Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 51

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 51

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Question 1
1 / -0

At higher altitudes, the air becomes rarer and amount of oxygen per liter of air decreases.
Increase in all of the following would compensate this decrease for performing normal biological functions of our body, except

A
The concentration of haemoglobin

B
The number of red blood cells

C
The temperature of the body

D
The rate of breathing
Solution
Higher altitudes have less pressure than planes and the air is thin that means the number of oxygen molecule present in air is less than the air of planes normally known as altitude sickness.
To compensate these decrease body adapted various methods. These are:-
The concentration of RBC increase which ultimately increases the haemoglobin concentration as it helps in carrying more oxygen.
The rate of breathing increase to get more oxygen.
So the correct option is 'The temperature of the body'
Question 2
1 / -0

Transport of $$CO2$$ is in the form of

A
Sulphates

B
Phosphates

C
carbonates

D
chloride

Solution

Some of the carbon dioxide is transported dissolved in the plasma. Some carbon dioxide is transported as carbaminohemoglobin. However, most carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate. As blood flows through the tissues, carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells, where it is converted into bicarbonate.

So the correct option is 'carbonates'.
Question 3
1 / -0

During inspiration, the diaphragm

A
Expands

B
Shows no change

C
Contracts and flattens

D
Relaxed to become dome shaped

Solution

During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens to increase the volume of the the thoracic cavity. This increase in volume leads to a decrease in intra-alveolar pressure, which is a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure and creates the pressure gradient. Due to the gradient the air is from the atmosphere is forced inside the lungs through nasal cavity.
So, the correct answer is 'Contracts and flattens'.
Question 4
1 / -0

How many statements are wrong about asthma?

(i) The respiratory surface is decreased.
(ii) The only cause of it is cigarette smoking.
(iii) Due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.
(iv) Alveolar walls are damaged altogether.
(v) Difficulty in breathing causes wheezing.

A
One

B
Two

C
Three

D
Five

Solution

In asthma:

(i) Respiratory surface is decreased.

(ii) Cigarette smoking is one of its causes. It can occur due to air pollution, dust allergies etc.

(iii) The symptoms of asthma begin with the inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.

(iv) Alveolar walls are damaged in asthma

(v) Asthma results in difficulty in breathing, causing wheezing. Hence, only one statement is wrong. So, the correct answer is 'The only cause of it, is cigarette smoking'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Rate of breathing is controlled mainly by

A
$$CO_2$$ level in blood

B
pH in blood

C
$$O_2$$ level in blood

D
$$O_2$$ level and pH in blood

Solution

The rate of breathing is controlled mainly by CO$$_2$$ level in blood. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO$$_2$$) controls the respiratory rate. The respiratory centre measures the levels of carbon dioxide, oxygen and acidosis in the arterial blood and sends message accordingly. If the carbon dioxide levels in the blood increases, the rate and depth of breathing increases.
Thus, the correct answer is 'CO$$_2$$ level in blood.'
Question 6
1 / -0

Partial pressures of $$CO_2$$ at alveoli and oxygenated blood are, respectively (in mmHg)

A
40, 45

B
45, 40

C
95, 40

D
40, 40
Solution
- The partial pressure is the pressure exerted by a particular gas within a mixture of gasses. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide at alveoli is about 40 mm of Hg and partial pressure of carbon dioxide at oxygenated blood is about 45 mm of Hg. Similarly, partial pressure of oxygen at alveoli is about 104 mm Hg.
Thus, the correct answer is '40, 45.'
Question 7
1 / -0

Read the following statements (A to D)
(A) Rib is a flat bone connected vertebral column and dorsally to the sternum.
(B) First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs.
(C) 8$$^{th}$$ ,9$$^{th}$$ and 10$$^{th}$$ pairs of the ribs are called vertebro sternal ribs.
(D) 10$$^{th}$$ and 11$$^{th}$$ pairs of ribs are not connected dorsally and are therefore called floating ribs.
How many statements are correct?

A
One

B
Two

C
Three

D
None

Solution

A. Ribs are attached to sternum with their anterior ends.
B. First seven pair of ribs are called true ribs because their anterior are directly attached to the sternum.
C. The 8th, 9th and 10th pair of ribs are called false ribs.
D. 11tth and 12th pair of ribs are called floating ribs because their anterior ends are not attached to the sternum.
Hence only statement B is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'One'.
Question 8
1 / -0

In the larva of frog the respiration is carried out by

A
Gills

B
Lungs

C
Skin

D
Skin and gills

Solution

Frogs show metamorphosis. They mature from tadpole stage into adult frogs. In the larva of frog, the respiration is carried out by gills. The gills absorb oxygen from the water passing over them. The major transition in the process of metamorphosis in frogs is having gills to having functional lungs in an adult.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Gills'.
Question 9
1 / -0

When carbon dioxide concentration in blood increases, breathing becomes ............ and ...........

A
Shallower and slow

B
Slow and deep

C
Faster and deeper

D
None of the above

Solution

When the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in blood that results in decreasing the affinity of hemoglobin towards oxygen or amount of oxygen is less in blood. To compensate the oxygen amount breathing goes faster and deeper and is known as hyperventilation which is controlled by the medullary respiratory center.
So the correct option is 'Faster and deeper'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Maximum amount of $$CO_2$$ produced by our body is transported

A
As bicarbonates

B
As carbonates

C
Attached to haemoglobin

D
Dissolved in blood plasma

Solution

Blood is the medium of transport for carbon dioxide. Nearly 20-25 per cent of carbon dioxide is transport by RBC's whereas 70 per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate. About 7 per cent of carbon dioxide is carried in a dissolved state through plasma.
So the correct answer is 'As bicarbonates'.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 51

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 51

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Question 1

The concentration of haemoglobin

The number of red blood cells

The temperature of the body

The rate of breathing

Solution

Question 2

Sulphates

Phosphates

carbonates

chloride

Solution

Question 3

Expands

Shows no change

Contracts and flattens

Relaxed to become dome shaped

Solution

Question 4

One

Two

Three

Five

Solution

Question 5

$$CO_2$$ level in blood

pH in blood

$$O_2$$ level in blood

$$O_2$$ level and pH in blood

Solution

Question 6

40, 45

45, 40

95, 40

40, 40

Solution

Question 7

One

Two

Three

None

Solution

Question 8

Gills

Lungs

Skin

Skin and gills

Solution

Question 9

Shallower and slow

Slow and deep

Faster and deeper

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

As bicarbonates

As carbonates

Attached to haemoglobin

Dissolved in blood plasma

Solution

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