Locomotion and Movement Test

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Locomotion and Movement Test - 45

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Question 1
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Cervical vertebrate differ from other vertebra in having.

A
Spinous process

B
Centrum

C
Transverse process

D
Transverse foramen

Solution

Spinous process is a bony projection off the posterior (back) of each vertebra. It provides the point of attachment for muscles and ligaments of the spine.

Each vertebra consists of a ventral body, or centrum, surmounted by a Y-shaped neural arch. Together the centrum and neural arch surround an opening, the vertebral foramen, through which the spinal cord passes.

Transverse process is a small bony projection off the right and left side of each vertebrae. They function as the site of attachment for muscles and ligaments of the spine as well as the point of articulation of the ribs (in the thoracic spine).

The cervical spine is much more mobile than the thoracic or lumbar regions of the spine. Unlike the other parts of the spine, the cervical spine has transverse foramina in each vertebra for the vertebral arteries that supply blood to the brain. Thus, option D is correct.
Question 2
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Cross bridges between actin and myosin is broken up by

A
Hydrolysis of AP

B
Binding of ATP to the myosin head

C
Binding of calcium to the subunit of troponin

D
Exposure of tropomyosin
Solution
- Each myosin (thick) filament is also a polymerized protein. Many monomeric proteins called Meromyosins constitute one thick filament.
- Each meromyosin has two important parts, a globular head with a short arm and a tail. The globular head is an active ATPase enzyme and has binding sites for ATP and active sites for actin.
- The globular head of a myosin molecule that projects from a myosin filament in muscle and is held to attach temporarily to an adjacent actin filament and draw it into the A band of a sarcomere between the myosin filaments to form a cross bridge.
- Cross bridges between actin and myosin are broken up by Binding of ATP to the myosin head and The myosin, releasing the ADP and P1 and muscle goes back to its relaxed state.
- So, the correct answer is 'Binding of ATP to the myosin head'.
Question 3
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Which of the following is the reason(s) for Rheumatoid arthritis? Choose the correct option.
(i) The ability to differentiate pathogens or foreign molecules from self-cells increase
(ii) Body attacks self-cells
(iii) More antibodies are produced in the body
(iv) The ability to differentiate pathogens or foreign molecules from self-cells is lost

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iv)

C
(iii) and (iv)

D
(i) and (iii)

Solution

Rhumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. In this condition the cells of the immune system are unable to differentiate between the cells of the body, foreign substances or pathogens hence, destroy body cells. In rhumatoid arthritis the cells of the immune system attack the healthy cells of one or more joints leading to inflamation.
So, the correct answer is '(ii) and (iv)'
Question 4
1 / -0

The cartilage making up the lower jaw is known a

A
Dentary

B
Metapophysis

C
Anapophysis

D
Post-zygapophysis

Solution

Lower jaw or II part of mandibular arch is cartilage nous initially and is called nickel's cartilage, which soon changes into bony structure.
Question 5
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In a relaxed fibril , H - zone - a lighter region of low density, can be seen in the centre of

A
Anisotropic or A-band

B
Isotropic or I-band

C
Z-band

D
Both in A and /-band
Solution
- H zone is the region of low density that lies in the middle of the Anisotropic or the A band.
- Isotropic or I band is the lighter region containing thin filaments and the Z band is the region that lies in the middle of I band.
Hence the correct option is A.
Question 6
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The interval between the beginning of electrical response and peak of tension recorded is the

A
Latent period

B
Contraction time

C
Relaxation time

D
None of the above

Solution

There are three basic stages in muscle contraction - excitation-contraction coupling, tension generation and relaxation.
During the latent period, which is the time between the application of the stimulus and the onset of contraction , excitation-contraction coupling takes place. The contraction time is the time from the onset of contraction to peak tension. The relaxation time is the time from peak tension to the point when tension returns to the baseline.
Thus, the correct answer is the option (B), 'Contraction time'.
Question 7
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Which one of the following is the correct description of a certain part of a normal human skeleton

A
Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by fibrous joint

B
First vertebra is axis which articulates with the occipital condyles

C
The 9th and both pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs

D
Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bone

articulates

Solution
Question 8
1 / -0

Muscles responsible for the movement of food in the stomach are

A
Unstriated

B
Striated

C
Cardiac

D
None of the above
Question 9
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Titin filament connects

A
Actin filaments to Z-line

B
M-line to Z-line

C
Actin filaments to myosin filaments

D
None of the above

Solution

Titin is proteinaceous in nature. It has a massive size greater than 1uM in length, which generates the passive elasticity and allows it to function as molecular spring. It is important in the contraction of striated muscle tissues. It connects the Z-line to the M-line in the sarcomere. Titin is found between the myosin thick filament and the Z-disk.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
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During muscle contraction, which of the following decreases in size?

A
I band

B
A band

C
H zone

D
Both A and C
Solution
When muscle contracts,
- The Z discs come close together.
- The width of the I bands decreases.
- The width of the H zones decreases.
- There is, however, no change in the width of the A band.
Thus, the correct answer is the option D.

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Locomotion and Movement Test - 45

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Locomotion and Movement Test - 45

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Question 1

Spinous process

Centrum

Transverse process

Transverse foramen

Solution

Question 2

Hydrolysis of AP

Binding of ATP to the myosin head

Binding of calcium to the subunit of troponin

Exposure of tropomyosin

Solution

Question 3

(i) and (ii)

(ii) and (iv)

(iii) and (iv)

(i) and (iii)

Solution

Question 4

Dentary

Metapophysis

Anapophysis

Post-zygapophysis

Solution

Question 5

Anisotropic or A-band

Isotropic or I-band

Z-band

Both in A and /-band

Solution

Question 6

Latent period

Contraction time

Relaxation time

None of the above

Solution

Question 7

Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by fibrous joint

First vertebra is axis which articulates with the occipital condyles

The 9th and both pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs

Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bonearticulates

Solution

Question 8

Unstriated

Striated

Cardiac

None of the above

Question 9

Actin filaments to Z-line

M-line to Z-line

Actin filaments to myosin filaments

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

I band

A band

H zone

Both A and C

Solution

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Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bone

articulates