Body Fluids and Circulation Test

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 72

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The connection between pulmonary and aortic arches in foetus is

A
Ligamentum teres

B
Ductus arteriosus

C
Foramen ovale

D
All of the above

Solution

In the developing foetus, the ductus arteriosus also called the ductus Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the foetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs. Upon closure at birth, it becomes the ligamentum arteriosum.
So, the correct answer is 'Ductus arteriosus'
Question 2
1 / -0

It is necessary to separate oxygenated blood from the deoxygenated blood in mammals:

A
To maintain the body temperature

B
To provide more oxygen to cells

C
Both A and B

D
To maintain body balance
Solution
- In birds and mammals, it is essential to keep the oxygenated blood separated from the deoxygenated blood.
- Birds and mammals are warm-blooded animals. Their energy requirement is high as they need the energy to maintain constant body temperature.
- By keeping them separate, only oxygenated blood is sent out to the body's tissues for far more efficient diffusion into the cells of the body, giving them more 'fuel' to run cellular respiration in the mitochondria, to make ATP molecules run the reactions that allow them to maintain body temperature in addition to running all of their metabolic reactions of the body.
- If they were not separated, it would probably take much longer to perform simple activities and metabolism would be reduced as a consequence.
- So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

The renal portal system of vertebrates is significant for

A
Elimination of excess fats by kidneys

B
Removing nitrogenous wastes in kidneys

C
Supplying food to the kidneys

D
Draining blood from the kidney

Solution

When the vein of any organ of the body does not open in the caval vein or heart but it divides into capillaries in any other organ and its blood is transported by a vein of that other organ to heart then this type of system is called Portal system. It is of three types- Renal portal system, Hepatic portal system, Hypophysial portal system. The renal portal system comprises of veins which collect blood from posterior parts of body and legs and combines to form a renal portal vein. This vein goes into kidney and divides into capillaries. Kidneys separate nitrogenous wastes from this blood. This partly purified blood is now transported to the heart. This system is present in frog but absent in mammals.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

From the ECG of a normal human given above, pick up the correct interpretation.

A
The complex QRS- is one complete pulse.

B
Peak P- initiation of left atrial contraction only.

C
Peak P and peak R together- systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

D
Peak T- initiation of total cardiac cycle.

Solution

The QRS complex is a name for the combination of three of the graphical deflections seen on a typical electrocardiogram (ECG). It corresponds to the simultaneous depolarization of the right and left ventricles of the human heart and also represents the pulse.
So, the correct answer 'The complex QRS- is one complete pulse.'
Question 5
1 / -0

EEG represents spontaneous

A
Electrical activity of brain recorded from the scalp

B
Activity of pace maker

C
Activity of alimentary canal

D
None of the above

Solution

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the recording of electrical activity along the scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current flows within the neurons of the brain.
Question 6
1 / -0

Tooth extraction in a person causes death due to excessive bleeding. This is because of

A
Absence of prothrombin

B
Presence of plasma factor that causes haemorrhage

C
Presence of plasma factor that prevents blood clotting

D
Absence of plasma factor required for haemorrhage

Solution

Prothrombin is a glycoprotein occurring in blood plasma and is an essential component of the blood-clotting mechanism. Prothrombin is transformed into thrombin by a clotting factor known as factor X or prothrombinase; thrombin then acts to transform fibrinogen, also present in plasma, into fibrin, which, in combination with platelets from the blood, forms a clot (coagulation). Under normal circumstances, prothrombin is changed into thrombin only when an injury occurs to the tissues or circulatory system or both; therefore, fibrin and blood clots are not formed except in response to bleeding. Hypoprothrombinemia, a deficiency in prothrombin, is characterized by a tendency to prolonged bleeding. It is usually associated with a lack of vitamin K, which is necessary for the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver cells.
Question 7
1 / -0

Removal of calcium from freshly collected blood will

A
Prevent clotting

B
Result in clotting

C
Prevent oxidation of haemoglobin

D
Cause haemolysis

Solution

Clotting requires calcium ions ($$Ca2^+$$), which is why blood banks use a chelating agent to bind the calcium in donated blood, so the blood will not clot in the bag.
Question 8
1 / -0

Mammals are said to have double circulation, it means

A
Blood vessels are paired

B
There are two types of blood vessels attached to every organ

C
There are two systems

D
The blood circulates twice through the heart

Solution

Double circulation (double circulatory systems) are circulation systems in which blood flows through the heart twice. In the case of double circulation, pulmonary circulation - i.e., blood flow between the heart and lungs, is separate from systemic circulation - i.e., movement of blood from the heart through the rest of the body (excluding the lungs), then back to the heart. During one complete cycle of flow through the whole body (blood system), blood in a double circulatory system passes through the heart twice.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

Pulmonary vein carries

A
Impure blood always

B
Pure blood always

C
Impure blood sometimes

D
Mixed blood
Solution
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The arteries (red) carry oxygen and nutrients away from your heart, to your body's tissues.
The veins (blue) take oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
Arteries begin with the aorta, the large artery leaving the heart. They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues.
The pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs, while the pulmonary arteries move deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Question 10
1 / -0

Sodium oxalate prevents blood clotting due to

A
Blocking of fibrinogen transformation

B
Covering RBC

C
Inhibiting activity of clotting factor of plasma

D
Combining with calcium ions of blood

Solution

Sodium oxalate, like citrates, can be used to remove calcium ions (Ca$${^2}$$$${^+}$$) from blood plasma. It thus prevents blood from clotting. In the presence of calcium ions and other clotting factors, factor X activates an enzyme called prothrombin activator. This enzyme then converts the plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin is an enzyme that, in turn, converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 72

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 72

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Question 1

Ligamentum teres

Ductus arteriosus

Foramen ovale

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

To maintain the body temperature

To provide more oxygen to cells

Both A and B

To maintain body balance

Solution

Question 3

Elimination of excess fats by kidneys

Removing nitrogenous wastes in kidneys

Supplying food to the kidneys

Draining blood from the kidney

Solution

Question 4

The complex QRS- is one complete pulse.

Peak P- initiation of left atrial contraction only.

Peak P and peak R together- systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

Peak T- initiation of total cardiac cycle.

Solution

Question 5

Electrical activity of brain recorded from the scalp

Activity of pace maker

Activity of alimentary canal

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Absence of prothrombin

Presence of plasma factor that causes haemorrhage

Presence of plasma factor that prevents blood clotting

Absence of plasma factor required for haemorrhage

Solution

Question 7

Prevent clotting

Result in clotting

Prevent oxidation of haemoglobin

Cause haemolysis

Solution

Question 8

Blood vessels are paired

There are two types of blood vessels attached to every organ

There are two systems

The blood circulates twice through the heart

Solution

Question 9

Impure blood always

Pure blood always

Impure blood sometimes

Mixed blood

Solution

Question 10

Blocking of fibrinogen transformation

Covering RBC

Inhibiting activity of clotting factor of plasma

Combining with calcium ions of blood

Solution

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