Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 23

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 23

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Question 1
1 / -0

Inspiration takes place during

A
Inhalation

B
Exhalation

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

Inhalation (also known as inspiration) is the flow of air into an organism. It is a vital process for all human life. In humans it is the movement of air from the external environment, through the airways, and into the alveoli. Inhalation begins with the contraction of the muscles attached to the rib cage. This causes an expansion in the chest cavity. Then takes place the onset of contraction of the diaphragm, which results in expansion of the intrapleural space and an increase in negative pressure according to Boyle's Law. This negative pressure generates airflow because of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and alveolus. Air enters, inflating the lung through either the nose or the mouth into the pharynx (throat) and trachea before entering the alveoli.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

A child breathes nearly:

A
13 times a minute.

B
26 times a minute.

C
52 times a minute.

D
72 times a minute.

Solution

Children breathe faster than adults. Body size, weight, and activity level influence normal breathing rates. Age is most commonly used to determine normal values. normal breathing rate ranges from as high as 30-60 breaths per minute at birth to as low as 12-16 breaths per minute at the age of 18.
The infants from birth to one year should have 30-60 breaths per minute. Toddlers, ages, 1-3 breathe 24-40 times per minute. Preschoolers, ages 3-6 years, average 22 to 34 breaths per minute. 6-12-year-olds have 18-30 breaths per minute.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
1 / -0

The Adam's apple is a part of which of the following laryngeal cartilage?

A
Epiglottis

B
Thyroid

C
Cricoid

D
Throat

Solution

A.Epiglotis - is a flap in the throat that keeps food from entering the windpipe and the lungs.

B.Thyroid - is a small gland in your neck that makes thyroidhormones. It is commonly called Adam’s apple.

C.Cricoid - the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea.

D.Throat - the passage which leads from the back of the mouth of a person or animal.

So, the correct option is ‘Thyroid’.
Question 4
1 / -0

How many times a normal man respires per minute?

A
$$10-15$$ times

B
$$14-18$$ times

C
$$20-25$$ times

D
$$25-30$$ times

Solution

A child respires around 26 times per minute. Norman man respires 14-18 times per minute. If the CO2 concentration in blood increases, the rate of breathing also increases. When CO2 is dissolved in the blood, then blood becomes slightly acidic. The brain picks up the change and adjusts the breathing to get rid of CO2 from the blood. Thus, option B is correct.
Question 5
1 / -0

Identify the incorrect pair from the following.

A
Pharynx- Oesophagus

B
Jejunum- Colon

C
Colon- Rectum

D
Stomach- Duodenum

Solution

The jejunum is the second part of the small intestine in humans and most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. The jejunum lies between the duodenum and the ileum.
Pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system.
The colon is also called as the large intestine.
Stomach is the internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being (in humans and many mammals) a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the oesophagus to the small intestine.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

The narrowest and most numerous tubes of lungs are termed as

A
Bronchus

B
Alveoli

C
Bronchioles

D
Hilum

Solution

The bronchus is a passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into lungs. These bronchi branch into smaller secondary and tertiary bronchi.
Hilum is a depression or fissure where structures such as blood vessels and nerves enter an organ. Alveoli are tiny air sacs within lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. The bronchioles are the passageways by which air passes through the nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the lung, in which branches no longer contain cartilage or glands in the submucosa. They are narrowest branches of bronchi, and are part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system. They are numerous.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

Tidal volume of air in a normal healthy man during inspiration is about ........... mL.

A
$$200-400$$

B
$$500-700$$

C
$$900-1000$$

D
$$1000-1250$$

Solution

Tidal volume is the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied. In a healthy, young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 mL per inspiration or 7 mL/kg of body mass.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Tidal volume of air in a normal healthy man during inspiration is about

A
300-400 ml

B
500-700 ml

C
900-1000 ml

D
100-250 ml

Solution

Tidal volume is the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied. In a healthy, young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 mL per inspiration or 7 mL/kg of body mass.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

How is gaseous exchange accomplished in an insect?

A
Insects use skin as a gas-exchange surface; blood is circulated near the skin and picks up oxygen and releases carbon-dioxide

B
They have feather-like gills through which blood and water flow in a counter current mechanism for efficient gas exchange

C
Insects have primitive lungs called book lungs, which are a series of internal plates that provide surfaces for exchange of gases between the blood and air.

D
Insects have trachea that carry air deep into the body where exchange occur directly with the tissue

Solution

Insects, being larger and having a hard, chitinous and therefore impermeable exoskeleton, have a more specialized gas exchange system. Insects have no transport system so gases need to be transported directly to the respiring tissues. There are tiny holes called spiracles along the side of the insect.
The spiracles are openings of small tubes running into the insect's body, the larger ones being called tracheae and the smaller ones being called tracheoles. The ends of these tubes, which are in contact with individual cells, is where gaseous exchange takes place.
Hence the correct option is D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Volume of air inspired or expired with each normal breath is called as

A
Tidal volume.

B
Inspiratory capacity.

C
Total lung capacity.

D
Residual volume.

Solution

A.Tidal volume - Volume of air inspired or expired with each normal breath

B.Inspiratory capacity - the volume of air that can be inspired following a normal, quiet expiration and is equal to tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume.

C.Total lung capacity - the total amount of air in the lungs after taking the deepest breath possible. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often unable to exhale fully, resulting in hyperinflation of the lungs and a greater total lung capacity.

D.Residual volume - the amount of air that remains in a person's lungs after fully exhaling.

So, the correct option is ‘Tidal volume’.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 23

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 23

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Question 1

Inhalation

Exhalation

Both A and B

None of the above

Solution

Question 2

13 times a minute.

26 times a minute.

52 times a minute.

72 times a minute.

Solution

Question 3

Epiglottis

Thyroid

Cricoid

Throat

Solution

Question 4

$$10-15$$ times

$$14-18$$ times

$$20-25$$ times

$$25-30$$ times

Solution

Question 5

Pharynx- Oesophagus

Jejunum- Colon

Colon- Rectum

Stomach- Duodenum

Solution

Question 6

Bronchus

Alveoli

Bronchioles

Hilum

Solution

Question 7

$$200-400$$

$$500-700$$

$$900-1000$$

$$1000-1250$$

Solution

Question 8

300-400 ml

500-700 ml

900-1000 ml

100-250 ml

Solution

Question 9

Insects use skin as a gas-exchange surface; blood is circulated near the skin and picks up oxygen and releases carbon-dioxide

They have feather-like gills through which blood and water flow in a counter current mechanism for efficient gas exchange

Insects have primitive lungs called book lungs, which are a series of internal plates that provide surfaces for exchange of gases between the blood and air.

Insects have trachea that carry air deep into the body where exchange occur directly with the tissue

Solution

Question 10

Tidal volume.

Inspiratory capacity.

Total lung capacity.

Residual volume.

Solution

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