Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 54

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 54

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

How is the bulk of $$CO_2$$ is carried in the blood?

A
As potassium bicarbonate

B
Dissolved form in plasma

C
As sodium bicarbonate

D
As carbaminohemoglobin

Solution

Carbon dioxide in the blood is a waste product carried by the blood. Some of this carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma of the blood, but the bulk of carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate. Carbon dioxide is finally removed from our lungs by exhaling this gas. Since carbon dioxide is quickly converted into bicarbonate ions, this reaction allows for the continued uptake of carbon dioxide into the blood down its concentration gradient. The majority of carbon dioxide molecules (85 per cent) are carried as part of the bicarbonate buffer system.
So the correct answer is 'As potassium bicarbonate'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Pneumoconiosis is a type of?

A
Emphysema

B
Occupational renal disease

C
Occupational respiratory disease

D
Coronary artery disease

Solution

Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of air sacs weaken and rupture creating larger air spaces instead of smaller ones.
So, the correct option is 'Emphysema'.
Question 3
1 / -0

The width of the chest during inspiration :

A
Decreases

B
Does not change

C
Increases

D
None of these
Solution
- When you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contract and move downward. This increases the space in the chest cavity into which lungs expand.
- The intercostal muscles between ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity.
So, the correct option is 'Does not change'.
Question 4
1 / -0

$$\underline{x}$$ produce substances $$\underline{y}$$ by the stimulation of HCl. Find out the x and y.

A
x-F, y-CCK

B
x-B, y-Gastric enzymes

C
x-F, y-Secretin

D
x-C, y-$$HCO^-_3$$ and mucus

Solution

Cholecystokinin(CCK), a digestive hormone secreted by the cells of the upper small intestine called duodenum. Its secretion is stimulated by the introduction of hydrochloric acid into the duodenum. Cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release stored bile into the intestine. It plays a key role in facilitating digestion within the small intestine. Hence, in the above diagram x denotes the duodenum and y denotes cholecystokinin(CCK).

Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Pneumotaxis and inhibitory centers are associated with _______________.

A
Breathing

B
Respiration

C
Digestion

D
Sleeping
Solution
- Regulation of respiration is done by the nervous mechanism.
- A specialized center present in the medulla region of the brain called the respiratory rhythm center is primarily responsible for this regulation.
- Another center is present in the pons region in the brain called pneumataxis centre can moderate the function of the respiratory rhythm centre.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Column I represent disease and column II represents their symptoms Choose the correctly paired option
Column I Column II
(P) Asthma (i) Recurring of bronchitis
(Q) Emphysema (ii) Accumulation of W.B.CS in alveolus
(R) Pneumonia (iii) Allergy

A
P=ii, Q=ii, R=i

B
P=iii, Q=i, R=ii

C
P=ii, Q=iii, R=i

D
P=ii, Q=i, R=iii

Solution

B. P-iii , Q-i , R-ii
Solution : asthma is an allergic disease caused due to the hypersensitive reaction from our immune system when the allergen travels into the bronchioles of the lungs. Emphysema is caused due to the damage of alveoli as a result of recurring of bronchitis . Pneumonia is caused when the alveoli gets filled with pus or WBCs and dead cells.
So the correct answer is " P-iii , Q-i , R-ii".
Question 7
1 / -0

The amount of oxygen transported by a litre of oxygenated blood to tissues of a person undergoing severe exercise will be _______________.

A
$$150ml$$

B
$$200ml$$

C
$$15ml$$

D
$$ 5 ml$$

Solution

Under strenuous conditions, muscle cells consume oxygen at a faster rate. The amount of oxygen transported will be 150 ml as per the rate of 15 mL O$$_2$$ per 100mL of blood.
So, the correct option is '150mL'.
Question 8
1 / -0

The oxygen-binding curve for myoglobin is steep and shifted to the left of the same curve for hemoglobin. This indicates that ________________________.

A
people with myoglobin are acclimated for life at high altitudes

B
myoglobin occurs in high concentration in the human foetus

C
myoglobin does not function well at high percent saturation of oxygen

D
myoglobin picks up and releases $$O_2$$ at lower partial pressure values than does haemoglobin.
Question 9
1 / -0

When there is no air in initial bronchioles, they do not collapse. It is due to the presence of _________________.

A
Lecithin

B
Complete cartilaginous rings

C
Incomplete cartilaginous rings

D
Transformed elastic cartilage

Solution

This is due to the presence of transformed elastic cartilage which gives support to the initial bronchioles and prevents it from collapsing. The incomplete cartilaginous rings that are present in the trachea and bronchi are absent in the bronchioles. They are supported by the transformed elastic cartilage.
So, the correct option is 'transformed elastic cartilage'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve corresponds to blood during resting i.e, normal condition (curve 'x) and blood during exercise (curve 'y')?

A

B

C

D

Solution

During exercise, more respiration occurs and hence more oxygen, oxygen dissociation curve shifts to right. At given oxygen partial pressure, hemoglobin is less saturated with oxygen. Hemoglobin has less affinity for oxygen.
The standard curve is shifted to the right by an increase in temperature, 2,3-DPG, or PCO2, or a decrease in pH. The curve is shifted to the left by the opposite of these conditions. A rightward shift, by definition, causes a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.