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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 55

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 55
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord:
    Solution
    The sensory nervous system and the motor nervous system are a part of the nervous system responsible for the processing of sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory neurons, neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception.
    So, the correct option is 'convey sensory and motor information to and from the brain'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Synaptic vesicles are seen
    Solution
    In a neuron, synaptic vesicles store various neurotransmitters that are then released at the synapse. The release is regulated by voltage-dependent calcium channel. Vesicles are seen at synaptic junctions at the end of axons.
    So, the correct option is B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following gives the correct path for light rays entering the human eye?
    Solution
    1. The first thing light encounters when it enters the eye is the cornea, a protective clear covering over the pupil and iris. The cornea bends the light and begins to form an image.
    2. Light passes from the cornea to the pupil, the dark circle in the centre of the iris, which is the coloured portion of the eye. The pupil regulates the amount of light that will enter the inner eye based on environmental conditions: It dilates, growing bigger to receive more light under dim lighting conditions, and shrinks in response to bright light. This response is quicker in young individuals and tends to slow with increasing age.
    3. From the pupil, light waves travel to the lens of the eye. The lens is a clear, flexible structure that focuses an upside-down image onto the retina. It is flexible so that it can focus on images that are close or far away. Eye injuries, normal variations in the eye and age can distort the lens, making it difficult to focus on nearby or faraway objects -- you see the objects, but details are hazy. Late in life, the lens can also become clouded and form cataracts that make images seem hazy and dim.
    4. The lens focuses light and images on the retina, a layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of the eye. It is made up of two kinds of photoreceptor cells: cones and rods. The cones transmit colour and sharp images. The concentration of cones is low on the sides of the retina and increases as the cones approach the centre of the retina or the macula. The rods are more sensitive to light and are more numerous than cones; They let you see when lighting is dim, although what you see lacks colour and clear details.
    5. Once the retina senses the image, it sends impulses to the optic nerve at the back of the eye. The optic nerve then transmits them to special areas in the brain, which automatically flips the upside-down image so that it becomes upright again. Disease or injury can damage the optic nerve, resulting in varying degrees of blindness.

    So, the correct answer is 'Cornea, pupil, lens, vitreous humour retina'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The ability to perceive pheromones is related to the sense of
    Solution
    (A)Audition is the sense of hearing.
    (B)Gustation is the sense of tasting.
    (C)Equilibrium is the equalizing process.
    (D)Olfaction is the sense of smell.  It should be noted that some pheromones are detected by the main olfactory system.

    So, the correct option is 'Olfaction'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Both olfactory receptors and sound receptors have cilia, and they both
    Solution
     Both olfactory receptors and sound receptors have cilia. The different senses are taste, smell, vision and auditory senses. In humans, specialized sensory receptors are present in distinct sense organs that detect the sensory stimuli and transmit the stimuli as nerve impulses to the brain.

    So, the correct answer is 'initiate nerve impulses'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The most extensively developed region of most mammalian brains is
    Solution
     The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. The cerebrum, which lies in front or on top of the brainstem, comprises a large portion of the brain. In humans, it is the largest and best-developed of the brain's five major divisions.

    So, the correct answer is 'cerebrum'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following gives an incorrect function for the structure
    Solution
    • The choroid is a thin layer tissue that is part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye, between the sclera and the retina.
    • The choroid is filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye.

    So, the correct option is 'Choroid - location of cones'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The autonomic system has two divisions called
    Solution
    The autonomic nervous system is associated with involuntary responses. The autonomic nervous system regulates many of the internal organs through a balance of two aspects, or divisions. In addition to the endocrine system, the autonomic nervous system is instrumental in homeostatic mechanisms in the body. The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. The sympathetic system is associated with the fight-or-flight response, and parasympathetic activity is referred to by the epithet of rest and digest. Homeostasis is the balance between the two systems.

    So, the correct answer is 'sympathetic and parasympathetic systems'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Of the following statements, which is true regarding the eustachian tube
    Solution
    The eustachian tube is a canal that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, which consists of the upper throat and the back of the nasal cavity. It controls the pressure within the middle ear, making it equal with the air pressure outside the body.

    So, the correct answer is 'it equalizes pressure on both sides of the eardrum'.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Retinal is:
    Solution
    • The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs. 
    • The primary light-sensing cells in the retina are the photoreceptor cells, which are of two types: rods and cones. 
    • Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision. Cones function in well-lit conditions and are responsible for the perception of colour.
    • Rhodopsin is a biological pigment found in the rods of the retina.
    •  Rhodopsin is extremely sensitive to light, and thus enables vision in low-light conditions. Hence, retinal is sensitive to light energy, a part of rhodopsin and found in both rods and cones.
    So, the correct answer is 'all the above'.
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