Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 48

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 48

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Given below are few respiratory disorders. Identify occupational respiratory disorders among these.
(i) Coryza
(ii) SARS
(iii) Silicosis
(iv) Asbestosis
(v) Emphysema

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(i) and (v)

C
(iii) and (iv)

D
(i), (ii) and (v)

Solution

Silicosis and asbestosis are known as occupational disorders as they occur due to one's occupation. Workers working in industries where silica and asbestos are used can suffer from these respiratory disorders.
Question 2
1 / -0

Receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid artery can recognise changes in __(i)__ and __(ii)__ concentration and send necessary signals to __(iii)__ for remedial actions.

A
(i) $$O_{2}$$ (ii) $$CO_{2}$$ (iii)pneumotaxic centre

B
(i) $$CO_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii) rhythm centre

C
(i) $$CO_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii) apneustic centre

D
(i) $$O_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii)pneumotaxic centre

Solution

Receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid artery can recognise a change in $$CO_{2}$$ and $$H^+$$ concentration and send necessary signals to the rhythm centre (medulla oblongata) that controls the rate of breathing.
So, the correct answer is (B).
Question 3
1 / -0

Rate of breathing is controlled mainly by ________________.

A
$$CO_{2}$$ level in blood

B
pH in blood

C
$$O_{2}$$ level in blood

D
$$O_{2}$$ level and pH in blood.

Solution

Rate of breathing is mainly controlled by $$CO_2$$ level in the blood. Excess $$CO_2$$ decrease the pH of the blood and it mainly stimulate the respiratory centre of the brain (i.e., Medulla oblongata) and increase the inspiratory and expiratory signals to the respiratory muscles.
Question 4
1 / -0

The urge to inhale in humans results from

A
rising P$$CO_{2}$$

B
rising $$PO_{2}$$

C
falling P$$CO_{2}$$

D
falling $$PO_{2}$$

Solution

Excess $$CO_{2}$$ mainly stimulates the respiratory centre of the brain and increase the inspiratory and expiratory signals to the respiratory muscles. $$O_{2}$$ does not have a significant direct effect on the respiratory centre of the brain in controlling respiration.
Question 5
1 / -0

Although much $$CO_{2}$$ is carried in blood, yet blood does not become acidic, because

A
$$CO_{2}$$ is absorbed by the leukocytes

B
$$CO_{2}$$ combines with water to form $$H_{2}CO_{3}$$ which is neutralised by $$Na_{2}CO_{3}$$

C
$$CO_{2}$$ transport and blood buffers play an important role in it

D
it is continuously diffused through the tissues and is not allowed to accumulate.

Solution

Although much C$$O_{2}$$ is carried in the blood, yet blood does not become acidic. It is due to C$$O_{2}$$ transport and buffering action of blood. The main buffer present in the blood is bicarbonate (which is formed during C$$O_{2}$$ transport in the blood). Bicarbonates exist in equilibrium with carbonic acid which in turn can be converted to C$$O_{2}$$ and water.
$$H_{2}O + CO_{2} \leftrightharpoons H_{2}CO_{3} \leftrightharpoons H^{+} + HCO_{3}^{-}$$
So the correct answer is 'CO2 transport and blood buffers play an important role in it'.
Question 6
1 / -0

During rest, the metabolic needs of the body are at their minimum. Which of the following is indicative of this situation?

A
Rate of breathing

B
$$O_{2}$$ intake and $$CO_{2}$$ output

C
Pulse rate

D
All of these

Solution

Metabolic activities are the sum of physical and chemical processes taking place in the living organisms. Rate of breathing, $$O_{2}$$ intake and $$CO_{2}$$ output and pulse rate slow down indicating that the metabolic needs of the body are at their minimum during rest.
Question 7
1 / -0

Read the following four statements carefully.
(i) Ventral respiratory group of neurons of medulla oblongata can cause both inspiration and expiration.
(ii) The part of the respiratory system starting with the external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles constitutes the respiratory or exchange part of the respiratory system.
(iii) During swallowing epiglottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called glottis to prevent the entry of food into the larynx.
(iv) Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is primarily related to partial pressure of $$O_{2}$$.
Which of the above two statements are correct?

A
(ii) and (iii)

B
(iii) and (iv)

C
(i)and(ii)

D
(i) and (iv)

Solution

The part of the respiratory system starting with the external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles constitutes the conducting part whereas the alveoli and their ducts form the respiratory or exchange part. During swallowing, glottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called epiglottis to prevent the entry of food into the larynx.
Question 8
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Direction: Refer to the given graph and select the correct options for the questions that follow.

Which of these is correct regarding D, E and F areas in the graph?

A
D shows venous blood in exercise.

B
E shows normal venous blood.

C
F shows normal arterial blood.

D
All of the above

Solution

According to the graph given in the question, the points D, E< and F correspond to venous blood in exercise, normal venous blood, and normal arterial blood.
So, the correct answer is 'All of these'.
Question 9
1 / -0

During winter a person died during sleep, the room was closed and a container with burnt charcoal was found in the room. What may be the possible reason of his death?

A
Non-availability of oxygen

B
Hb has more affinity to combine with carbon monoxide

C
Hb has more affinity to combine with carbon dioxide

D
Combined effect of both (a) and (b)

Solution

Charcoal on burning produces carbon monoxide (CO). CO has about 200 times more affinity for Hb than $$O_{2}$$. On combining with Hb, it forms a stable compound carboxyhaemoglobin. Because of this compound, Hb cannot carry sufficient $$O_{2}$$ to the tissues ultimately leading to death.
Question 10
1 / -0

The toxic effect of carbon monoxide is due to its greater affinity for haemoglobin as compared to oxygen approximately by

A
200 times

B
1000 times

C
2 times

D
20 times.

Solution

Carbon monoxide combines with Hb far more readily than $$O_{2}$$ (CO has about 200 times greater affinity for Hb as compared to $$O_{2}$$), forming a relatively stable compound carboxyhaemoglobin. This causes low supply of $$O_{2}$$ to the body cells leading to headache, nausea, dizziness, paralysis and even death.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 48

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 48

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Question 1

(i) and (ii)

(i) and (v)

(iii) and (iv)

(i), (ii) and (v)

Solution

Question 2

(i) $$O_{2}$$ (ii) $$CO_{2}$$ (iii)pneumotaxic centre

(i) $$CO_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii) rhythm centre

(i) $$CO_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii) apneustic centre

(i) $$O_{2}$$ (ii) $$H^+$$ (iii)pneumotaxic centre

Solution

Question 3

$$CO_{2}$$ level in blood

pH in blood

$$O_{2}$$ level in blood

$$O_{2}$$ level and pH in blood.

Solution

Question 4

rising P$$CO_{2}$$

rising $$PO_{2}$$

falling P$$CO_{2}$$

falling $$PO_{2}$$

Solution

Question 5

$$CO_{2}$$ is absorbed by the leukocytes

$$CO_{2}$$ combines with water to form $$H_{2}CO_{3}$$ which is neutralised by $$Na_{2}CO_{3}$$

$$CO_{2}$$ transport and blood buffers play an important role in it

it is continuously diffused through the tissues and is not allowed to accumulate.

Solution

Question 6

Rate of breathing

$$O_{2}$$ intake and $$CO_{2}$$ output

Pulse rate

All of these

Solution

Question 7

(ii) and (iii)

(iii) and (iv)

(i)and(ii)

(i) and (iv)

Solution

Question 8

D shows venous blood in exercise.

E shows normal venous blood.

F shows normal arterial blood.

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

Non-availability of oxygen

Hb has more affinity to combine with carbon monoxide

Hb has more affinity to combine with carbon dioxide

Combined effect of both (a) and (b)

Solution

Question 10

200 times

1000 times

2 times

20 times.

Solution

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