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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 30

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 30
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Daily rhythms are associated with
    Solution
    A. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
    B. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
    C. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones. Melatonin is derived from amino acid tryptophan and secreted from pineal gland. It regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature etc. and also affects metabolism and pigmentation.
    D. Hypothalamus is present in the forebrain. This gland secretes hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of pituitary gland. 
    Hence, daily rhythms are associated with pineal gland. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Parathormone deficiency causes
    Solution
    A. Goitre is the enlargement of thyroid gland which occurs due to deficiency of iodine in the body. When the iodine levels are low, thyroid gland becomes hyper active and enlarged to compensate the deficiency of thyroid hormone in the body. The enlarged thyroid gland is visible as a swelling in the throat known as goitre.
    B. Hypocalcemia is the condition of reduced sugar levels in blood.
    C. Hypercalcemia is the condition of increased sugar levels in blood.
    Parathormone is secreted from the parathyroid hormone and increases blood calcium level by increasing the reabsorption of calcium from the bones. Hence, its deficiency will lead to decreased sugar levels in blood i.e. hypocalcemia.
    So, the correct answer is 'Hypocalcemia'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Hormone produced more in dark is 
    Solution
    A. Thyroxine is secreted from thyroid gland. It stimulates the consumption of oxygen by metabolically active tissues and also increases the oxidation of glucose in tissues. 
    B. Melatonin is derived from amino acid tryptophan and secreted from pineal gland. It regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body like sleep-wake cycle, temperature etc. and also affects metabolism and pigmentation.
    C. Adrenaline, also known as emergency hormone, is secreted from the adrenal medulla. This hormone is associated with maintenance of homeostasis in body and is secreted in response to any kind of stress or emergency in the body.
    D. Insulin is secreted from the β cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. Insulin acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes and increases the uptake of cellular glucose and its utilisation. 
    Hence, hormone produced more in dark is melatonin because it is responsible for pigmentation.
    So, the correct answer is 'Melatonin'. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which one controls the secretion of estrogen?
    Solution
    A. hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is secreted from placenta and maintains corpus luteum. 
    B. Progesterone is a steroid female sex hormone which is also known as pregnancy hormone. It maintains the inner lining of uterus which aids in implantation of embryo in the uterus. 
    C. Luteinizing hormone or LH stimulates growth of ovarian follicles in females. In males this hormone is called interstitial cell stimulating hormone or ICSH and affects the Leydig cells of testes.
    D. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is secreted from the anterior part of pituitary gland. It stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females.
    Estrogen is a female sex hormone secreted from ovarian follicles which are influenced by FSH.
    So, the correct answer is 'FSH'.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Secretion is under control of neurosecretory nerve axons in
    Solution
    The axons of neurosecretory neurons secrete neurohormones. They are glandular and unmyelinated secretory cells. The neurohormones synthesised by neurosecretory neurons are oxytocin and vasopressin which are secreted from posterior lobe of pituitary gland. The cells of posterior pituitary are called  pituicytes which are non-functional and secrete the hormones synthesised by neurosecretory neurons.
    So, the correct answer is 'Posterior pituitary'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Androgen is
    Solution
    Androgen is a steroid hormone which is secreted from adrenal cortex in males. It is a sexocorticoid or a sex hormone. Testosterone is the principle androgen secreted in males. It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characters in males. Androgens are secreted as DHEA (Dehydroxy Epiandrosterone) which is a precursor of testosterone. Hence, androgen is a male hormone.
    So, the correct answer is 'Male hormone'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is false
    Solution

    Correct Option: D

    Explanation:

    • The medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum are part of the hindbrain.

    • Thalamus helps in relaying motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.

    • The folds of the cerebral cortex are called as gyrus.

    • Hypothalamus is of major importance because it controls the release of hormones in pour body.

    Hence, the false statement is that the hypothalamus has a role in recognizing and experiencing.


  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Brain sand is associated with
    Solution
    A. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
    B. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones.
    C. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone.
    D. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
    Brain sand, known as Corpora arenacea, are calcified structures found in pineal gland. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is used to treat thyroid cancer?
    Solution
    Iodine - 131 or I - 131 is a radioactive element. It is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Thyroid gland synthesises thyroxine hormone from iodine and for this, it uptakes the iodine from the blood. When radioactive iodine is given in small dosage to the cancer patient, it is concentrated in the thyroid gland as the thyroid gland uptakes radioactive iodine from the blood which destroys the cells of thyroid gland. Hence, radioactive iodine can destroy the increased tissue of thyroid gland. 
    So, the correct answer is 'I - 131'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Hormone melatonin is secreted by
    Solution
    A. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexocorticoids and adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
    B. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
    C. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
    D. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones.
    So, the correct answer is 'Pineal'.
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