Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test -3

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test -3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

If TLC is 5500ml, IRV is 2950ml, ERV is 900ml and TV is 500ml then what will be value of RV ?

A
1200ml

B
1100ml

C
1150ml

D
2550ml

Solution

RV = TLC - IRV – ERV– TV.

substitute the values

RV = 5500-2950-900-500= 1150ml.
Question 2
1 / -0

The correct sequence of respiration is i) Breathing in oxygen ii) Transportation of gases by the blood iii) Diffusion of gases between blood and tissues iv) Diffusion of gases across alveolar membrane v) Using of oxygen and releasing of carbondioxide

A
i), iii), iv), ii), v)

B
i), ii), iv), iii)

C
i), ii), iii), iv), v)

D
i), iv), ii), iii), v)

Solution

Respiration involves breathing or pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in, Diffusion of gases across alveolar membrane, Transport of gases by the blood, Diffusion of gases between blood and tissues.Utilisation of oxygen by the cells.

Question 3

1 / -0

Match the following:

Animal	Respiratory Organ
a) Nereis	i) Book Lungs
b) Limulus	ii) Book Gills
c) Palaemon	iii) General Body Surface
d) Palamnaeus	iv) Parapodia
e) Dugesia	v) Gills

a)-i, b)-iii, c)-v, d)-ii, e)-iv

a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iv, d)-iii, e)-v

a)-iv, b)-ii, c)-v, d)-i, e)-iii

a)-v, b)-iv, c)-iii, d)-i, e)-ii

Solution

Respiratory organ of Nereis is parapodia, Limulus is book gills, Palamnaeus is book lungs and respiratory organ of Dugesia is general body surface. Palaemon respire through gills.

Question 4
1 / -0

Those bronchioles which divide into alveolar ducts are called as :

A
Primary bronchioles

B
Secondary bronchioles

C
Tertiary bronchioles

D
Respiratory bronchioles

Solution

Terminal bronchioles give rise to respiratory bronchioles that ultimately lead to the alveoli. Exchange of gases takes place in alveoli with blood veseels.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which part of our respiratory system doesn’t need ciliated epithelium and thus have non-ciliated walls ?

A
nasal chamber

B
bronchioles

C
trachea

D
alveoli

Solution

Respiratory system does not need ciliated epithelium and thus have non-ciliated walls such as alveoli. Alveoli are the balloon like structure at which exchange of gases takes place.
Question 6
1 / -0

After a forceful expiration :

A
diaphragm and intercostals increase respiratory surface area

B
gaseous exchange continues uninterrupted

C
gaseous exchange is interrupted

D
lungs becomes empty so exchange stops for a while

Solution

After a forceful expiration gaseous exchange continues uninterrupted because there is always a residual volume of air that continues the diffusion of gasese.
Question 7
1 / -0

First step in the process of inspiration is :

A
contraction of diaphragm

B
relaxation of sternum

C
relaxation of diaphragm

D
increase in volume of thoracic cavity

Solution

Inspiration is the process of intake of oxygen from the surrounding. This is achieved by increasing the volume of thoracic cavity. Contraction of diaphragm relax the sternum that increae the thoracic cavity.
Question 8
1 / -0

Air breathing animals lose a large amount of precious water from their respiratory surface through :

A
Evaporation

B
Diffusion

C
Secretion

D
none of these

Solution

Water is released in atmosphere along with expired air during respiratory cycle. Air breathing animals lose a large amount of precious water from their respiratory surface through evaporation.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following options correctly represents the lungs conditions in asthma and emphysema respectively?

A
Increased respiratory surface and inflammations of bronchioles

B
Inflammations of bronchioles, and decreased respiratory surface

C
Decreased respiratory surface, and inflammations of bronchioles

D
Increased number of bronchioles, and increased respiratory surface
Solution
- Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the lungs. In this condition, airways of the lungs become narrow and swell and produce excess mucus. Due to this, the respiratory surface decreases. Symptoms include reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath.
- Emphysema is also a lung disease that results in shortness of breath is caused airways of the lungs to collapse and inflammation of bronchioles. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath
- Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering from respiratory disorder causing wheezing due to

A
Benign growth on mucous lining of nasal cavity

B
Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles

C
Proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls

D
Reduction in the secretion of surfactants by pneumocytes

Solution

Asthma is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. It can be due to increasing air borne allergens and pollutants. Asthma is an allergic condition. Many people in urban areas are suffering from this respiratory disorder.
So, the correct answer is 'inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles'
Question 11
1 / -0

Tidal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete are $$500$$ mL and $$1000$$ mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is $$1200$$ mL?

A
$$1500$$ mL

B
$$1700$$ mL

C
$$2200$$ mL

D
$$2700$$ mL

Solution

Tidal Volume $$=500$$ ml
Expiratory Reserve Volume $$=1000$$ ml
Expiratory Capacity $$=TV+ERV$$
$$=500+1000$$
$$=1500$$ ml.
So, the correct answer is '1500 mL'.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder?

A
Botulism

B
Anthracis

C
Emphysema

D
Silicosis

Solution

Occupational lung diseases are those diseases that are caused by the inhalation of dust, chemicals, or proteins. It includes diseases like occupational asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung diseases, silicosis.
a) Botulism is caused by the botulinum toxin.
b) Anthracis is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. They are commonly found in the soil of grazing areas.
c) Emphysema is caused due to the destruction of alveoli of the lungs.
d) Silicosis is an occupational lung disease that is caused due to inhaling particles of silica. It is an interstitial lung disease. It results in the formation of masses of fibrous tissue and nodules of dense fibrosis.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 13
1 / -0

Select the correct events that occur during inspiration.
a. Contraction of diaphragm
b. Contraction of external intercostal muscles
c. Pulmonary volume decreases
d. Intrapulmonary pressure increases

A
c and d

B
a, b and d

C
only d

D
a and b
Solution
During inspiration:
Contraction of diaphragm takes place and it moves down.
This downward movement of the diaphragm causes less intrapulmonary pressure than the atmosphere.
Simultaneously, the external intercostal muscles also contract and cause the ribcage to be able to move outward. This further increases the pulmonary space and decreases the pulmonary pressure.
Both these movements cause inspiration.
Thus, the correct answer is (D) - (a) and (b).
Question 14
1 / -0

Assertion :

Inspiration occurs due to muscular relaxation.

Reason : During

inspiration, ihe diaphragm and external iniercostal muscle contract

simultaneously

A
If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

B
If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

C
If the assertion is true but the reason is false

D
If both the assertion and reason are false

E
If the assertion is false but reason is true

Solution

(e) Inspiration is the result of muscular contraction. The diaphragm and external intercostal muscle contracts simultaneously. The lateral thoracic wall moves outward and upward.
Question 15
1 / -0

Which of the following match is correct?

A
Emphysema - Reduction of surface area of alveoli and bronchi.

B
Pneumonia - Occupational disease with asbestos.

C
Silicosis - Inflammation of alveoli.

D
Asthma - Excessive secretion of bronchial mucus.

Solution

Emphysema is a long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath due to over-inflation of the alveoli.
Pneumonia usually starts when one breathes the germ into their lungs. One is more likely to get the disease after having a cold or the flu.
Silicosis is lung fibrosis caused by the inhalation of dust containing silica. That causes scarring in the lungs, which can harms the ability to breathe.
Asthma is a respiratory condition marked by attacks of spasm in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It is usually connected to allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 16
1 / -0

How much CO$$_2$$ is transported as bicarbonates of sodium and potassium in the blood in mammals?

A
5 - 10 %

B
10 - 90 %

C
70 - 72 %

D
90 - 95 %

Solution

About 7% of carbon dioxide is carried in the solution in plasma as carbonic acid. 20 - 25% carbon dioxide is carried as carbamino-haemoglobin and about 70% is carried in the plasma and RBC as bicarbonates of sodium and potassium.
Question 17
1 / -0

Arrange the following in the order of increasing volume.
(1) Tidal volume
(2) Residual volume
(3) Expiratory reserve volume
(4) Vital capacity

A
1<2<3<4

B
1<3<2<4

C
1<4<3<2

D
1<4<2<3

Solution

Tidal Volume is the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied. It is approx 500ml.
Residual volume is a lung volume which represents the amount of air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation. It is 1.1 litres.
Expiratory reserve volume is the additional amount of air that can be expired from the lungs by determined effort after normal expiration. It is 0.7 litres.
Vital Capacity is the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath. It is approx 4.6 litres.
Hence option B is correct.
Question 18
1 / -0

The phenomenon of normal breathing in a human being comprises of

A
An active inspiratory and a passive expiratory phase.

B
A passive inspiratory and an inactive expiratory phase.

C
Both active inspiratory and expiratory phases.

D
Both passive inspiratory and expiratory phases.

Solution

The phenomenon of normal breathing in a human being comprises of an active inspiratory and a passive expiratory phase. During inspiration, muscles of ribs and diaphragm contracts. Hence, it is an active process. During expiration, muscles of ribs and diaphragm relax. Hence, it is a passive process.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test -3

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Question 1

1200ml

1100ml

1150ml

2550ml

Solution

Question 2

i), iii), iv), ii), v)

i), ii), iv), iii)

i), ii), iii), iv), v)

i), iv), ii), iii), v)

Solution

Question 3

a)-i, b)-iii, c)-v, d)-ii, e)-iv

a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iv, d)-iii, e)-v

a)-iv, b)-ii, c)-v, d)-i, e)-iii

a)-v, b)-iv, c)-iii, d)-i, e)-ii

Solution

Question 4

Primary bronchioles

Secondary bronchioles

Tertiary bronchioles

Respiratory bronchioles

Solution

Question 5

nasal chamber

bronchioles

trachea

alveoli

Solution

Question 6

diaphragm and intercostals increase respiratory surface area

gaseous exchange continues uninterrupted

gaseous exchange is interrupted

lungs becomes empty so exchange stops for a while

Solution

Question 7

contraction of diaphragm

relaxation of sternum

relaxation of diaphragm

increase in volume of thoracic cavity

Solution

Question 8

Evaporation

Diffusion

Secretion

none of these

Solution

Question 9

Increased respiratory surface and inflammations of bronchioles

Inflammations of bronchioles, and decreased respiratory surface

Decreased respiratory surface, and inflammations of bronchioles

Increased number of bronchioles, and increased respiratory surface

Solution

Question 10

Benign growth on mucous lining of nasal cavity

Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles

Proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls

Reduction in the secretion of surfactants by pneumocytes

Solution

Question 11

$$1500$$ mL

$$1700$$ mL

$$2200$$ mL

$$2700$$ mL

Solution

Question 12

Botulism

Anthracis

Emphysema

Silicosis

Solution