Neural Control and Coordination Test

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 6

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart?

A
Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output

B
Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output

C
Both heart rate and cardiac output increases

D
Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases
Question 2
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Parts A, B, C and D of the human eye are shown in the diagram. Select the option which gives correct identification along with its functions/characteristics.

A
A- Retina - contains photo receptors rods and cones

B
B- Blind spot - has only a few rods and cones

C
C- Aqueous chamber - reflects the light which does not pass through the lens

D
D- Choroid - its anterior part forms ciliary body
Solution
- Retina is the sensory layer of the eye that has rod and cone cells for vision. Rod cells help with the vision in the dim light while the cone cells help in the vision in strong light.
- Blindspot is the point of the eye which is devoid of rod and cone cells. The optic nerve emerges from this point which carries the optic impulse to the occipital lobe of the brain for interpretation.
- The aqueous chamber is filled with transparent fluid known as aqueous humor. It maintains the intraocular pressure and refractive index of the eye.
- The choroid is the vascular layer that absorbs the light and prevents the internal reflection of light in the eye. The anterior part of the choroid layer forms the ciliary body.
  Hence, the correct option is A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Photosensitive compound in human eye is made up of

A
Guanosine and Retinol

B
Opsin and Retinal

C
Opsin and Retinol

D
Transducin and Retinene

Solution

Retinal is also known as retinaldehyde. Retinal is one of the many forms of vitamin A. Retinal is bound to proteins called opsins and is the chemical basis of animal vision. Retinal allows certain microorganisms to convert light into metabolic energy. Opsins are a group of light-sensitive proteins found in photoreceptor cells of the retina. Vision begins with the photoisomerization of retinal. When the 11-cis-retinal chromophore absorbs a photon it isomerizes from the 11-cis state to the all-trans state. The absorbance spectrum of the chromophore depends on its interactions with the opsin protein to which it is bound.
Question 4
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Choose the correct statement.

A
Photoreceptors in the human eye are depolarized during darkness and become hyerpolarized in response to the light stimulus.

B
Receptors do not produce graded potentials.

C
Nociceptors respond to changes in pressure.

D
Meissner's corpsucles are thermoreceptors.
Solution
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Bright light causes breakdown of rhodopsin into opsin and retinal and resultant hyperpolarized rod cells send less neural signal i.e., reduce light sensitivity while darkness causes repolarization.
A receptor potential is a varied potential difference produced across the membrane; it is not all or none response. Nociceptor responds to pain not to pressure.
Meissner corpuscles are one of the three types of cutaneous mechanoreceptors sensitive to fine touch and are found in the skin of sole.
Question 5
1 / -0

Myelin sheath is produced by

A
Osteoclasts and Astrocytes

B
Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes

C
Astrocytes and Schwann Cells

D
Oligodendrocytes and Osteoclasts

Solution

Myelin sheath is also known as medullary sheath. It is an insulating layer which covers the axon and helps to maintain a constant membrane potential. It is produced by Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system and from oligodendroglia cells.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

Destruction of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord would result in loss of

A
Integrating impulses.

B
Sensory impulses.

C
Voluntary motor impulses.

D
Commissural impulses.

Solution

The anterior horn cells is the ventral region of the spinal cord. This region comprises the motor neurons which have an affect on movement of skeletal muscles. This is the area where there are cell bodies of motor neurons. When this area is damaged or destroyed due to any disease, the motor neurons will be destroyed. This will result in the loss of voluntary movements operated due to motor impulses. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
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A diagram showing axon terminal and synapse is given. Identify correctly at least two of A-C.

A
A- Receptor, C- Synaptic vesicles

B
B- Synaptic connection, C- $$K^{+}$$

C
A- Neurotansmitter, B- Synaptic cleft

D
C- Neurotransmitter, B- $$Ca^{++}$$

Solution

The synaptic vesicles (represented by C) are present inside the axon terminals and they contain the neurotransmitters. They get attached to the pre-synaptic membrane and release the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft (represented by B) which gets attached to the receptor (represented by A) present on post-synaptic membrane.
Thus, the correct solution is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is correct?

A
Cornea is an external, transparent and protective proteinaceous covering of the eye-ball

B
Cornea consists of dense connective tissue of elastin and can repair itself

C
Cornea is convex, transparent layer which is highly vascularised

D
Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen and is the most sensitive portion the eye

Solution

Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen, it is the transparent continuation of the sclera, that covers the iris and lens. It protects the eye ball from damage and prevents entry of micro-organisms into the eye
So, the correct answer is 'Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen and is the most sensitive portion the eye'
Question 9
1 / -0

Receptor sites for neurotransmitters are present on

A
Post-synaptic membrane

B
Membranes of synaptic vesicles

C
Pre-synaptic membrane

D
Tips of axons

Solution

Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that help to transfer the nerve signal from one neuron to the other during chemical synapse. These are stored in the synaptic vesicles at the axon terminal. These are released across the synaptic cleft, where they bind to specific receptors located on the postsynaptic side of the synapse.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
1 / -0

In mammalian eye, the 'fovea' is the center of the visual field where

A
More rods than cones are found

B
High density of cones occur but has no rods

C
The optic nerve leaves the eye

D
Only rods are present

Solution

The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye. It is located in the center of macula lutea of the retina. It is responsible for sharp central vision which is required during driving and reading. This region has a high density of cones but rods are absent. The central fovea consists of very compact cones, thinner and more rod-like in appearance than cones found elsewhere. Since the fovea does not have rods, it is not sensitive to dim lights. So, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Neural Control and Coordination Test - 6

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Neural Control and Coordination Test - 6

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Question 1

Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output

Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output

Both heart rate and cardiac output increases

Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases

Question 2

A- Retina - contains photo receptors rods and cones

B- Blind spot - has only a few rods and cones

C- Aqueous chamber - reflects the light which does not pass through the lens

D- Choroid - its anterior part forms ciliary body

Solution

Question 3

Guanosine and Retinol

Opsin and Retinal

Opsin and Retinol

Transducin and Retinene

Solution

Question 4

Photoreceptors in the human eye are depolarized during darkness and become hyerpolarized in response to the light stimulus.

Receptors do not produce graded potentials.

Nociceptors respond to changes in pressure.

Meissner's corpsucles are thermoreceptors.

Solution

Question 5

Osteoclasts and Astrocytes

Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes

Astrocytes and Schwann Cells

Oligodendrocytes and Osteoclasts

Solution

Question 6

Integrating impulses.

Sensory impulses.

Voluntary motor impulses.

Commissural impulses.

Solution

Question 7

A- Receptor, C- Synaptic vesicles

B- Synaptic connection, C- $$K^{+}$$

A- Neurotansmitter, B- Synaptic cleft

C- Neurotransmitter, B- $$Ca^{++}$$

Solution

Question 8

Cornea is an external, transparent and protective proteinaceous covering of the eye-ball

Cornea consists of dense connective tissue of elastin and can repair itself

Cornea is convex, transparent layer which is highly vascularised

Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen and is the most sensitive portion the eye

Solution

Question 9

Post-synaptic membrane

Membranes of synaptic vesicles

Pre-synaptic membrane

Tips of axons

Solution

Question 10

More rods than cones are found

High density of cones occur but has no rods

The optic nerve leaves the eye

Only rods are present

Solution

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