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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 24

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 24
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  • Question 1
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    Which of the following statements is correct?
  • Question 2
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    Juxtaglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone
    Solution
    • Erythropoietin is a  peptide hormone produced primarily by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.
    • Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
    • The resulting rise in red cells increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
    •  As the prime regulator of red cell production, erythropoietin's major functions are to promote the development of red blood cells. Hence, Juxtaglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone called Erythropoietin.
    So, the correct answer is 'Erythropoietin'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin by
    Solution
    • Angiotensinogen is a precursor protein made in the liver for a hormone called angiotensin I. 
    • And renin catalyzes a reaction that converts the angiotensinogen protein into angiotensin I, which is a precursor hormone that is converted to an active hormone called angiotensin II by an enzyme known as an angiotensin-converting enzyme in the lungs. Hence, Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin by renin.
    So, the correct answer is 'renin'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following causes decrease in blood pressure?
    Solution
    ANF (Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the high blood volume and high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANF causes vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and thereby decrease the blood pressure.
    So, the correct answer is 'ANF'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The increase in blood flow to heart stimulates secretion of
    Solution
    ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the increased blood flow and high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANP  maintains the homeostasis of electrolytes by binding to an ANP Receptor -Antagonist. Binding causes the increase in renal sodium excretion, which results in a decreased ECF and blood volume. Hence The increase in blood flow to heart stimulates secretion of Atrial natriuretic factor'.
    So, the correct answer is 'Atrial natriuretic factor'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one produces erythropoietin?
    Solution
    • Erythropoietin is a  peptide hormone produced primarily by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.
    • Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
    • The resulting rise in red cells increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Hence, the kidney produces erythropoietin.
    So, the correct answer is 'kidney'.
  • Question 7
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    Which does not match?
  • Question 8
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    Which of the following statement is correct regarding the mechanism of action of ANF?
    Solution
    ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is synthesized and secreted by cardiac muscle cells in the walls of the atria in the heart. When the blood pressure is increased due to high blood volume the heart needs to pump more blood it results in the stretch in the walls of atria which releases ANF in the circulatory blood. Then ANF acts on the blood vessels and causes vasodilation. ANF is secreted in response to high blood pressure and high blood volume and causes vasodilation which results in lowering of blood pressure hence maintains homeostasis.
    So, the correct answer is 'All the above'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Atrial natriuretic factor is released by
    Solution
    ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the high blood volume and high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANP  maintains the homeostasis of electrolytes by binding to an ANP Receptor -Antagonist. Binding causes the increase in renal sodium excretion, which results in a decreased ECF and blood volume. Hence Atrial natriuretic factor is released by Heart.
    So, the correct answer is 'Heart'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which one increases glomerular pressure?
    Solution
    • Angiotensin is a polypeptide that narrow blood vessels and thus regulates arterial pressure. 
    • Angiotensin not only constricts blood vessels all over the body in order to increase systemic blood pressure, but it also works in the kidneys in order to maintain blood pressure in the glomerulus(glomerular pressure) so that the glomerular filtration rate stays normal even in the condition when blood pressure is low. Hence, angiotensin increases glomerular pressure.
    So, the correct answer is 'angiotensin'.
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