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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 17

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 17
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following have "ommatidia" as unit of eye?
    Solution
    Compound eyes are the characteristic feature of insects. The compound eye of insects consists of many ommatidia, each of which is a separate visual unit that portrays each object into several broken pieces. This type of vision is called as mosaic vision. Among the given options, housefly is an insect and has ommatidia as a unit of an eye. Pheretima (annelid) and pila and sepia (molluscs) do not have compound eyes. 
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The function of iris in the eyes of frog is to
    Solution
    Smooth muscle cells of the frog iris sphincter contain rhodopsin and contract in response to light. It is the colored part of the eye, which regulates the size of the pupil controlling the entry of light into the eye.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Cones are present in
    Solution
    Photoreceptors cones and rods are present in retina only. Cones are present throughout the retina but fovea centralis is the part of the retina that has densely packed cones. Sclerotic is the white and opaque outer layer of the eyeball. The cornea is the transparent anterior window of an outer layer of the eyeball located within otherwise opaque sclera. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Retina is most sensitive at
    Solution
    Correct option: D

    Explanation:
    • Retina is most sensitive at Fovea centralis. It is a thin layer of tissue present at the back of the inner-eye, near the optic nerve. It contains two visual pigments called cones and rods. 
    • Fovea centralis provides sharp vision and contains only cones which are responsible for vision during the day and also aid in colour vision. So, retina is most sensitive at this point.
    • Optic disc is the area inside the eye, where optic nerves and blood vessels are connected to the retina.
    • Peripheral vision provided by rods which controls night vision and low light vision and is insensitive to colour.
    • Macula lutea is a small yellowish area near the optic disc, which provides central and detailed vision.

      Thus, Option D is correct.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In the chemistry of vision in mammals, the photosensitive substance is called as
    Solution
    Rhodopsin, also known as visual purple, is a light-sensitive receptor protein. It is a biological pigment in photoreceptor cells of the retina. 
    Rhodopsin is the primary pigment found in rod photoreceptors. Rhodopsins belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. This protein is necessary for normal vision, particularly in low-light conditions. It allows night vision and is extremely sensitive to light. Exposed to a spectrum of light, the pigment immediately bleaches, and it takes about 30 minutes to regenerate fully, but most of the adaptation occurs within the first five or ten minutes in the dark. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which function will be lost due to damage of occipital lobe?
    Solution
    The occipital lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The occipital lobe is the visual processing center
    So, the correct answer is 'Vision'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Photosensitive pigment is

    Solution
    A common visual pigment is found in all kinds of photoreceptors.  a mixture of a vitamin A-based chromophore known as Retinal and a seven-transmembrane-helix apoprotein called Opsin. Together, they form rhodopsin. The pigments belong to a special class of receptors called G protein-coupled receptors, characterized by signaling through heterotrimeric G proteins. Rhodopsin is thermally unstable, breaking down with light into the opsin and chromophore in vertebrates. Those are maintained by an enzymatic process. Invertebrate rhodopsins are stable, although renewal also must take place there. The amount of this pigment sometimes varies within species. 
    So the correct option is B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Human eyes are most sensitive to the wavelength of

    Solution
    The human eye can see lights present only in the visible range of wavelength. The visible range 400 nm (blue light) to 700 nm (red light). But the human eye is most sensitive to green color and the wavelength is 500-555 nm or 5000-5550 Angstrom. That's why we can green as the brightest color. 
    So the correct option is B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The black pigment in the eye, which reduces the internal reflection is located in
    Solution
    • The choroid is the part of the vascular coat in the eyes. 
    • It also contains blood vessels that provide nourishment to the eye.
    • It is pigmented towards the rear of the eye and absorbs light. 
    • It is dark brown in colour. It darkens the cavity of the eyeballs to prevent internal reflection of light that might blur the image.
    Thus, the correct answer is C.  
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The purplish red pigment, rhodopsin contained in the rods type of photoreceptor cells of the human eye, is a derivative of
    Solution
    Rhodopsin is the pigment of rod cells which absorbs green-blue part of the spectrum. Therefore, rod cells detect the dim light and respond to light intensity. Rhodopsin consists of the protein opsin and retinal. Retinal is a vitamin A derivative. So, the correct answer is option A.
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