Body Fluids and Circulation Test

Result

Body Fluids and Circulation Test - 76

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which part shows the presence of lymph node?

A
A

B
G

C
C

D
All of the above
Question 2
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In terms of descending order of percentage proportions of leucocytes in human blood, which one is correct?

A
Neutrophils $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocytes $$\rightarrow$$ monocytes $$\rightarrow$$ acidophils $$\rightarrow$$ basophils

B
Neutrophils $$\rightarrow$$ basophils $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocytes $$\rightarrow$$ acidophils $$\rightarrow$$ monocytes

C
Neutrophils $$\rightarrow$$ monocytes $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocytes $$\rightarrow$$ acidophils $$\rightarrow$$ basophils

D
Neutrophils $$\rightarrow$$ acidophils $$\rightarrow$$ basophils $$\rightarrow$$ lymphocytes $$\rightarrow$$ monocytes

Solution

Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell, constituting 60-70% of the circulating leukocytes.
Lymphocytes are much more common in the lymphatic system than in blood. Lymphocytes are distinguished by having a deeply staining nucleus that may be eccentric in location, and a relatively small amount of cytoplasm, constituting 30% of the leucocytes.
Monocytes, the largest type of WBCs. They are 5.3% of the total leucocytes.
Eosinophils / acidophils compose about 2-4% of the WBC total.
Basophils are chiefly responsible for allergic and antigen response by releasing the chemical histamine causing the dilation of blood vessels. Because they are the rarest of the white blood cells (less than 0.5% of the total count) and share physicochemical properties with other blood cells, they are difficult to study.
Hence the correct option is A.
Question 3
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Which is the correct sequence of arrangement of types of WBC in decreasing order in terms of number per $${mm}^{3}$$ of human blood?

A
Eosinophils --> Basophils --> Neutrophils

B
Basophils --> Eosinophils --> Neutrophils

C
Neutrophils --> Eosinophils --> Basophils

D
Eosinophils --> Neutrophils --> Basophils

Solution

Percentage distribution of leukocyte are as follows:
Neutrophils- 60 - 70%
Lymphocytes- 20 - 30%
Monocytes- 2 - 8%
Eosinophils- 1 - 4%
Basophils- 0.5 - 1%
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
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The factor which initiations the intrinsic pathway of blood clotting and triggers cascade reaction is

A
Anti- haemophilic factor

B
Christmas factor

C
Stuart - Power factor

D
Hagemans factor

Solution

Hageman's factor, is also called Factor XII is one of the blood clotting factors. Factor XII itself is activated to factor XIIa by negatively charged surfaces (such as glass). This is the starting point of the intrinsic pathway.
Anti-hemophilic factor is Factor VIII. This activated factor VIII interacts with another coagulation factor, factor IX and this interaction sets off a chain of additional chemical reactions that form a blood clot.
Factor IX, also called the Christmas factor, which is produced as a zymogen.
Stuart-Power factor is factor X. It is synthesized in the liver. It is the first member of the final common (intrinsic and extrinsic) pathway or thrombin pathway.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Question 5
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Blood which leaves liver and passes towards heart has concentration of

A
Bile

B
Oxygen

C
RBCs

D
Urea

Solution

Urea cycle takes place in the liver converting excess amino acids into urea. As urea is produced it leaves the liver in the bloodstream and passes towards the heart.
Question 6
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Identify the correct sequence of blood coagulation.
(A) Activity of thrombin
(B) Formation of protrombin activator
(C) Formation of blood clot
(D) Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

A
B-D-A-C

B
B-A-D-C

C
A-D-C-B

D
A-B-C-D

Solution

The blood clotting process is a cascade. There are several clotting factors which activate the next protein. The final activator is called the prothrombin activator. This activator releases the enzyme thrombokinase which activates the prothrombin to thrombin. The thrombin converts the fibrinogen to fibrin. The thrombin is also responsible for the activation of the other clotting factors. The fibrin strands along with the other clotting factors form the stable blood clot.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
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Directions For Questions

In order to explore the effect of different environments on blood flow, a small fresh water fish is used. For the experiment, a fish with a wet cotton ball over its gills is placed in each petri dish for the diffusion of oxygen which keeps the fish alive. The thinnest part of the tail is then viewed under the objective lens of a light microscope to see the flow of blood in blood vessels. The number of red blood cells flowing through the vessel is counted at a 5-second interval. After monitoring the normal flow of blood for 30 seconds, the environment in the petri dish is altered in one of five different ways. Students observe and record the change in blood flow if any. After the experiment, each fish is returned to the fish tank.
Experiment 1: Nothing is added to this petri dish.
Experiment 2: Water at a temperature of $$5^0$$ is added
Experiment 3: Water at a temperature of $$30^0$$ C is added.
Experiment 4: Ethyl alcohol is added.
Experiment 5: Nicotine extracted from cigarette tobacco is added.

...view full instructions

The graph that best describes the experiment 4 is

A

B

C

D

E

Solution

Ethyl alcohol was added after monitoring the normal flow of blood for 30 seconds. For initial 30 seconds, the average rate of blood flow was 9 which was then lowered down to 5 due to addition of ethyl alcohol. The blood flow was slowed down after addition of ethyl alcohol while these options show increased speed of blood flow after 30 sec. Thus, the correct answer is A.
Question 8
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Choose the correct sequence of tissues containing $$CO_2$$ from highest concentration level to the lowest.

A
Pulmonary veins$$ - $$left atrium$$ - $$ tissues$$ - $$right ventricle$$ - $$ pulmonary arteries

B
Left atrium$$ - $$ tissues $$ - $$ right ventricle$$ - $$ pulmonary veins$$ - $$pulmonary arteries

C
Pulmonary arteries$$ - $$ right ventricle$$ - $$ tissues$$ - $$ left atrium$$ - $$ pulmonary veins

D
Right ventricle$$ - $$ pulmonary arteries$$ - $$ pulmonary veins$$ - $$left atrium$$ - $$ tissues

E
Tissues$$ - $$pulmonary veins$$ - $$pulmonary arteries$$ - $$left atrium$$ - $$right ventricle

Solution

The deoxygenated blood reaches the right atrium first and then to the right ventricle. From there the deoxygenated blood reaches the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. In lungs, the deoxygenated blood gets converted into oxygenated blood. After this, the blood from the lung travels through the pulmonary vein to reach the left atrium. This oxygenated blood then reaches the tissues of the entire body by aorta.
Question 9
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A blood cell is moved from an isotonic solution to a hypertonic solution. Select the correct condition.

A
The cell would swell.

B
The cell would shrivel up.

C
The cell would immediately lyse.

D
The cell membrane would be reinforced.

E
Nothing, the cell would be in equilibrium.

Solution

A blood cell placed in hypertonic solution would loose water as water will move from cell to surrounding hypertonic medium by the process of osmosis causing the cell to shrivel up. If the cell was placed in hypotonic solution, water would enter the cell causing it to swell and reinforcement of cell membrane followed by its lysis. The correct answer is B.
Question 10
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Vitamin K cannot be produced by humans. What is true about the presence of vitamin K in bloodstream even though a person's diet is lacking in vitamin K?

A
Vitamin K is synthesized in the liver using hormones absorbed from ingested plant cells.

B
Vitamin K is a byproduct of protein degradation during digestion.

C
Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria that inhabit the colon.

D
Vitamin K can be produced by exposure to sunlight.

E
None of the above.

Solution

Vitamin K is an essential vitamin needed for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors. It cannot be synthesized by the human body. It occurs in two forms, Vitamin K1 and Vitamin K2. Vitamin K1 is primarily obtained from the green leafy vegetables. Vitamin K2 can be synthesized by the bacteria that inhabit the colon of the large intestine.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria that inhabit the colon'