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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 25

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 25
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Hair roots are located in
    Solution
    Skin has three layers:
    • The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. 
    • The second layer of skin is the dermis, located under the epidermis. It contains connective tissue, nerve endings, and hair follicles.
    •  Subcutaneous tissue is the third layer of the skin. Located beneath the dermis and epidermis, it is mostly fat. Hence, Hair roots are located in Dermis.
    So, the correct answer is 'Dermis'.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Centre of thirst and hunger is located in
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following process acts as an antagonist to the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism?
    Solution
    When blood volume is increased than the normal volume it causes the heart to pump more blood which causes the heart walls to stretch. In response to stretch, the atrial wall releases ANF which acts on the kidney to increase sodium excretion and GFR, to antagonize the activity of Renin-angiotensin aldosterone mechanism. Thus, Renin-Angiotensin mechanism and its antagonist Atrial natriuretic factor act simultaneously to maintain normal blood volume.
    So, the correct answer is 'Atrial natriuretic factor'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following hormone maintains the homeostasis of electrolytes?
    Solution
    ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the high blood volume and high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANP  maintains the homeostasis of electrolytes by binding to an ANP Receptor -Antagonist. Binding causes the increase in renal sodium excretion, which results in a decreased ECF and blood volume.
    So, the correct answer is 'ANF'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Vasodilation b the ANF mainly causes
    Solution
    ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the high blood volume and high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANF causes vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and thereby decrease the blood pressure. ANF mechanism, therefore, acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
    So, the correct answer is 'Decrease in blood pressure'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following hormone acts antagonist to aldosterone?
    Solution
    The hormone antagonist to aldosterone means the hormone having opposite function to that of aldosterone. ANP (Atrial natriuretic polypeptide) has the opposite effect of aldosterone on the kidney i.e aldosterone increases renal sodium retention and ANP increases renal sodium loss.
    So, the correct answer is 'ANP'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Body coordination is maintained by
    Solution

    D. Both B and C

    Reason: The body coordination is maintained by the neuroendocrine system. It consists of the nervous system and the endocrine system. The nervous system controls the movement, etc. and the endocrine system regulates other physiological functions like - production of gametes, etc. Both of these systems are interconnected with each other.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    According to one of the theories of ageing, the decline and disappearance of which gland by late middle age is the primary cause of ageing? 
    Solution
    A. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
    B. Parathyroid gland is present in the form of four small pouches which are embedded in the posterior surface of lobes of thyroid gland. This gland secretes parathormone which increases calcium reabsorption from the bones and causes mobilisation of calcium in the blood.
    C. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. This gland shows maximum development in children during puberty and by the age of 70, it becomes a tiny structure.
    D. Posterior lobe of pituitary is known as neurohypophysis and secretes oxytocin and vasopressin hormone.
    Hence, disappearance of thymus gland is primary cause of ageing because immune system of body is affected due to retardation of thymus gland leading to weak immunity.
    So, the correct answer is 'Thymus'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Gland responsible for calcium metabolism is 
    Solution
    A. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
    B. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
    C. Parathyroid gland is present in the form of four small pouches which are embedded in the posterior surface of lobes of thyroid gland. This gland secretes parathormone which increases calcium reabsorption from the bones and causes mobilisation of calcium in the blood.
    D. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexocorticoids and adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
    Hence, the gland responsible for calcium metabolism is parathyroid gland.
    So, the correct answer is 'Parathyroid'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The releasing hormones are produced by
    Solution
    A. Testis are the primary sex organs in males that secrete the hormone testosterone.
    B. Pancreas is a heterocrine gland as it acts both as endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes insulin hormone into blood and act as endocrine gland and when it secretes digestive enzymes and juice through pancreatic duct, it acts as exocrine gland.
    C. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
    D. Hypothalamus is present in the forebrain. This gland secretes hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of pituitary gland. Two types of hormones are produced by hypothalamus, releasing hormones that stimulate the secretion of pituitary hormones and inhibiting hormones that inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.
    So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.
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