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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 36

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 36
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Pineal gland is located
    Solution
    • The pineal gland, known as epiphysis, is located on the dorsal side of the forebrain. 
    • It is a small, rounded, stalked and reddish-brown gland that resembles a pine cone. 
    • It secretes melatonin and serotonin hormone. Melatonin regulates the circadian rhythm of the body, pigmentation, metabolism and defence capability. 
    • Serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter and regulates functions of many organs of the body like memory, sleeping, learning etc.
    So, the correct answer is 'In brain'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
     At the time of interview, heart beat increases due to
    Solution
    At the time of interview heart beat increases due to secretion of adrenaline from adrenal medulla. Adrenaline or epinephrine is secreted in response to stress conditions in the body or when the homeostasis of body is disturbed. It induces fight or flight reactions in the body. It increases alertness, heartbeat and strength of heart contraction.
    So, the correct answer is 'Secretion of adrenaline'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Select the correct match of endocrine gland, its hormone and its function.
    Solution
    A. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone which is essential for maintenance of endometrium.
    B. Leydig cells of testes secrete androgen (testosterone) which stimulates spermatogenesis (formation of sperms from germ cells).
    C. Ovary contains ovarian follicles which secrete estrogen. The development of ovarian follicles is stimulated by FSH secreted from anterior pituitary.
    D. Pancreas secrete glucagon and insulin hormone which regulate blood sugar level.
    So, the correct answer is 'Leydig cells - androgen - initiates production of sperms'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Name the gland which is located under corpus callosum.
    Solution
    A. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids (Cortisol), mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) and sexocorticoids (Androgen) and, adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
    B. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
    C. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. It is located under corpus callosum (bridge between right and left sides of brain). This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones.
    D. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
    So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Decreased level of estrogen is common cause of 
    Solution
    Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle due to dissolution of calcium. Due to oestrogen deficiency, osteoclasts i.e. cells that breakdown bones, stay for longer period of time in body and hence cause dissolution of calcium from the bones. Due to this, bones become weak and fragile. After menopause, oestrogen secretion is decreased in females which leads to osteoporosis.
    So, the correct answer is 'Osteoporosis'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Due to deficiency of which hormone, bones become weak in females?
    Solution
    Oestrogen is a female sex hormone secreted from ovarian follicles. It stimulates development of secondary sex organs and sexual characters in females. After menopause, oestrogen secretion is decreased in females which leads to osteoporosis. It is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle due to dissolution of calcium. Due to oestrogen deficiency, osteoclasts i.e. cells that breakdown bones, stay for longer period of time in body and hence cause dissolution of calcium from the bones. Due to this, bones become weak and fragile.
    So, the correct answer is 'Oestrogen'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Erythropoietin is produced by
    Solution
    A. Thymus secretes thymosins. 
    B. Pituitary secretes thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).
    C. Heart secretes atrial natriuretic factor (ANF).
    D. Kidney secretes erythropoietin (EPO) and renin.
    So, the correct answer is 'Kidney'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Steroid hormones 
    Solution
    Correct option: C
    Explanation:
    • Steroid hormones do not require receptors to enter the cell.
    • It passes freely through the cell and alters the activity of genes.
    • The hormones act as transcription factors and directly affect the process.
    Hence, steroid hormones "alter the activity of genes".
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Choose the wrong statement.
    Solution
    A. Somatostatin is also known as growth hormone-releasing inhibiting hormone. It is secreted from hypothalamus and inhibits the secretion of somatotrophic hormone or growth hormone.
    B. Pars intermediate, the intermediate lobe of pituitary gland, secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone which regulates pigmentation.
    C. In humans, pars intermedia is almost merged with pars distalis to form adenohypophysis.
    D. Corpus luteum is a structure formed after release of ovum from the mature follicle (ovulation). It degenerates in absence of pregnancy.
    Hence, statement A is wrong.
    So, the correct answer is 'Somatostatin secreted by hypothalamus stimulates secretion of somatotrophic hormone.'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Identify the hormones a, b and c that are labelled in the given flow chart.

    Solution
    Hypothalamus secretes GnRH gonadotropin-releasing hormone which stimulates the pituitary gland to synthesise and release the gonadotrophins. The pituitary releases FSH follicle stimulating hormone and LH luteinizing hormone. FSH stimulates growth and development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogen hormone. LH stimulates the testes to synthesise and secrete androgens.
    So, the correct answer is 'a-GnRH, b-FSH, c-LH'.
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