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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 14

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 14
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following prevents internal reflection of light within the eye?
    Solution
    • The choroid runs behind the retina and at the front of the eye, forming the ciliary body. As it contains many blood cells, the choroid supplies the eye with nutrients and oxygen apart from removing waste.
    • The choroid also has a high concentration of a pigment called melanin in its cells. It is this pigment that prevents internal reflection within the eye preventing us from receiving a blurred image.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Jacobson's organ is concerned with
    Solution
    The vomeronasal organ (VNO), or Jacobson's organ, is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ, that is found in many animals. It was discovered by Frederik Ruysch before 1732 and later by Ludwig Jacobson in 1813. This organ is the sense organ involved in the flehmen response in mammals.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The spinal cord extends from the brain through
    Solution
    • The foramen magnum is the large opening in the base of the skull, through which the spinal cord exits the cranial vault. 
    • It is situated in the occipital bone, and forms around the base of the brainstem (the medulla oblongata), separating the brain above from the spinal cord below. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Iodopsin is a light sensitive (photosensitive) pigment and is present in the
    Solution
    • Rods and cones are used to process light, in a human eye. 
    • Cones have iodopsin and are found mainly in the central area of the retina (fovea), while rods containing rhodopsin are found in the peripheral retina. 
    • Cones sense colour and need more light than rods to work well. 
    • Cones are most helpful in normal or bright light. 
    • There are 3 types of cones - red, green, and blue - to help you see different ranges of colour. Together, these cones sense combinations of light waves, that enable our eyes to see millions of colours. 
    • Iodopsin is a photosensitive violet pigment that occurs in the cones of the retina and is transformed by light into retinal and opsin protein.

    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In eyes, the bipolar cells are present in
    Solution
     Bipolar cells contain a cell body between two dendritic ends and two axons. Retinal bipolar cells are inter neurons, that form a part of the direct visual information from a light source to the brain. They are located in the outer and inner plexiform layer of the retina, which lie between the photoreceptor and ganglion cell layers. Although only photoreceptors can receive light and only ganglion cells can fire action potentials to the optic nerve, bipolar cells, along with amacrine and horizontal cells, control the detection of light by graded impulse responses from glutamate, that is released by the photoreceptors.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Acute vision is found in which of the following?
    Solution
    Vultures are highly reliant on their sensory systems for the rapid detection and localization of carrion before other scavengers can exploit the resource. Vulture has acute vision. Retina has a comb like pectin in birds.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The optic lobes in humans are represented by the corpora
    Solution
    In the midbrain of mammals, two pairs of lobes extend from the dorsal surface, the anterior pair being optic centres and the posterior pair is the auditory centre, which is collectively known as corpora quadrigemina. It is composed of white matter externally and grey matter. The superior pair contains correlation centres for optic reflexes and the inferior pair contains correlation centres for auditory reflexes.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The size of pupil is controlled by the
    Solution
    • The pupil is the opening in the centre of the iris. 
    • The size of the pupil determines the amount of light, that enters the eye. 
    • The pupil size is controlled by the dilator and sphincter muscles of the iris.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The cones are located in
    Solution
    The choroid is a dark pigmented thin vascular layer and is characterized by the presence of many blood vessels but no cones and rods. The photoreceptors like cones and rods are present in retina only. Cones are present throughout the retina but fovea centralis is the part of the retina that has densely packed cones. The sclera is the white and opaque outer layer of eyeball while iris is the coloured muscular ring of the eyeball that surrounds the pupil. The correct answer is D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Sensory neurons of retina of eye are
    Solution
    Rods and cones are the photoreceptors present in retina of the eye. They have their own bipolar neurons and photo-sensitive pigments.
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