Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 43

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 43

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following represent correct blood flow pathway in pulmonary circulation?

A
Right Ventricle $$\underrightarrow { Aorta } $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium

B
$$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium $$\longrightarrow $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium

C
Right Ventricle $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ artery } $$ Left Atrium

D
$$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Right Atrium Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Right Atrium

Solution

The human heart is four-chambered divided into two atrium and two ventricles. Blood follows in the direction as shown in the above figure.
So, the correct option is 'Right Ventricle $$\underrightarrow { Aorta } $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Site of gaseous exchange in lungs is:

A
pulmonary chamber

B
trachea

C
bronchioles

D
alveoli

Solution

Alveoli are tiny balloon shaped structures in the respiratory system. The alveoli are only one cell thick and are surrounded by blood capillaries. This allows the relatively easy passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the blood. Alveoli are therefore the site of gaseous exchange in the respiratory system. So, the correct option is 'alveoli'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
What are the two large branches of the airway which lead off the trachea at the tracheal bifurcation?

A
Alveoli

B
Bronchi

C
Metavenules

D
Bronchioles

Solution

The two large branches of the airway that lead off the trachea at the tracheal bifurcation are the bronchi. They act as the main passageway into the lungs. Each bronchus enters one of the two (either the left or the right lung). Within the lungs, the bronchi branch off into smaller and smaller passageways, the smallest of which are called bronchioles and at the end of the bronchioles are tiny air sacs that are known as the alveoli. The re-oxygenized blood is sent through meta venules to the pulmonary vein. So, the correct option is 'bronchi'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The structure which does not contribute to breathing movements in mammals is

A
ribs

B
diaphragm

C
larynx

D
abdominal muscles

Solution

The process of breathing is divided into two phases: inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation). The diaphragm, ribs, external, the internal intercoastal muscles and the abdominal muscles that move the diaphragm are all involved in changing the size of the thoracic cavity either by contraction or relaxation thereby changing the air pressure and causing air to move in or out of the lungs. So, the correct option is 'larynx'.
Question 5
1 / -0

In which of the following groups of animals the lungs are relatively non-elastic and are connected with elastic air-sacs?

A
Mammals

B
Birds

C
Reptiles

D
Amphibians

Solution

Birds lack a diaphragm, air is moved in and out of the respiratory system through pressure changes They have elastic air sacs.
So the coirrect option is 'Birds'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Simple squamous non-ciliated epithelium is found in

A
alveoli

B
bronchi

C
bronchioles

D
trachea

Solution

Simple squamous non-ciliated epithelia are found in capillaries, alveoli, and other tissues where rapid diffusion is required. Cells are flat with flattened and oblong nuclei. It is also called pavement epithelium due to its tile-like appearance. The bronchi are lined by ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium and bronchioles are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. So, the correct option is 'alveoli'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following gases forms the most stable compound with haemoglobin as erythrocytes?

A
Oxygen

B
Carbon monoxide

C
Nitrogen

D
Carbon dioxide

Solution

The affinity between hemoglobin and carbon monoxide due to stronger binding between the two and is approximately 230 times stronger than the affinity between hemoglobin and oxygen. The affinity of carbon dioxide for hemoglobin is equal to that of oxygen and the binding of the two are determined by differences in partial pressure. Nitrogen binds very poorly with hemoglobin as it is a poor pi-acceptor and sigma-donor especially compared to CO. So, the correct option is 'Carbon monoxide'.
Question 8
1 / -0

The combination of haemoglobin with oxygen in blood can be promoted by:

A
increasing oxygen concentration in the blood

B
increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the blood

C
decreasing oxygen concentration in the blood

D
increasing carbon monoxide concentration in the blood

Solution

The combination of hemoglobin with oxygen in the blood can be promoted by increasing the concentration of oxygen in the blood.
So, the correct option is 'increasing oxygen concentration in the blood'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Compared to the interstitial fluid that bathes active muscle cells, blood reaching that tissue in arteries has a

A
higher $$PO_2$$

B
higher $$PCO_2$$

C
greater hydrogencarbonate concentration

D
lower pH

Solution

A difference in partial pressure helps in exchange of gases. Therefore, a difference in partial pressure of oxygen also exists between the arteries (carrying oxygenated blood) and the metabolically active tissues, with the partial pressure in the metabolically active tissues being lower than that in the arteries. The partial pressure of oxygen in tissues is about 40 mm Hg because oxygen is continuously used for cellular respiration. In contrast, the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood in arteries is about 100 mm Hg. This creates a pressure gradient that causes oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin, diffuse out of the blood, cross the interstitial space, and enter the tissue. So, the correct option is ' higher pO$$_2$$'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
In human lungs, gas exchange occurs at the

A
two bronchi

B
alveolar sacs

C
pleural sacs

D
both (b) and (c)

Solution

In humans, gas exchange occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and the capillaries located on the walls of the alveoli. The inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli. So, the correct option is 'alveolar sacs'.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 43

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 43

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Question 1

Right Ventricle $$\underrightarrow { Aorta } $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium

$$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium $$\longrightarrow $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Left Atrium

Right Ventricle $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ artery } $$ Left Atrium

$$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Right Atrium Lung $$\underrightarrow { Pulmonary\ Vein } $$ Right Atrium

Solution

Question 2

pulmonary chamber

trachea

bronchioles

alveoli

Solution

Question 3

Alveoli

Bronchi

Metavenules

Bronchioles

Solution

Question 4

ribs

diaphragm

larynx

abdominal muscles

Solution

Question 5

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Solution

Question 6

alveoli

bronchi

bronchioles

trachea

Solution

Question 7

Oxygen

Carbon monoxide

Nitrogen

Carbon dioxide

Solution

Question 8

increasing oxygen concentration in the blood

increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the blood

decreasing oxygen concentration in the blood

increasing carbon monoxide concentration in the blood

Solution

Question 9

higher $$PO_2$$

higher $$PCO_2$$

greater hydrogencarbonate concentration

lower pH

Solution

Question 10

two bronchi

alveolar sacs

pleural sacs

both (b) and (c)

Solution

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