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Locomotion and Movement Test - 30

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Locomotion and Movement Test - 30
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an example of appendicular skeleton?
    Solution
    • Skeletal system consists of a framework of bones and a few cartilages. 
    •  In human beings, this system is grouped into two principal divisions – the axial and the appendicular skeleton. 
    • The appendicular skeleton comprises of the bones of the limbs(forelimb and hind limb) along with their girdles(pectoral and pelvis).
    • Hence bones of forelimb and hindlimb is an example of the appendicular skeleton.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Bones of fore and hindlimb'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Socket in pelvic girdle in which head of femur articulates is formed by fusion of
    Solution
    The pelvic girdle consists of paired hip bones each is made up of three bones which are ilium, ischium and pubis. These three bones unite in early adulthood at a triangular suture in the acetabulum and form the cup-shaped socket that forms the hip joint with the head of the femur (thigh bone). So, the correct answer is 'Ileum, ischium and pubis'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which is wrongly matched?
    Solution
    • The myofibril is composed of two types of filaments. They are thick filament(Myosin) and Thin filament(Actin).
    • Each actin (thin) filament is made of two ‘F’ (filamentous) actins helically wound to each other. Each ‘F’ actin is a polymer of monomeric ‘G’ (Globular) actins. Two filaments of another protein, tropomyosin also run close to the ‘F’ actins throughout its length. A complex protein Troponin is distributed at regular intervals on the tropomyosin. In the resting state tropomyosin partially covers myosin binding site on actin. Tropomyosin is a fibrous protein and Troponin is a globular protein.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Troponin-fibrous protein'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Symphysis consists of
    Solution
    A symphysis is a fibrocartilaginous fusion between two bones. It is a type of cartilaginous joint. They allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint.
    So, the correct answer is 'Fibrocartilage'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Bones become fragile due to
    Solution
    • Osteoporosis is defined as low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk.
    • It may occur due to various reasons such as calcium deficiency, increase in osteoclastic or osteoblastic activity, age, estrogen deficiency in females etc.
    • Hence, bones become fragile (easily broken or damaged) due to osteoporosis.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Osteoporosis'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one is required for muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission?
    Solution
    •  A neural signal reaching this junction releases a neurotransmitter (Acetylcholine) which generates an action potential in the sarcolemma. This spreads through the muscle fibre and causes the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm
    • Active sites for myosin are present on actin which are masked by troponin-C in resting state. When Ca++ level increases it leads to the binding of calcium with a subunit of troponin i.e Troponin-C on actin(thin) filaments and thereby remove the masking of active sites for myosin.
    • Utilizing the energy from ATP hydrolysis, the myosin head now binds to the exposed active sites on actin to form a cross bridge. 
    • This pulls the attached actin filaments towards the centre of ‘A’ band.
    • The ‘Z’ line attached to these actins are also pulled inwards thereby causing a shortening of the sarcomere, i.e., contraction. The myosin, releasing the ADP and P1 goes back to its relaxed state. Hence Ca$$^{2+}$$ is required for muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Ca 2+'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    A joint made for power is
    Solution
    • The lower jaw is made up of a single bone called mandible.
    • The mandible is the longest and strongest bone in the face. It forms the lower jaw and holds the teeth in place.
    •  Movement of the lower jaw opens and closes the mouth and also allows for the chewing of food. The lower set of teeth in the mouth is rooted in the lower jaw.
    • The mandibular joint is a joint made for power. It connects the lower jaw bone to the skull.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Mandibular joint'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    On stimulation of skeletal muscle, calcium is immediately made available for binding to troponin from
    Solution
    • A neural signal reaching this junction releases a neurotransmitter (Acetylcholine) which generates an action potential in the sarcolemma. This spreads through the muscle fibre and causes the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
    • Active sites for myosin are present on actin which are masked by troponin-C in resting state. When Ca++ level increases it leads to the binding of calcium with a subunit of troponin i.e Troponin-C on actin(thin) filaments and thereby remove the masking of active sites for myosin.
    • Hence on stimulation of skeletal muscle, calcium is immediately made available for binding to troponin from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Sacroplasmic reticulum'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Common to kidney and skeleton in mammals is
    Solution
    • The term 'pelvis' is common to both kidney and skeleton in mammals. In relation to the kidney, 
    • It can be described as a chamber in the kidney into which the urine drains from renal tubules before passing to the ureter. 
    • For skeleton, it is related to a pelvic girdle or hip girdle. Hence, Pelvis is Common to kidney and skeleton in mammals.
       So, the correct answer is 'pelvis'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which one among the following is a cartilaginous joint?
    Solution
    Cartilaginous joints are connected entirely by cartilage and allow more movement between bones. There are two types of cartilaginous joints which are synchondroses and symphyses. Diarthrosis is a type of synovial joint. So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
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