Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 17

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 17

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Question 1
1 / -0

Most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the blood as

A
Bicarbonates

B
Carbon monoxide

C
Carbonic acid

D
Carbonates

Solution

Only about 23% of carbon dioxide is transported as carbaminohaemoglobin, 5% of the total carbon dioxide production is carried as carbonic acid and nearly 70% of the total carbon dioxide produce in the body is carried as bicarbonates in the blood (chiefly sodium bicarbonate in the plasma and potassium bicarbonate in the corpuscles).
Question 2
1 / -0

In humans, sound is produced by:

A
Pharynx

B
Larynx

C
Bronchus

D
Trachea

Solution

Correct option - B
Explanation for correct option -
In human body, sound is produced by the larynx. The larynx is an organ present in the neck which controls the volume and pitch of the sound. Adam's apple is much more prominent in the male. At the upper end of the larynx are the vocal cords, which serve in the production of speech. They are set into vibration by the flow of air from the lungs.
Question 3
1 / -0

Type of cartilages in larynx of rabbit, according to shape, are

A
1

B
2

C
3

D
4

Solution

The cartilage present in the larynx of the rabbit is the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid.
a) Thyroid: The thyroid cartilage is present in the larynx. In the larynx, the front part is a thyroid which prevents vocal cords located behind the thyroid cartilage. The thyroid is the largest cartilage in the larynx. Epiglottis is present above the thyroid cartilage.
b) Cricoid: The cricoid is a complete ring of cartilage that surrounds the windpipe. It forms the back part of the larynx. It is just below the thyroid gland.
c) Arytenoid: Arytenoid is present in pairs and it is a pyramidal structure. It moves the vocal fold so that it plays a vital role in sound production. It is present on the upper side of the cricoid cartilage.
So, the correct option is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which is correct?

A
Respiratory centres are not affected by $$CO_2$$.

B
In humans vital capacity is just double the expiratory volume.

C
A human lung has $$10^3$$ alveoli.

D
During inspiration the lungs act as suction pump.

Solution

Inhalation involves a contraction of the muscles, an increase in the size or volume of thoracic cavity, an expansion of the lungs with a drop of pressure inside them and entrance of atmospheric air into lungs through the air passages. Thus during inspiration the lungs act as suction pump. Inhalation is followed by exhalation, which is effected by the contraction of the lungs.
Question 5
1 / -0

Respiratory centre is situated in

A
Cerebellum

B
Medulla oblongata

C
Hypothalamus

D
Cerebrum

Solution

Human beings have a significant ability to maintain and moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues. This is done by the neural system. A specialised centre present in the medulla region of the brain called as respiratory rhythm centre, is primarily responsible for this regulation.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

Percentage of oxygen transported by haemoglobin is

A
93

B
95

C
97

D
99

Solution

Blood is the medium of transport for oxygen and carbon dioxide. About 97 per cent of oxygen is transported by RBCs in the blood. The remaining 3 per cent of oxygen is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. Nearly 20-25 per cent of carbon dioxide is transported by RBCs, whereas 70 per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate. About 7 per cent of carbon dioxide is carried in a dissolved state through plasma.
Question 7
1 / -0

Carbon dioxide is transported from tissue to respiratory surface by only

A
Plasma and erythrocytes

B
Plasma

C
Erythrocytes

D
Erythrocytes and leucocytes

Solution

Blood is the medium of transport for oxygen and carbon dioxide. About 97 per cent of oxygen is transported by RBCs in the blood. The remaining 3 per cent of oxygen is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. Nearly 20-25 per cent of carbon dioxide is transported by RBCs, whereas 70 per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate ions. About 7 per cent of carbon dioxide is carried in a dissolved state through plasma.
Question 8
1 / -0

Narrowest and most abundant tubes of lungs are

A
Bronchioles

B
Bronchus

C
Alveoli

D
Trachea

Solution

The trachea branches to give rise to two primary (main) bronchi. These then branch successively to give rise in turn to secondary and tertiary bronchi. These then branch to give rise to several orders of progressively smaller airways called bronchioles, the smallest of which are called terminal bronchioles. These are the last components of the conducting portion of the respiratory system. Terminal bronchioles give rise to respiratory bronchioles, which ultimately lead to the alveoli.
Question 9
1 / -0

Body tissues obtain $$O_2$$ from haemoglobin because of its dissociation in tissues caused by

A
Low oxygen concentration and high $$CO_2$$ concentration

B
High $$O_2$$ concentration

C
Low $$CO_2$$ concentration

D
High $$CO_2$$ concentration
Solution
- When oxygenated blood reaches the different tissues, the partial pressure of oxygen is higher (95 mm of Hg) than that of the body cells (40 mm of Hg) and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is lesser in the blood (40 mm of Hg) than that of body cells (45 mm of Hg).
- The oxygen diffuses from the capillary blood to the body cells through tissue fluid and carbon dioxide diffuses from the body cells to the capillary blood via tissue fluid.
- This makes the blood deoxygenated, which is carried to the heart and then to the lungs to get oxygenated again.
Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

Presence of large number of alveoli around alveolar ducts opening into bronchioles in mammalian lungs is

A
Inefficient system of ventilation with litle of residual air

B
Inefficient system of ventilation with high percentage of residual air

C
An efficient system of ventilation with no residual air

D
An efficient system of ventilation with little residual air

Solution

Alveoli is a characteristic feature of mammalian lungs. The pulmonary alveoli form the terminal ends of the respiratory tree and from these the branches out the alveolar sacs and ducts which act as efficient sites for gaseous exchange. These air sacs provide the total surface area of about 75 m$$^2$$ Besides the epithelial layer and extracellular matrix, these contain collagen and elastic fibers. which stretch as the alveoli are filled with air and spring back to expel carbon dioxide during exhalation.
So, the correct answer is option D.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 17

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 17

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Bicarbonates

Carbon monoxide

Carbonic acid

Carbonates

Solution

Question 2

Pharynx

Larynx

Bronchus

Trachea

Solution

Question 3

1

2

3

4

Solution

Question 4

Respiratory centres are not affected by $$CO_2$$.

In humans vital capacity is just double the expiratory volume.

A human lung has $$10^3$$ alveoli.

During inspiration the lungs act as suction pump.

Solution

Question 5

Cerebellum

Medulla oblongata

Hypothalamus

Cerebrum

Solution

Question 6

93

95

97

99

Solution

Question 7

Plasma and erythrocytes

Plasma

Erythrocytes

Erythrocytes and leucocytes

Solution

Question 8

Bronchioles

Bronchus

Alveoli

Trachea

Solution

Question 9

Low oxygen concentration and high $$CO_2$$ concentration

High $$O_2$$ concentration

Low $$CO_2$$ concentration

High $$CO_2$$ concentration

Solution

Question 10

Inefficient system of ventilation with litle of residual air

Inefficient system of ventilation with high percentage of residual air

An efficient system of ventilation with no residual air

An efficient system of ventilation with little residual air

Solution

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