Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 46

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 46

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Question 1
1 / -0

Vital capacity of lungs is

A
IRV + ERV

B
IRV + ERV + TV - RV

C
IRV + ERV + TV + RV

D
IRV + ERV + TV.

Solution

Correct option: D

Explanation:

Vital capacity is maximum amount of air that can be expired forcefully from lungs after maximum deep inspiration.

IRV – extra amount of air inhaled forcefully normal inspiration (3000ml)

TV – tidal volume of inspiration/expiration during normal breathing (500ml)

ERV – extra amount of air expired after normal expiration (1100ml)

Therefore, the vital capacity of lungs is 4600ml

Hence, ‘IRV + TV + ERV’ is correct answer.
Question 2
1 / -0

According to Boyle's law, the product of:.pressure and volume is a constant. Hence,

A
if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure decreases proportionately

B
if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure also increases proportionately

C
if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure decreases disproportionately

D
if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure remains the same.

Solution

According to Boyle's law, the product of pressure and volume is a constant. Hence, if the volume of the lungs is increased, then pressure decreases proportionately.
So, the correct answer is 'if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure decreases proportionately'.
Question 3
1 / -0

After forceful inspiration, the amount of air that can be breathed out by maximum forced expiration is equal to:

A
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Residual Volume (RV)

B
IRV + RV + ERV

C
IRV + TV + ERV

D
TV + RV + ERV

Solution

Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. This equals the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + expiratory reserve volume (ERV) + tidal volume (TV). Its value is 3400 mL - 4800 mL.
So, the correct option is option 'C'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Lungs are enclosed in

A
Perichondrium

B
Pericardium

C
Pleural membrane

D
Peritoneum

Solution

Each lung is enclosed by a double-layered serous membrane, called the pleura. The visceral pleura is firmly attached to the surface of the lung. At the hilum, the visceral pleura is continuous with the parietal pleura that lines the wall of the thorax.
So, the option is 'Pleural membrane'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Consider the following statements each with one or two blanks.
(i) Left lung has ____(1)___ lobes and right lung has ___(2)___ lobes.
(ii) Prawn respires with _(3)_ and insects with ___(4)___.
(iii) Amount of air inhaled and exhaled with maximum effort is referred to as the _(5)_ of the lungs.
Fill up the above blanks by selecting the correct option.

A
(1) - three, (2) - two, (3) - gills (4)-tracheae

B
(1) - two, (2) - three, (5) - vital capacity

C
(3) - gills, (4) - tracheae, (5) - tidal volume

D
(3) - tracheae, (4) - gills, (5) - tidal volume

Solution

Prawn respires with gills (Branchial respiration) and insects respire by tracheae (Tracheal respiration).
Question 6
1 / -0

Besides RBC, blood plasma also carries $$O_{2}$$ in solution.The percentage is ___________.

A
3-9%

B
1-2%

C
3-6%

D
2-3%

Solution

$$97$$ to $$98$$% of Oxygen is bound to haemoglobin.
Rest of $$O_2$$ is present in Blood plasma (i.e., $$2-3$$%).
So, the correct answer is (D).
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is correct?

A
The contraction of internal intercostal muscles lifts up the ribs and sternum.

B
The RBCs transport oxygen only.

C
The thoracic cavity is anatomically an air tight chamber.

D
Healthy man can inspire approximately 500 mL of air per minute.

Solution

The thoracic cavity is anatomically an air tight chamber as ft consists of lungs that further consist of air sacs in which the air remains trapped. The contraction of the external intercostal muscles lifts up the ribs and sternum. RBCs transport both $$O_{2}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$. Healthy man can inspire or expire 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.
Question 8
1 / -0

In humans, which of the following is not a step in respiration?

A
Alveolar diffusion of $$O_{2}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$

B
Transport of gases by blood

C
Diffusion of $$O_{2}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$ between blood and tissues

D
Utilisation of $$CO_{2}$$ by cells for catabolic reactions

Solution

Out of the given options, the processes or steps that are included as parts of the respiration in humans include alveolar diffusion of O$$_2$$ and CO$$_2$$, transport of gases by blood, and diffusion of O$$_2$$ and CO$$_2$$ between blood and tissues among others. However, the utilization of CO$$_2$$ by cells for catabolic reactions is not considered a part of respiration in humans.

So, the correct answer is 'The utilisation of CO$$_2$$ by cells for catabolic reactions'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Read the given statements and select the correct option.

Statement 1: About 70% of $$CO_{2}$$ that enters RBCs changes into. $$HCO_3$$ for transport in plasma to the lungs where it reconverts into $$CO_{2}$$ for elimination.
Statement 2: About 40% of $$CO_{2}$$ that enters RBCs changes into carbaminohaemoglobin which releases $$O_{2}$$ in the lungs.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

B
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

C
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Solution

About 20- 25% of $$CO_{2}$$ is carried by Hb as carbaminohaemoglobin. $$CO_{2}$$ reacts directly with amine radicals $$NH_{2}$$ of Hb to form an unstable compound called carbaminohaemoglobin which releases $$CO_{2}$$ in the lungs.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following factors is not favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin?

A
High $$pO_{2}$$

B
Low temperature

C
Less H+ concentration

D
High $$pCO_{2}$$

Solution

Following are the four factors that are responsible for the oxyhaemoglobin in alveoli:
$$pO_2$$:The greater the partial pressure of the oxygen causes the binding of hemoglobin with the oxygen efficiently.
$$Temperature$$: The normal temperature favors the binding of hemoglobin with oxygen. The high temperature is responsible for the dissociation of the oxygen from haemoglobin.
$$pCO_2$$: The large amount of the carbon dioxide decreases the formation of the oxyhaemoglobin. The carbon dioxide has more affinity for haemoglobin than with the oxygen.
$$H^+$$: The increase in the hydrogen ion concentration or decrease in pH causes the increases in the dissociation of haemoglobin.
Thus, a high $$pCO_2$$ is not favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin.
So, the correct answer is (D).

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 46

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 46

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Question 1

IRV + ERV

IRV + ERV + TV - RV

IRV + ERV + TV + RV

IRV + ERV + TV.

Solution

Question 2

if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure decreases proportionately

if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure also increases proportionately

if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure decreases disproportionately

if volume of lungs is increased, then pressure remains the same.

Solution

Question 3

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Residual Volume (RV)

IRV + RV + ERV

IRV + TV + ERV

TV + RV + ERV

Solution

Question 4

Perichondrium

Pericardium

Pleural membrane

Peritoneum

Solution

Question 5

(1) - three, (2) - two, (3) - gills (4)-tracheae

(1) - two, (2) - three, (5) - vital capacity

(3) - gills, (4) - tracheae, (5) - tidal volume

(3) - tracheae, (4) - gills, (5) - tidal volume

Solution

Question 6

3-9%

1-2%

3-6%

2-3%

Solution

Question 7

The contraction of internal intercostal muscles lifts up the ribs and sternum.

The RBCs transport oxygen only.

The thoracic cavity is anatomically an air tight chamber.

Healthy man can inspire approximately 500 mL of air per minute.

Solution

Question 8

Alveolar diffusion of $$O_{2}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$

Transport of gases by blood

Diffusion of $$O_{2}$$ and $$CO_{2}$$ between blood and tissues

Utilisation of $$CO_{2}$$ by cells for catabolic reactions

Solution

Question 9

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Solution

Question 10

High $$pO_{2}$$

Low temperature

Less H+ concentration

High $$pCO_{2}$$

Solution

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