Locomotion and Movement Test

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Locomotion and Movement Test - 6

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Question 1
1 / -0

The H-zone in the skeletal muscle fibre is due to

A
The absence of myofibrils in the central portion of A-band.

B
The central gap between myosin filaments in the A-band.

C
The central gap between actin filaments extending through myosin filament in the A-band.

D
Extension of mysoin filaments in the central portion of the A-band.

Solution

Within the A band, there is a relatively brighter central region, called the H-zone in which there is no actin / myosin overlap, when the muscle is in a relaxed state. When a muscle contracts, the actin is pulled along myosin toward the center of the sarcomere until the actin and myosin filaments are completely overlapped. The H zone becomes smaller and smaller due to the increasing overlap of actin and myosin filaments, and the muscle shortens. When the muscle is fully contracted, the H zone is no longer visible.
Question 2
1 / -0

Match the following columns and select the correct option.
Column-I Column-II
A Floating Ribs   (i) Located between second and seventh ribs
B Acromion   (ii) Head of the Humerus
C Scapula   (iii) Clavicle
D Glenoid cavity (iv) Do not connect with the sternum

A
A - (i), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (iv)

B
A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (iv), D - (i)

C
A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (ii)

D
A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (iii)
Solution
- Floating ribs are the $$11^{th}$$ and $$12^{th}$$ ribs. They are not connected with the sternum.
- Acromion is the process present at the junction of the Clavicle and Scapula.
- The scapula is the bone present on the ventral side of the body located between the second and seventh ribs.
- The glenoid cavity of the scapula is a part of the shoulder. The head of the humerus articulates into the glenoid cavity.
Thus, the correct answer is (C): A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (ii).
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited?

A
Tetany

B
Muscular dystrophy

C
Myasthenia gravis

D
Botulism

Solution

Progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle mostly due to genetic disorder is muscular dystrophy where as tetany is muscular spasm due to low calcium in body fluid. Myasthenia gravis is an auto immune disorder leading to paralysis of skeletal muscles. Botulism is rare and dangerous type of food poisoning caused by bacterium Clostridium Botulinum.
So, the correct answer is 'Muscular dystrophy'
Question 4
1 / -0

Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeleton system, may occur due to

A
Decreased level of estrogen

B
Accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints

C
Immune disorder affecting neuro-muscular junction leading to fatigue

D
High concentration of Ca$$^{++}$$ and Na$$^+$$

Solution

Estrogen regulates osteoblast activity and stimulate bone formation. Menopause leads to lower estrogen level causing lower/no osteoblast activity. The overall effect is lower bone mass and thinning of bones which are more prone to fractures. Accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints leads to gout. Myasthenia gravis is immune disorder of neuromuscular junction that causes weakening of muscles.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

Three of the following pairs of the human skeletal parts are correctly matched with their respective inclusive skeletal category and one pair is not matched. Identify the non-matching pair.

A
Sternum and ribs - Axial skeleton

B
Clavicle and glenoid cavity - Pelvic girdle

C
Humerus and ulna - Appendicular skeleton

D
Malleus and stapes - Ear ossicles

Solution

The pectoral girdle or shoulder girdle is the set of bones, which connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula. The only true anatomical joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. The glenohumeral joint is the articulation between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following joints would allow no movement?

A
Ball and socket joint

B
Fibrous joint

C
Cartilaginous joint

D
Synovial joint

Solution

Fibrous joints are also called fixed or immovable joints because they do not allow any movement. These joints are immovable as they have no joint cavity or space present between the bones. They are connected via fibrous connective tissue. There are three types of fibrous joints: sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses. Sutures are found only in the skull, An example of a syndesmosis is the joint of the tibia and fibula in the ankle, Gomphoses occur between teeth and their sockets
So, the correct answer is 'Fibrous joint'
Question 7
1 / -0

Which one of the following is the the correct description of a certain part of a normal human skeleton?

A
Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bone articulates.

B
Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by fibrous joint.

C
First vertebra is axis, which articulates with the occipital condyles.

D
The 9$$^{th}$$ and 10$$^{th}$$ pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs.

Solution

a) Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the femur bone articulates. It is located between the elbow joint and the shoulder.
b) Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by fibrous joint. The parietal bones form the posterior roof of the skull. The temporal bone is located at the lower sides of the skull and directly underneath the temple. Both the bones are joined by immovable fibrous joint known as sutures.
c) The first vertebra is an atlas, which articulates with the occipital condyles. Axis is the second vertebrae.
d) The 11$$^{th}$$ and 12$$^{th}$$ pair of ribs are called the floating ribs. It protects the kidney.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following pairs of chemical substances is correctly categorized?

A
Pepsin and prolactin - two digestive enzymes secreted in stomach

B
Troponin and myosin - complex proteins in striated muscles

C
Secretin and rhodopsin - polypeptide hormones

D
Calcitonin and thymosin - protease enzyme

Solution

Pepsin is digestive enzyme secreted in stomach, while prolactin also known as luteotropin, is a protein and it is known for its role in enabling females to produce milk.
Secretin is a polypeptide hormone that regulates water homeostasis, while rhodopsin belongs to G-protein coupled receptor family.
Troponin and myosin are complex regulatory proteins in skeletal muscle fibers.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

The pivot joint between atlas and axis is a type of

A
Saddle joint

B
Fibrous joint

C
Cartilaginous joint

D
Synovial joint

Solution

The six types of synovial joints are the pivot, hinge, saddle, plane, condyloid and ball and socket joints. Pivot joints are found in neck region between atlas and axis.
Thus, option D is the correct answer.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following two body parts, do not appear in MRI?

A
Molar teeth and eye lens

B
Scapula and canines

C
Ligaments and ribs

D
Tendons and premolars

Solution

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body. It detects water because it focuses the behavior of hydrogen atoms in water molecules.
Teeth and bones contains very less amount of water, therefore they do no appear in MRI. Scapula is a bone of pectoral girdle and canine is a teeth present between incisors and premolars, hence it does not shown in MRI. Hence option B is correct.

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	Column-I		Column-II
A	Floating Ribs	(i)	Located between second and seventh ribs
B	Acromion	(ii)	Head of the Humerus
C	Scapula	(iii)	Clavicle
D	Glenoid cavity	(iv)	Do not connect with the sternum

Locomotion and Movement Test - 6

Result

Locomotion and Movement Test - 6

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

The absence of myofibrils in the central portion of A-band.

The central gap between myosin filaments in the A-band.

The central gap between actin filaments extending through myosin filament in the A-band.

Extension of mysoin filaments in the central portion of the A-band.

Solution

Question 2

A - (i), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (iv)

A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (iv), D - (i)

A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (ii)

A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (iii)

Solution

Question 3

Tetany

Muscular dystrophy

Myasthenia gravis

Botulism

Solution

Question 4

Decreased level of estrogen

Accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints

Immune disorder affecting neuro-muscular junction leading to fatigue

High concentration of Ca$$^{++}$$ and Na$$^+$$

Solution

Question 5

Sternum and ribs - Axial skeleton

Clavicle and glenoid cavity - Pelvic girdle

Humerus and ulna - Appendicular skeleton

Malleus and stapes - Ear ossicles

Solution

Question 6

Ball and socket joint

Fibrous joint

Cartilaginous joint

Synovial joint

Solution

Question 7

Glenoid cavity is a depression to which the thigh bone articulates.

Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by fibrous joint.

First vertebra is axis, which articulates with the occipital condyles.

The 9$$^{th}$$ and 10$$^{th}$$ pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs.

Solution

Question 8

Pepsin and prolactin - two digestive enzymes secreted in stomach

Troponin and myosin - complex proteins in striated muscles

Secretin and rhodopsin - polypeptide hormones

Calcitonin and thymosin - protease enzyme

Solution

Question 9

Saddle joint

Fibrous joint

Cartilaginous joint

Synovial joint

Solution

Question 10

Molar teeth and eye lens

Scapula and canines

Ligaments and ribs

Tendons and premolars

Solution

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