Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 14

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 14

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Question 1
1 / -0

Wall of alveoli is composed of

A
Simple squamous epithelium

B
Simple cuboidal epithelium

C
Pseudostratified epithelium

D
Simple columnar epithelium

Solution

The walls of the alveoli are lined with simple squamous epithelial cells known as alveolar cells. This single layer of squamous cells is ideal for the diffusion of gases in the lungs.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

What percentage of $$CO_2$$ flows in blood in form of bicarbonates?

A
7%

B
23%

C
50%

D
70%

Solution

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in three ways: 10% is dissolved in plasma, 20% is carried on haemoglobin bound to globins, and 70% exists as bicarbonate, an important buffer of blood pH.
Question 3
1 / -0

Larynx is a modified portion of

A
Pharynx

B
Trachea

C
Bronchus

D
Lungs

Solution

Larynx (voice box) is located between the pharynx and the trachea. It is the upper modified part of trachea and leads to trachea or windpipe. It has a framework of cartilage that protrudes in the front of the neck and sometimes is referred as the Adams apple. The larynx is considerably larger in males than in females; hence, the Adams apple is much more prominent in males. At the upper end of the larynx, vocal cords are present which help in production of speech. They are set into vibration by the flow of air from the lungs. A difference in the size of the larynx is what accounts for the difference between male and female voices; because male larynx is larger than a female larynx, usually male voice is lower in pitch. The nasal cavities, the sinuses, and the pharynx all serve as resonating chambers for speech, just as the cabinet does for a stereo speaker.
Question 4
1 / -0

Under normal condition 100 ml blood carry

A
4 ml $$CO_2 $$

B
10 ml $$CO_2 $$

C
1.34 ml $$CO_2 $$

D
30 ml $$CO_2 $$

Solution

Blood is the medium of transport for oxygen and carbon dioxide. About 97 per cent of oxygen is transported by RBCs in the blood. The remaining 3 per cent of oxygen is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. Nearly 20-25 per cent of carbon dioxide is transported by RBCs whereas 70 per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate. About 7 per cent of carbon dioxide is carried in a dissolved state through plasma. Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of CO$$_2$$ to the alveoli.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which one of the following statement is correct?

A
Chest expands because air enters into the lungs.

B
Air enters into the lungs because chest expands.

C
The muscles of the diaphragm contracts because air enters into the lungs.

D
All of the above statements are correct.
Solution
Correct option: B
Explanation:
When the chest expands air enters the lungs.
This is because during inspiration the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards.
This leads to an increase in the chest cavity, with the help of the intercostal muscles present between the ribs.
This space is taken up by the lungs when we inhale.
Hence, the correct statement is that air enters into the lungs because the chest expands.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which type of connective tissue is present in the wall of bronchioles?

A
White fibrous connective tissue

B
Areolar connective tissue

C
Yellow fibrous connective tissue

D
Reticular connective tissue

Solution

The walls of bronchioles are composed of yellow fibrous connective. It is highly elastic which stretches on the application of strong force and returns back undamaged when the applied force is retrieved. Elastic fibres are found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins, connective tissue proper, elastic cartilage, periodontal ligament, fetal tissue and other structures.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

The combination of oxygen with haemoglobin is called as

A
Oxidation

B
Oxyhaemoglobin

C
Reduction

D
None of the above

Solution

Oxygenation literally means the addition of oxygen to a chemical substance or physical system. Thus binding of oxygen with haemoglobin can also be reffered as oxygenation. Oxyhemoglobin is formed when oxygen binds to the heme component of the protein hemoglobin in red blood cells, during physiological respiration.
Whereas oxidation is a loss of electron, which can be either in the form of gaining of oxygen or loss of hydrogen and reduction is a gain of electron, which can be either in the form of loss of oxygen or gaining of hydrogen.
Question 8
1 / -0

"Emphysema" is a condition in which

A
Respiratory centre is inhibited

B
Lots of fluid in the lungs

C
The walls separating the alveoli break

D
Lungs have excess $$O_2$$

Solution

Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased. One of the major causes of this is cigarette smoking.
Question 9
1 / -0

Pneumotaxic centre is present in

A
Pons

B
Medulla

C
Cerebrum

D
Lungs

Solution

The pneumotaxic centre, also known as the pontine respiratory group (PRG), is a network of neurons in the rostral dorsolateral pons. It rhythmically inhibits inspiration.
So, the correct answer is 'Pons'
Question 10
1 / -0

Respiratory organs of whale are

A
Book lungs

B
Lungs

C
Gills

D
Skin

Solution

Whale is a mammal and mammals breathe with lungs. The whale’s lungs contain more alveoli and is surrounded by two layers of capillaries increasing the surface area for more efficient gas exchange.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 14

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 14

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Simple squamous epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Pseudostratified epithelium

Simple columnar epithelium

Solution

Question 2

7%

23%

50%

70%

Solution

Question 3

Pharynx

Trachea

Bronchus

Lungs

Solution

Question 4

4 ml $$CO_2 $$

10 ml $$CO_2 $$

1.34 ml $$CO_2 $$

30 ml $$CO_2 $$

Solution

Question 5

Chest expands because air enters into the lungs.

Air enters into the lungs because chest expands.

The muscles of the diaphragm contracts because air enters into the lungs.

All of the above statements are correct.

Solution

Question 6

White fibrous connective tissue

Areolar connective tissue

Yellow fibrous connective tissue

Reticular connective tissue

Solution

Question 7

Oxidation

Oxyhaemoglobin

Reduction

None of the above

Solution

Question 8

Respiratory centre is inhibited

Lots of fluid in the lungs

The walls separating the alveoli break

Lungs have excess $$O_2$$

Solution

Question 9

Pons

Medulla

Cerebrum

Lungs

Solution

Question 10

Book lungs

Lungs

Gills

Skin

Solution

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