Body Fluids and Circulation Test

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 53

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

Match the following with regard to ECG

(a)	Prolonged Q-T interval	(i)	Fast beating of heart
(b)	Tall T-wave	(ii)	Block of conduction through bundle of His
(c)	Shortened P-R interval	(iii)	Hypothyroidism
(d)	Variation in QRS interval	(iv)	Enlarged atria
		(v)	Hyperkalemia

a-v, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

a-ii, b-iv, c-v, d-i

a-iii, b-v, c-ii, d-i

a-iii, b-v, c-i, d-ii.

Solution

Hypothyroidism is caused by atrioventricular blocks and of acquired long QT syndrome.
Tall and narrow (peaked) T wave in the electrocardiogram indicates the hyperkalemia. That can cause life-threatening arrhythmia.
The shortened P-R interval causes the pre-excitation or AV nodal (junctional) rhythm.
Wolff Parkinson's white syndrome, increasing age along with other common conditions such as ischemia or myocardial infarction. It can lead to damage to the AV node or the more conduction tissues such as the bundle of His.
Variation in the QRS interval may be cause the blockage of conduction through a bundle of His.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Question 2
1 / -0

Which blood group is universal donor

A
$$O^+$$

B
$$O^-$$

C
$$AB^+$$

D
$$AB^-$$.

Solution

O- is universal donor as they don't have any kind of antigens like A, B and Rh factor. It does not create any complications to the recipients of any kind of blood group.
So, the correct answer is B.
Question 3
1 / -0

Identify the correct sequence of blood coagulation (a) Activation of prothrombin (b) Formation of prothrombin activator (c) Formation of blood clot (d) Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

A
b - d - a - c

B
b - a - d - c

C
a - d - c - b

D
a - b - c - d
Solution
Blood coagulation occurs in the following sequence:
- Whenever there is rupture of blood vessels or damage is caused to blood, a complex of substances called prothrombin activator complex is formed.
- The activators convert prothrombin into thrombin.
- Thrombin acts as an enzyme and converts fibrinogen into fibrin threads.
- Fibrin threads accumulate and clump to form blood clot at the wound site.
So, the correct answer is 'b- a- d- c'.
Question 4
1 / -0

The natural antibodies in the plasma of a person with blood group 'O' is

A
anti-A

B
anti-B

C
anti-A and anti-B

D
anti-B and anti-D

E
anti-D.

Solution

O blood group has antibody A and antibody B. This type has no antigens. So, it can be given to any patients of other blood group.
So, the correct answer is C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Choose the correct statement among the following.

A
Atrioventricular node is the pacemaker that generates action potential and initiates the atrial systole

B
During each cardiac cycle the lub sound is due to closure of semilunar valves

C
Stroke volume in each cardiac cycle is approximately 170 ml of blood.

D
QRS complex in an ECG indicates depolarisation of ventricles

E
The opening between right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by bicuspid valve.

Solution

A. Pacemaker of heart is Sinoatrial node located in right atrium. It generates impulses which lead to contraction of atria.
B. Lubb is the first sound of heart beat and produced due to closure of atrioventricular valves.
C. Stroke volume is the amount of blood delivered to heart by the veins. In each cardiac cycle stroke volume is about 70ml of blood.
D. QRS complex in an ECG represents depolarisation of ventricles which initiates contraction of ventricles.
E. The opening between right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by tricuspid valve.
Hence, statement D is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'QRS complex in an ECG indicates depolarisation of ventricles'.
Question 6
1 / -0

The atria and ventricles are separated by deep transverse groove called

A
Patent foramen ovale

B
Mediastenum

C
Auricular appendix

D
Coronary sulcus.

Solution

The atria and ventricles are separated by coronary sulcus. It contains nutrient vessels of the heart and deficient in front, where it is crossed by pulmonary artery.
So, the correct answer is D.
Question 7
1 / -0

In a healthy human, the most common type of blood cells are

A
Basophils

B
Monocytes

C
Erythrocytes

D
Neutrophils.

Solution

RBC or red blood cells are most abundant blood cells in a healthy individual. In cases of a disease, WBC count increases to help the body fight against pathogens/allergens.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Incomplete double circulation is seen in

A
Fish

B
Amphibians

C
Birds

D
Mammals

E
Arthropods.

Solution

Incomplete double circulation is seen in Amphibians as they have three chambered heart. Two arteries and one ventricle are present. Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood gets mixed in ventricle.
So, the correct answer is B.
Question 9
1 / -0

What are phagocytic cells from the given diagram?

A
I and V

B
I and III

C
I and IV

D
I and II

Solution

The given diagram shows different types of white blood cells or leucocytes.
I represents monocyte.
II represents lymphocyte.
III represents eosinophil.
IV represents basophil
V represents neutrophil.
Out of these cells, phagocytic cells are monocytes and neutrophils i.e. I and V.
Monocytes are agranulocytes which are actively motile and phagocytic cells. Neutrophils are granulocytes which perform phagocytosis and destroy harmful bacteria entering the body.
So, the correct answer is 'I and V'.
Question 10
1 / -0

The T-wave in one ECG represents

A
Return of the ventricles from excited state

B
Beginning of systole

C
Electrical excitation of atria

D
Depolarisation of ventricles.

Solution

T wave represents the return of the ventricle from excited state. T wave is positive as repolarization of ventricle occurs in opposite directions.
So, the correct answer is A.

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 53

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 53

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Question 1

a-v, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

a-ii, b-iv, c-v, d-i

a-iii, b-v, c-ii, d-i

a-iii, b-v, c-i, d-ii.

Solution

Question 2

$$O^+$$

$$O^-$$

$$AB^+$$

$$AB^-$$.

Solution

Question 3

b - d - a - c

b - a - d - c

a - d - c - b

a - b - c - d

Solution

Question 4

anti-A

anti-B

anti-A and anti-B

anti-B and anti-D

anti-D.

Solution

Question 5

Atrioventricular node is the pacemaker that generates action potential and initiates the atrial systole

During each cardiac cycle the lub sound is due to closure of semilunar valves

Stroke volume in each cardiac cycle is approximately 170 ml of blood.

QRS complex in an ECG indicates depolarisation of ventricles

The opening between right atrium and right ventricle is guarded by bicuspid valve.

Solution

Question 6

Patent foramen ovale

Mediastenum

Auricular appendix

Coronary sulcus.

Solution

Question 7

Basophils

Monocytes

Erythrocytes

Neutrophils.

Solution

Question 8

Fish

Amphibians

Birds

Mammals

Arthropods.

Solution

Question 9

I and V

I and III

I and IV

I and II

Solution

Question 10

Return of the ventricles from excited state

Beginning of systole

Electrical excitation of atria

Depolarisation of ventricles.

Solution

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