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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 58

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 58
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The bulbous structure present at the terminal end of an axon is ________.
    Solution

    A. Synaptic vesicle store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse.

    B. Synaptic knob are the bulbous structures present at the terminal end of an axon.

    C. Dendrites, also called dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.

    D. Schwann cells, also called neurilemma cells are any of the cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons.

    So, the correct option is 'B'.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Read the following statements:-
    (A) Hypothalamus contains a number of centers which control the temperature of body, food behavior and associated with regulation of emotional reaction.
    (B) The medulla of the brain is connected to the spinal cord and related to regulation with cardiovascular reflex with the cerebral cortex.
    (C) Pons of hindbrain has a large convoluted surface to provide additional space for many more neurons.
    (D) A part of the brain lies below the signaling center of the brain is related to the regulation of sexual behavior.
    Identify the incorrect statement.
    Solution
    Forebrain has a large convoluted surface to provide additional space for many more neurons. 
    (A)  Hypothalamus regulates the temperature of body, food behaviour and emotional reactions through various centres.
    (B) The medulla connects the brain  with the spinal cord and regulates the cardiovascular reflexes with the cerebral cortex.
    (C) Pons serves as bridge between the cerebrum and the cerebellum.
    (D) Amygdala, a part of the brain lies below the signaling centre of the brain is related to the regulation of sexual behavior.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Pons has a large convoluted surface to provide additional space for many more neuron'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Due to bad ranking in medical examination teacher motivates student for improvement, which one of the following related with situation?
    Solution
    • The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral cortex lobes into the left and right hemispheres. It connects the left and right sides of the brain allowing for communication between both hemispheres. The corpus callosum transfers motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the brain hemispheres.
    • The corpus callosum plays an important role in vision by combining the separate halves of our visual field, which process images separately in each hemisphere. It also allows us to identify the objects we see by connecting the visual cortex with the language centers of the brain. In addition, the corpus callosum transfers tactile information (processed in the parietal lobes) between the brain hemispheres to enable us to locate touch.
    So, the correct answer is A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    How many of the following statements are correct?
    (a) Centre for emesis is present in medulla 
    (b) Cerebrum forms the major part of human brain
    (c) Neural cell bodies are connected in cerebral cortex.
    (d) Emotional brain is exclusively a part of spinal cord.
    Solution
    The vomiting centre and the chemoreceptor trigger zone—both located in the medulla oblongata. The vomiting centre initiates and controls the act of emesis, which involves a series of contractions of the smooth muscles lining the digestive tract. The cerebral cortex is the most anterior (rostral) brain region and consists of an outer zone of neural tissue called gray matter, which contains neuronal cell bodies. Cerebrum also forms the major part of the human brain. 

    However, the limbic system is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the mesencephalon.It is a primordial structure involved in lower order emotional processing of input from sensory systems. Thus, emotional brain is not exclusively a part of spinal cord.

    So the correct option is B i.e, Three statements are correct. They are (a). (b) and (c). 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Nodes of Ranvier are found in
    Solution

    Correct answer: A

    Explanation:

    The gaps approx. 1 mm wide formed between the two adjacent myelin sheath cells, along the axons are called as the nodes of Ranvier.

    Nodes of Ranvier are the uncovered part of axons.

    Also they are the periodic gaps in axon that propagate the action potential down an axon.

    Hence, the proper answer is 'Axon'.

     

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Name the part of neuron through which information travels as an electrical impulse away from the cell body.
    Solution
    An axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body in form of a wave of depolarization. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands.
    So, the correct option is 'Axon'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Neural proteins are mainly synthesized in__________
    Solution
    • The human body is made up of trillions of cells. Cells of the nervous system called nerve cells or neurons, are specialized to carry "messages" through an electrochemical process. Neurons carry out basic cellular processes such as protein synthesis and energy production.
    • Protein synthesis in the extensions of nerve cells, called dendrites, Local protein synthesis in dendrites, not in the cell body of nerves, provides the ability to respond rapidly and selectively to external stimuli. 

    So the answer is 'Dendrites'. 
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is not a function of basal part of diencephelon?
    Solution
    ADH or antidiuretic hormone made secreted by hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It stimulates reabsorption of water from renal tubules when secreted.
    So the correct option is 'It stimulates reabsorption of $$H2$$O from renal tubules by its secretion'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The part of eye responsible for its shape is
    Solution
    Correct option: B

    Explanation:
    • The cornea is the clear outer layer of the front of the eye responsible for controlling and focusing light clearly.
    • The part of the eye responsible for its shape is sclera. It is the opaque, fibrous, tough and the protective outer layer of the eye.
    • The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light that enters into the eye.
    • Thus, the correct answer is Option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Name the part of the neuron, where information is acquired.
    Solution
    Neuron is a structural and functional unit of neural system. It is composed of three major parts- cell body, dendrites and axon.
    A. Axon is a long fibre which arises from the cell body and terminates as a bulb-like structure called the synaptic knob which participate in synapse. Hence, the axons take away the information from the cell body of the neuron to which they belong.
    B. Dendrites are the short fibers which arise out from the cell body. The dendrites of one neuron receive the electrical impulses from different sources and then transmit these impulses towards the cell body of the neuron to which they belong. Hence, the information is acquired here.
    C. Synapse is the nerve impulse which is transmitted from one neuron to another through the junctions. It is formed by the membranes of the pre-synaptic neuron and a post-synaptic neuron.
    D. Schwann cells are enclosed in myelin sheath and are lipid rich cells.
    So, the correct option is 'Dendrites'.
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