Neural Control and Coordination Test - 34

• The spinal cord has a core of grey matter containing nerve cell bodies, dendrites and supporting cells. 
• Surrounding the grey matter is a white matter containing columns of nerve fibers that carry signals to and from the brain along the length of the spinal cord. 
• White matter is made up of axons connecting different parts of the grey matter to each other. 

The almond-shaped glands in the eyes present above each eyeball are called lacrimal glands. Thes glands are called tear gland because they secrete the fluid called tears. These glands have their openings between the eyelashes. Water, salts and bactericidal protein such as lysozyme are components of tear. The secretion of this glands is involved in the clearance of dust, grit and microorganisms in the cornea. They are also involved in the lubrication of eyes and eyelashes. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Glands of Zeis are modified sebaceous gland located on the margin of eyelids and produces oil into the follicles of eye lashes. 

The receptors for smell are located in the olfactory epithelium in the nose or nasal chamber thus, whatever comes near to our nose we can immediately sense its smell.

Choroid forms the greater part of the vascular coat and lies in contact with the sclera. It is composed of a soft connective tissue containing abundant pigment cells and blood vessels. Blood vessels of the choroid nourish the retina. Thus option D is the correct answer.

Three layers of protective tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord are called meninges. These three layers are dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable the process of neurotransmission. They transmit signals across a chemical synapse from one neuron (nerve cell) to another "target" neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell. 

• The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
• The sympathetic nervous system releases hormone called adrenaline most often termed as the fight or flight response.
•  Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication. Adrenaline is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons. It plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, the output of the heart, pupil dilation response, and blood sugar level. Hence, the Sympathetic nervous system is stimulated by the hormone Adrenaline. 

Correct Option: D

Explanation:

The location of transmission of electrical nerve impulses between 2 nerve cells (neurons) or between a nerve cell and a muscle cell is called a synapse.

Hence, the structure labelled as A in the diagram of the neurons is called the synapse.

• The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into two systems: the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary actions such as breathing and digestion, and the somatic nervous system, which governs voluntary action and body reflexes.
•  The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions such as the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. Hence, Autonomic nervous system controls Involuntary activities.