracellular acidosis in all cells in the body. It can easily combine with water to form carbonic acid which increases the acidity of blood on accumulation. It is also known as hypercarbia. It is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Match the structures with the functional names given under. Choose the answer which gives the correct combination of the alphabets of the two columns.
    List IList II
    ALarynx1Lid of larynx
    BTrachea2Air sacs
    CAlveoli3Voice box
    DEpiglottis4Wind pipe
    5Common passage
    Solution
    The larynx (voice box) is part of the respiratory system that holds the vocal cords. It is responsible for producing voice, helping us swallow and breathe. The trachea, also called windpipe, is a tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air. The alveoli are tiny air sacs within the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. The epiglottis is a flexible flap at the superior end of the larynx in the throat. It acts as a switch between the larynx and the esophagus to permit air to enter the airway to the lungs and food to pass into the gastrointestinal tract. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Lingula structure originates from
    Solution
    • The left lung is divided into two lobes, an upper and a lower, by the oblique fissure, which extends from the coastal to the mediastinal surface of the lung both above and below the hilum.
    •  The left lung, unlike the right, does not have a middle lobe, though it does have a homologous feature, a projection of the upper lobe termed the "lingula". 
    • Its name means "little tongue". Hence, the Lingula structure originates from the Superior side of the left lung.
    So, the correct answer is 'Superior side of left lung'.
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