Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 35

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 35

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Hormone responsible for regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis is secreted by

A
Pituitary

B
Parathyroids

C
Thymus

D
Pancreas

Solution

The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone. Humans have four parathyroid glands, which are usually located behind the thyroid gland and in rare cases, within the thyroid gland or in the chest. Parathyroid glands control the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of these can pass easily through cell membrane of target cells and bind to internal receptors?

A
Thyroxine, insulin

B
Somatostatin, Oxytocin

C
Insulin, glucagon

D
Cortisol, testosterone

Solution

A. Thyroxine, insulin hormones are protein hormones.
B. Somatostatin, oxytocin are protein hormones.
C. Insulin, glucagon are protein hormones.
D. Cortisol, testosterone are steroid hormones.
Steroid hormones are made up of fats and are not soluble in water, hence they can easily pass through the cell membrane.
So, the answer is Cortisol, testosterone.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which one is not produced by basophils of pituitary?

A
Prolactin

B
TSH

C
FSH

D
LH

Solution

Anterior lobe of pituitary gland has chromophobe and chromophil cells. The chromophil cells are of two types, acidophils and basophils depending upon whether they stain with acidic stain or basic stain.
Prolactin is produced by acidophilic cells of anterior pituitary. It stimulates milk production in mammary glands.
TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone), FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (Luteinizing hormone) are secreted from basophilic cells of anterior pituitary.
So, the correct answer is 'Prolactin'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Somatostatin

A
Stimulates glucagon release and inhibits insulin release

B
Stimulates release of insulin and glucagon

C
Inhibits release of insulin and glucagon

D
Inhibits glucagon release and stimulates insulin release
Solution
Somatostatin is secreted from hypothalamus and inhibits the release of growth hormone from pituitary gland. It is also produced in pancreas. Pancreas have three types of cells:
1. Alpha cells: secrete glucagon which increases blood glucose level
2. Beta cells: secrete insulin which decreases blood glucose level
3. Delta cells: secrete somatostatin which inhibit secretion of glucagon and insulin.
So, the correct answer is 'Inhibits release of insulin and glucagon'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Hypercalcemic hormone is

A
Thyroxine

B
Tri-iodo-thyronine

C
Parathormone

D
Thyrocalcitonin

Solution

Parathormone is a hypercalcemic hormone that increases the blood calcium levels. The parathyroid glands secrete a peptide hormone called parathyroid hormone or parathormone (PTH). The release of parathromone is regulated by the circulating levels of calcium ($$Ca^{2+}$$) ions in the blood. PTH plays an important role in calcium balance of the body. It maintains the calcium balance between the blood and other tissues. When the calcium level in the blood decreases, parathyroid hormone is released in order to increase the calcium level in the blood. PTH acts on bones and other skeletal structure and mobilizes the calcium ($$Ca^{2+}$$) from the bones into the blood. This is called bone resorption/dissolution/demineralization. The parathromone also increases the reabsorption of calcium by the renal tubules and absorption of calcium from the digested food.
Question 6
1 / -0

Erythropoietin stimulates

A
Osmoregulation

B
Formation of RBC

C
Reduces blood pressure

D
Formation of WBC

Solution

Erythropoietin is also known as haemopoietin. It is a glycoprotein secreted from juxtaglomerular cells of kidney. It stimulates the formation of RBCs in bone marrow and this process is called erythropoiesis. RBCs (Red Blood Cells) carry oxygen and transport it to various parts of body. Erythropoietin is secreted in response to hypoxic conditions i.e. low oxygen in body.
So, the correct answer is 'Formation of RBC'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Match the columns

I II III
1. Melatonin a. Thyroid i. Acts on renal tubules
2. MSH b. Adrenal ii. Rregulates blood calcium level
3. Aldosterone c. Pituitary iii. Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body
4. TCT d. Pineal iv. Acts on melanocytes

A
4-a-iv, 3-d-iii, 1-b-ii, 2-c-i

B
1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-i, 4-a-ii

C
1-b-i, 4-a-iii, 3-c-ii, 2-d-iv

D
2-c-ii, 1-b-i, 4-c-iv, 3-c-iii

E
2-c-iv, 3-a-ii, 1-d-iii, 4-b-i

Solution

1. Melatonin is secreted from pineal gland and regulates diurnal rhythm of body.
2. MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) is secreted from intermediate lobe of pituitary gland and acts on melanocytes to secrete melanin which regulates pigmentation.
3. Aldosterone is secreted from adrenal gland and acts on renal tubules to stimulate water absorption.
4. TCT (Thyrocalcitonin) is secreted from thyroid gland and regulates blood calcium level.
So, the correct answer is '1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-i, 4-a-ii'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which is not the function of endocrine gland, located in upper dorsal side of heart and aorta?

A
Plays important role in development of immune system

B
Induces differentiation of T-lymphocytes

C
Induces formation of RBCs

D
Induces development of T-lymphocytes

Solution

Thymus gland is a lobular structure present on dorsal side of heart and aorta. It is associated with the development of immune system. This gland consists of lymphoid tissue which plays an important role in the maturation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes. It secretes thymosin hormone which stimulates differentiation of T-lymphocytes associated with cell-mediated immunity. Thymosin also promotes formation of antibodies for humoral immunity.
RBCs formation is induced by erythropoietin secreted from juxtaglomerular cells of kidney.
So, the correct answer is 'Induces formation of RBCs'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of these represents the action of insulin?

A
Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen

B
Increases blood glucose level by promoting cellular uptake of glucose

C
Increases blood glucose levels by hydrolysis of glycogen

D
Increases blood glucose levels by stimulating glucagon production

Solution

Insulin is secreted from the β-cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. Insulin acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes and increases the uptake of cellular glucose and its utilisation. This results in rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes and adipocytes and leads to decreased glucose levels in blood. This condition is known as hypoglycaemia. Insulin also stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen in target cells and this process of formation of glycogen is called glycogenesis.
So, the correct answer is 'Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Cancer of parafollicular or C-cells of thyroid is

A
Follicular cancer

B
Medullary cancer

C
Papillary cancer

D
Anaplastic cancer

Solution

A. Follicular cancer is a cancer of follicular cells of thyroid gland which secrete thyroxine hormone.
B. Medullary cancer is a cancer of parafollicular cells of thyroid gland which secrete calcitonin hormone.
C. Papillary cancer is a slow growing cancer of thyroid gland in which an irregular mass of cells is formed at the base of thyroid.
D. Anaplastic cancer is a rare form of thyroid cancer.
So, the correct answer is 'Medullary cancer'.

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	I		II		III
1.	Melatonin	a.	Thyroid	i.	Acts on renal tubules
2.	MSH	b.	Adrenal	ii.	Rregulates blood calcium level
3.	Aldosterone	c.	Pituitary	iii.	Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body
4.	TCT	d.	Pineal	iv.	Acts on melanocytes

Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 35

Result

Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 35

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pituitary

Parathyroids

Thymus

Pancreas

Solution

Question 2

Thyroxine, insulin

Somatostatin, Oxytocin

Insulin, glucagon

Cortisol, testosterone

Solution

Question 3

Prolactin

TSH

FSH

LH

Solution

Question 4

Stimulates glucagon release and inhibits insulin release

Stimulates release of insulin and glucagon

Inhibits release of insulin and glucagon

Inhibits glucagon release and stimulates insulin release

Solution

Question 5

Thyroxine

Tri-iodo-thyronine

Parathormone

Thyrocalcitonin

Solution

Question 6

Osmoregulation

Formation of RBC

Reduces blood pressure

Formation of WBC

Solution

Question 7

4-a-iv, 3-d-iii, 1-b-ii, 2-c-i

1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-i, 4-a-ii

1-b-i, 4-a-iii, 3-c-ii, 2-d-iv

2-c-ii, 1-b-i, 4-c-iv, 3-c-iii

2-c-iv, 3-a-ii, 1-d-iii, 4-b-i

Solution

Question 8

Plays important role in development of immune system

Induces differentiation of T-lymphocytes

Induces formation of RBCs

Induces development of T-lymphocytes

Solution

Question 9

Decreases blood glucose levels by forming glycogen

Increases blood glucose level by promoting cellular uptake of glucose

Increases blood glucose levels by hydrolysis of glycogen

Increases blood glucose levels by stimulating glucagon production

Solution

Question 10

Follicular cancer

Medullary cancer

Papillary cancer

Anaplastic cancer

Solution

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