Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 13

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 13

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Question 1
1 / -0

Urinary excretion of Na is regulated by

A
Anterior pituitary

B
Posterior pituitary

C
Adrenal cortex

D
Adrenal medulla

Solution

$$Na^+$$ is the predominant ion in the extracellular fluid. Nearly about 99% of filtered $$Na^+$$ is reabsorbed. The principal regulator of Na+ reabsorption is the steroid hormone aldosterone, which is produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone works to increase $$Na^+$$ reabsorption by promoting the expression of all the channels and pumps that mediate $$Na^+$$ reabsorption.
Question 2
1 / -0

T-cells mature in the

A
Peyer's patch

B
Lymph node

C
Thymus

D
Bursa of fabricius

Solution

T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte, that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They are called as T-cells because they mature in the thymus gland.
Question 3
1 / -0

Female sex hormones are

A
Progesterone

B
Estrogen

C
Testosterone

D
Both A and B

Solution

There are two major female sex hormones as estrogen and progesterone. Both of these are steroid hormones and are produced by the ovaries.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 4
1 / -0

A decrease in level of oestrogen and progesterone causes

A
Loss of endometrium

B
Growth of dilation of endometrium

C
Release of ova from ovaries

D
Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium
Solution
Estrogen: a group of sex hormones that promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics in the human body.
Progesterone: endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans. It is often called as the "pregnancy hormone".
Oestrogen and progesterone hormones mainly help to maintain pregnancy. A decreased level of both the hormone causes constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of the endometrium or uterine epithelium in the menstrual period.

So, the correct answer is "Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium".
Question 5
1 / -0

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the

A
Blood

B
Lymph

C
Capillary

D
Vein

Solution

Endocrine glands are the glands of the endocrine system of our body that secretes their hormones, products, directly into the blood. Pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands are the major endocrine glands. In contrast to these glands, some glands release their hormones with the help of a duct onto the epithelial surface and are called endocrine glands. Some of these are sweat gland, mammary gland, lacrimal gland, salivary gland, sebaceous gland, mucous gland etc.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

The stomach pain impulses are received by receptors known as

A
Proprioreceptors

B
Exteroreceptors

C
Visceral receptors

D
Chemoreceptors

Solution

a) Proprioceptors are the mechanoceptors which are activated by changes in pressure or movement and are involved in maintaining muscle tone, body equilibrium and posture.
b) Exteroreceptors are the one that is activated by stimulus from external environments. This includes photoreceptors of eye and mechanoreceptors of inner ear. Stomach pain is an internal stimulus.
c) Receptors which are present in internal organs and are activated by internal stimuli are known as visceral receptors. So, stomach pain impulses are received by visceral receptors
d) Chemoceptors are the specialized receptors for taste and smell which are activated by changes in the chemical concentration of the substances.

So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

Estrogens are secreted by

A
Follicle cells

B
Ovary

C
Germinal epithelium

D
Stroma

Solution

Estrogen is the female sex hormone. It is mainly secreted by the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles (in ovary) under the influence of FSH. These hormones are also released by the corpus luteum (after the egg has been released from the follicle) and from the placenta. It is responsible for maintaining the secondary sexual characteristics in female. In males, it helps in the sperm maturation. It also thickens the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle for pregnancy. So, the correct option is A.
Question 8
1 / -0

The malfunctioning of which endocrine gland causes diabetes?

A
Thyroid gland

B
Pancreas

C
Pituitary gland

D
Hypothalamus

Solution

The pancreas is an endocrine gland which produces two hormones insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps to regulate blood glucose levels. If the hyposecretion of insulin hormone or malfunctioning of pancreas then there will be the increased concentration of sugar in the blood and this condition is called as diabetes.
Question 9
1 / -0

The pituitary gland by virtue of itstropic hormones controls the secretory activity of other endocrine glands. Which one of the following endocrine glands can function independent of a pituitary gland?

A
Thyroid

B
Gonads

C
Adrenal glands

D
Parathyroid

Solution

Parathyroid gland is not controlled by the pituitary. The parathormone which secrets from this gland regulates calcium and phosphorus ion in the body. So, the correct answer is "Parathyroid".
Question 10
1 / -0

Androgens are secreted from

A
Ovary and placenta

B
Testis and adrenal

C
Ovary and testes

D
Thymus and parathyroid

Solution

The endocrine cells of testes present in the space between seminiferous tubules are termed as interstitial cells or interstitial cells of Laydig. They serve to secrete androgen, testosterone, which is responsible for development of male secondary sexual characters. Adrenal gland secretes glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones (by adrenal cortex) and epinephrine and norepinephrine (by adrenal medulla). The placenta is the structure formed between chorion and uterine tissue. it secretes human chorionic gonadotropin that maintains the corpus luteum. Ovaries are the female reproductive organs that secrete estrogen and progesterone; the female sex hormones. The epithelial lining of lobules of thymus secretes thymosins that serve as growth hormone. Parathyroid gland secretes the parathyroid hormone that reduces the blood phosphate level while increasing the blood calcium level. Thus, the correct answer is B.

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 13

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 13

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Anterior pituitary

Posterior pituitary

Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla

Solution

Question 2

Peyer's patch

Lymph node

Thymus

Bursa of fabricius

Solution

Question 3

Progesterone

Estrogen

Testosterone

Both A and B

Solution

Question 4

Loss of endometrium

Growth of dilation of endometrium

Release of ova from ovaries

Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium

Solution

Question 5

Blood

Lymph

Capillary

Vein

Solution

Question 6

Proprioreceptors

Exteroreceptors

Visceral receptors

Chemoreceptors

Solution

Question 7

Follicle cells

Ovary

Germinal epithelium

Stroma

Solution

Question 8

Thyroid gland

Pancreas

Pituitary gland

Hypothalamus

Solution

Question 9

Thyroid

Gonads

Adrenal glands

Parathyroid

Solution

Question 10

Ovary and placenta

Testis and adrenal

Ovary and testes

Thymus and parathyroid

Solution

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