Body Fluids and Circulation Test

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 74

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A
Pesticides on entering the food chain accumulate in high amount in the bodies of higher predators which causes damage to the ecosystem.

B
Blood in arteries has more oxygen than blood in veins except for the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins.

C
When blood is spinned in a centrifuge to separate plasma from the blood cells (RBCs, WBCs platelets etc.), blood cells constitute the supernatant and plasma constitutes the pellet.

D
Poultry is India's most efficient converter of low fibre food stuff (which is unfit for human consumption) into highly nutritious protein food.

Solution

The process of separating the components of blood is called blood fractionation. It is done by the centrifugation method. After centrifugation, a clear solution of blood plasma is separated in the upper phase, a thin layer of leukocytes (white blood cells) in the middle and erythrocytes (red blood cells ) at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. This separation is based on the molecular weight of the components. The component of higher molecular weight settles down i.e., pellet and the component of lower molecular weight comes to the upper surface as supernatant. Thus the incorrect statement is C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which statement(s) is/are not correct in context to connective tissues?
(i) Areolar connective tissue is found in bone marrow.
(ii) The ground substance of connective tissue is a mixture of carbohydrates and proteins only.
(iii) Lymph is a type of connective tissue.
(iv) Connective tissue acts as shock absorder around eye balls and kidneys.

A
(i) and (iii)

B
(i), (ii) and (iii)

C
Only (ii)

D
Only (iv)
Solution
- The areolar tissue is a loose connective tissue that can be seen between the skin and muscles; in the bone marrow as well as around the blood vessels and nerves.
- Connective tissue is made up of a matrix consisting of living tissue and a non-living substance. This non-living substance is called the ground substance.
- The components of the ground substance of connective tissue are an organic substance, that is protein, and an inorganic substance, which is usually water or mineral.
- Lymph is a type of fluid connective tissue like blood.
- Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that keeps visceral organs in position. It forms shock-absorbing cushions around kidneys and eyeballs.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

Number of RBC increases if one lives at higher altitude because

A
There is less oxygen

B
More heat is required in body for producing body warmth.

C
There are no germs in mountain air.

D
There is more oxygen

Solution

RBC count increases in people living at high altitudes because the atmospheric pressure decreases and the levels of atmospheric oxygen also falls. Hence to carry more amount of oxygen to the cells, more number of red blood cells are required.
Therefore the correct option is A.
Question 4
1 / -0

One of the factors required for the maturation of erythrocytes is

A
Vitamin D

B
Vitamin A

C
Vitamin B$$_{12}$$

D
Vitamin C

Solution

Factors essential for the maturation of RBCs are vitamin B$$_{12}$$ (cobalamin) and vitamin B$$_9$$ (folic acid). Vitamin B$$_{12}$$ works in conjunction with folate in the formation and maturation of red blood cells.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which chamber of a bird heart does oxygen rich blood first enter?

A
Right atrium

B
Right ventricle

C
Left ventricle

D
Left atrium

Solution

Left atrium of a bird heart receives oxygen rich blood first. Birds evolved a four chambered heart (reptiles have only a three chambered heart). Two of these chambers are basically receiving vessels called atria, into them the blood flows at the end of its journey around the body, or to and from the lungs. The other two chambers, called ventricles, are the pumping power houses that send the blood off on its endless journey again.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

An anticoagulant used for preventing clotting in vitro is sodium oxalate. It prevents clot formation by

A
Combining with cations in the blood

B
Inhibiting clotting factor VIII activity

C
Getting itself deposited over the surface of RBC

D
Blocking the fibrinogen activity

Solution

Sodium oxalate (like citrates) can be used to remove calcium ions (Ca$$^{2+}$$) from the blood plasma. The oxalate prevents clotting by forming insoluble calcium salts, thus removing ionic calcium (or cations).
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Vitamin K is used for

A
Formation of prothrombin.

B
Activation of prothrombin.

C
Formation of fibrinogen.

D
Formation of thromboplastin.

Solution

Vitamin K is essential for the formation of factor VII, IX, X, and prothrombin. It is synthesized in the intestinal tract by bacteria. Blood coagulation or clotting takes place in 3 essential phases. The first phase is the activation of a prothrombin activator complex. The second phase is the activation of prothrombin. The third stage is clot formation as a result of fibrinogen cleavage by activated thrombin. Thus, its deficiency can result in excessive bleeding.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is / are wrong about blood clotting?
A. Fibrinogen $$ \xrightarrow{Thromboplastin} Thrombin$$
B. Injured tissue + blood Platelets $$\rightarrow$$ Release thromboplastin
C. Prothrombin $$\xrightarrow{Thrombin}$$ fibrin
D. Fibrin + Red Blood corpuscles $$\rightarrow$$ Blood clot

A
A and C

B
A only

C
B and C

D
C only

Solution

During the clotting process, injured cell and blood platelets secrete thromboplastin which convert plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin then converts plasma protein fibrinogen into fibrin which being insoluble forms mesh work enclosing RBCs to form a clot.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following results from cell fragmentation?

A
RBC

B
WBC

C
Plasma

D
Platelets

Solution

Platelets are the cells found in blood which helps in the clotting of the blood. The formation of platelets takes place in bone marrow from large bone marrow cells known as megakaryocytes. These cells after becoming mature enough, undergo the process of cell fragmentation to produce platelet cells. The hormone that help in platelet production is thrombopoietin.
So, the correct answer is D.
Question 10
1 / -0

The circulatory system of a rabbit differs from that of a frog in that there

A
Renal portal system in rabbit

B
Hepatic portal system in rabbit

C
Posterior vena cava in rabbit

D
Dorsal aorta in rabbit
Solution
The renal portal system is absent in the rabbit. The hepatic portal system is present in rabbit and it consists of a hepatic portal vein ventral to the post caval vein. It enters into the liver, divides into a number of branches to supply to various lobes of the liver.
In the rabbit, the blood from different organs of the body is collected by two superior vena cavae and a posterior vena cava which open separately into the right auricle.
In Frog, the blood from different organs of the body is collected by two precavals and one post caval which unite together to form a sinus venosus that in turn opens into the right auricle.
So, the correct answer is 'Posterior vena cava in rabbit'.

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Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 74

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Question 1

Pesticides on entering the food chain accumulate in high amount in the bodies of higher predators which causes damage to the ecosystem.

Blood in arteries has more oxygen than blood in veins except for the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins.

When blood is spinned in a centrifuge to separate plasma from the blood cells (RBCs, WBCs platelets etc.), blood cells constitute the supernatant and plasma constitutes the pellet.

Poultry is India's most efficient converter of low fibre food stuff (which is unfit for human consumption) into highly nutritious protein food.

Solution

Question 2

(i) and (iii)

(i), (ii) and (iii)

Only (ii)

Only (iv)

Solution

Question 3

There is less oxygen

More heat is required in body for producing body warmth.

There are no germs in mountain air.

There is more oxygen

Solution

Question 4

Vitamin D

Vitamin A

Vitamin B$$_{12}$$

Vitamin C

Solution

Question 5

Right atrium

Right ventricle

Left ventricle

Left atrium

Solution

Question 6

Combining with cations in the blood

Inhibiting clotting factor VIII activity

Getting itself deposited over the surface of RBC

Blocking the fibrinogen activity

Solution

Question 7

Formation of prothrombin.

Activation of prothrombin.

Formation of fibrinogen.

Formation of thromboplastin.

Solution

Question 8

A and C

A only

B and C

C only

Solution

Question 9

RBC

WBC

Plasma

Platelets

Solution

Question 10

Renal portal system in rabbit

Hepatic portal system in rabbit

Posterior vena cava in rabbit

Dorsal aorta in rabbit

Solution

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