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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 11

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 11
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The $$\alpha$$-hydroxy progesterone is a/an
    Solution
    Hydroxyprogesterone is a physiological progestin that is produced during glucocorticoid and steroid hormone synthesis and is increased during the third trimester of pregnancy. 
    So the correct answer is D. Steroid. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The receptor for protein hormones are present on
    Solution
    • The hormone binds to specific receptors called hormone-receptors. 
    • These hormone receptors may be present on the cell surface or inside the cell, depending on the activity and pathway followed by the hormone for stimulation. 
    • Peptide hormones have receptors that are present on the cell surface. These receptors are embedded in the plasma membrane and so, called the transmembrane receptors. 
    So, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Pituitary gland is under the control of
    Solution
    While the pituitary gland is known as the 'master' endocrine gland, both of its lobes are under the control of the hypothalamus; the anterior pituitary receives its signals from the parvocellular neurons and the posterior pituitary receives its signals from magnocellular neurons.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Cells of the pancreas is not digested by their own enzymes because
    Solution
    The stomach and the pancreas make zymogens of the proteases pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin and these zymogens are released into the gastric or duodenal lumen for activation. This happens to prevent the digestion of these organs' (stomach and pancreas) own cells and tissues by the active form of the enzymes. So the production of zymogens is a protective strategy against the natural effects of the proteolytic enzymes.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Endocrine glands can be defined as those glands which pour their secretion
    Solution
    Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. They are also known as ductless glands.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Pancreatic juice contain bicarbonate which is secreted by
    Solution
    The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes. Under normal physiological conditions, digestive enzymes are activated only once they have reached the duodenum.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The two lobes of thyroid gland are joined by a horizontal connection known as
    Solution
    The thyroid isthmus is the part of the thyroid gland, that connects together the lower thirds of the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland. The thyroid isthmus measures about 1.25 cm. in breadth and the same in depth and usually covers the second and third rings of the trachea. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following pairs of organs includes only the endocrine glands?
    Solution
    Hormones are secreted by the endocrine system. Endocrine glands do not have ducts. Their secretions (hormones) are secreted into the bloodstream. Discrete endocrine glands - these include the pituitary (hypophysis), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands. Endocrine component of glands with both an endocrine and an exocrine function- these include the kidney, pancreas and gonads. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Parathyroid and adrenal'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following hormones is secreted by the kidney?
    Solution
    The human kidney secretes many hormones: erythropoietin (EPO), calcitriol, vitamin $$D_3$$, as well as the enzyme renin. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which one is a female sex hormone?
    Solution
    • There are two major female sex hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Both of these are steroid hormones.
    • Estradiol is one of three estrogen hormones naturally produced in the body.
    • In women, most estradiol is released from the ovaries and adrenal glands. It is also released by the placenta during pregnancy.

    So, the correct answer is option D.
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