Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 53

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 53

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood, mainly as

A
Sodium bicarbonate

B
Potassium bicarbonate

C
Carbamino-haemoglobin

D
Dissolved gas in plasma

Solution

Nearly 20-25 per cent of CO$$_2$$ is transported by RBCs whereas 70 per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate.About 7 per cent of CO$$_2$$ is carried in a dissolved state through plasma.
RBCs contain a very high concentration of the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and minute quantities of the same is present in the plasma too. This enzyme facilitates the following reaction in both directions.
At the tissue site where partial pressure of CO$$_2$$ is high due to catabolism, CO$$_2$$ diffuses into blood (RBCs and plasma) and forms HCO$$_3$$ and H+. This HCO$$_3$$ combines with Na$$^{+}$$ to form sodium bicarbonate. At the alveolar site where pCO$$_2$$ is low, the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction leading to the formation of CO$$_2$$ and H$$_2$$O. Thus, CO$$_2$$ trapped as bicarbonate at the tissue level and transported to the alveoli is released out as CO$$_2$$.
So, the correct option is 'Sodium bicarbonate'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is the correct path of oxygen in humans during inhalation?

A
Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

B
Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

C
Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole

D
Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchioles $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

Solution

The correct path of oxygen transfer is nostrils - external structures, nasal passage or the nasal cavity then into the pharynx followed by trachea and bronchii to smaller branches called the bronchioles and lastly the alveoli from where it is exchanged into the blood stream with the help of capillaries surrounding the alveoli.
So, the correct answer is Nostrils → Nasal Cavity → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchiole → Alveoli
Question 3
1 / -0

Read the following statements carefully and select the incorrect statement

A
Carbon monoxide binds to Hb with higher affinity than oxygen and forms carboxyhemoglobin

B
Nearly 23% of oxygen is transported as oxyhemoglobin in RBC's of blood.

C
100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of $$CO_2$$ to the alveoli under normal physiological conditions.

D
About 72% of $$CO_2$$ gets transported via blood plasma.

Solution

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas which binds to hemoglobin with higher affinity than the oxygen. It has about 200 times more affinity for hemoglobin as compared to oxygen. When it binds to hemoglobin, it forms carboxyhemoglobin. About 97% of oxygen is transported as oxyhemoglobin in RBCs of the blood. The remaining 3% is transported through the plasma. Similarly, about 20-25% of C0$$_2$$ is transported by RBCs, about 72% of it is transported as bicarbonate via blood plasma and about 7% is bound to plasma protein. Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood delivers approximately 5 ml of oxygen to tissues under normal physiological conditions. Similarly, every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of C0$$_2$$ to the alveoli under normal physiological conditions.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Nearly 23% of oxygen is transported as oxyhemoglobin in RBC's of blood.'
Question 4
1 / -0

When under certain conditions, $${ P }_{ 50 }$$ value in blood rises, the affinity of respiratory pigment of combining with $${ O }_{ 2 }$$ will:

A
Remain same

B
Rise

C
Fall

D
First rise and then fall

Solution

The $${ P }_{ 50 }$$ is the oxygen partial pressure at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated. The normal $${ P }_{ 50 }$$ is 26.7 mm Hg. Shifting the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right increases $${ P }_{ 50 }$$ and lowers the hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen.

So the correct answer is option 'C'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Increase in body temperature makes oxygen haemoglobin curve to shift?

A
Right

B
Left

C
Central

D
None of these

Solution

The increase in body temperature shifts the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociative curve to the right, as increase in body temperature weakens bond formation between Haemoglobin and Oxygen.
So, the correct answer is 'Right'
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following happens with the increase in body temperature due to enhanced metabolic activities in the human body?

A
Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve will shift to right side at tissue level

B
Affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen will increase at tissue level

C
Sensitivity of chemoreceptors to $$pO_2$$ increases dramatically white it falls for $$pCO_2$$ & $$H^+$$

D
Bohr's effect will not occur

Solution

Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve relates to the oxygen saturation and partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. The amount of haemoglobin requirement and then released from the blood to surrounding tissues. The oxygen dissociation curve can be shifted right or left by a variety of factors. A right shift indicates decreased oxygen affinity of haemoglobin which allows more oxygen to the tissues. A left shift indicates increased oxygen affinity allows less oxygen to the tissues.
So, the correct answer is 'Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve will shift to the right side at tissue level'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Select the correct statement about oxygen transport in blood.

A
During normal activity, a molecule of haemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of oxygen

B
During acidosis, haemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiency

C
Increased BPG levels in the red blood cell enhance oxygen carrying capacity of blood

D
Foetal haemoglobin has higher affinity for oxygen in comparison to maternal haemoglobin
Solution
- Hemoglobin is a respiratory pigment present in the blood of the vertebrates. It is located on the RBC of the blood and is used for transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- It is globular protein made up of 2 parts the heme or the iron group and the globin protein.
- The heme group is a nonpeptide prosthetic group which consist of a protoporphyrin ring and Fe+2 ion which forms on either side of the heme group.
- Globin has a quaternary structure. It has 4 polypeptide chains alpha and beta held together by non-covalent bonds. Each chain contains a heme group located in the crevice near the exterior of the molecule.
So, the correct option is 'During normal activity, a molecule of haemoglobin returning to the lungs carriers one molecule of oxygen'
Question 8
1 / -0

Which letter represent bronchus in the figure given below?

A
L

B
M

C
N

D
O

E
None of these

Solution

The bronchus is the passage of airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs. the first bronchi to branch from the trachea are the right main bronchi and left main bronchi.
So, the correct option is 'L'.
Question 9
1 / -0

The correct form and the percentage of $$ C{ O}_{ 2} $$ carried by the blood in man is

A
Carboxyhaemoglobin- 70 %

B
Bicarbonates - 30 %

C
Dissolved gas in plasma- 3 %

D
Bicarbonates - 70 %

Solution

Carboxyhaemoglobin is a stable complex of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin that forms in red blood cell upon contact with CO which is 70% in blood.
So, the correct option is 'Carboxyhaemoglobin- 70%'
Question 10
1 / -0

Which letter represents bronchus in the figure given below?

A
L

B
M

C
N

D
O

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 53

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 53

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Sodium bicarbonate

Potassium bicarbonate

Carbamino-haemoglobin

Dissolved gas in plasma

Solution

Question 2

Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchiole

Nostrils $$\rightarrow$$ Nasal Cavity $$\rightarrow$$ Pharynx $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchi $$\rightarrow$$ Trachea $$\rightarrow$$ Bronchioles $$\rightarrow$$ Alveoli

Solution

Question 3

Carbon monoxide binds to Hb with higher affinity than oxygen and forms carboxyhemoglobin

Nearly 23% of oxygen is transported as oxyhemoglobin in RBC's of blood.

100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of $$CO_2$$ to the alveoli under normal physiological conditions.

About 72% of $$CO_2$$ gets transported via blood plasma.

Solution

Question 4

Remain same

Rise

Fall

First rise and then fall

Solution

Question 5

Right

Left

Central

None of these

Solution

Question 6

Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve will shift to right side at tissue level

Affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen will increase at tissue level

Sensitivity of chemoreceptors to $$pO_2$$ increases dramatically white it falls for $$pCO_2$$ & $$H^+$$

Bohr's effect will not occur

Solution

Question 7

During normal activity, a molecule of haemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of oxygen

During acidosis, haemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiency

Increased BPG levels in the red blood cell enhance oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Foetal haemoglobin has higher affinity for oxygen in comparison to maternal haemoglobin

Solution

Question 8

L

M

N

O

None of these

Solution

Question 9

Carboxyhaemoglobin- 70 %

Bicarbonates - 30 %

Dissolved gas in plasma- 3 %

Bicarbonates - 70 %

Solution

Question 10

L

M

N

O

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