Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 37

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 37

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Melatonin is produced from

A
Pineal gland

B
Adrenal gland

C
Parathyroid gland

D
Ovary

Solution

A. Pineal gland produces melatonin which regulates the 24 hours rhythm of the body.
B. Adrenal gland produces adrenaline and noradrenaline by adrenal medulla and corticoids by the adrenal cortex.
C. Parathyroid gland produces a parathyroid hormone (PTH).
D. Ovary produces estrogen and progesterone.
So, the correct answer is 'Pineal gland'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Human endocrine gland regulating body rhythms is

A
Adrenal

B
Pineal

C
Thymus

D
Thyroid

Solution

A. The adrenal gland is composed of two tissues - adrenal medulla (internal) and adrenal cortex (external). The adrenal medulla secretes two hormones called adrenaline or epinephrine and noradrenaline or norepinephrine. These hormones increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, sweating, heartbeat, the strength of heart contraction and rate of respiration. The adrenal cortex secretes corticoids.
B. The pineal gland secretes a hormone called melatonin. This plays a very important role in the regulation of a 24 hour (diurnal) rhythm of the body.
C. Thymus gland secretes the peptide hormones called thymosins. It plays a major role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes, which provide cell-mediated immunity.
D. The thyroid gland secretes tetraiodothyronine and triiodothyronine. These controls basic metabolic rate, physical growth and metabolism of proteins, fat and carbohydrate.
So, the correct answer is 'pineal'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Match the columns and choose the correct option.
i. Hypothalamus a. Melanocyte stimulating hormone
ii. Pars intermedia b. Aldosterone
iii. Pineal gland c. Gonadotropin releasing hormone
iv. Adrenal medulla d. Melatonin
v. Adrenal cortex e. Catecholamines

A
i-e, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b, v-c

B
i-e, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b, v-c

C
i-b, ii-d, iii-a, iv-c, v-e

D
i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b, v-e

E
i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-e, v-b

Solution

(i) Hypothalamus secretes Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) which stimulates the release of FSH and LH from anterior lobe of pituitary gland.
(ii) Pars intermedia (intermediate lobe of pituitary gland) secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) which maintains pigmentation.
(iii) Pineal gland secretes melatonin hormone which regulates circadian rhythm of body.
(iv) Adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline.
(v) Adrenal cortex secretes aldosterone which is a mineralocorticoid and maintains electrolyte balance in the body.
So, the correct answer is 'i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-e, v-b'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which is not a function of thyroid hormone?

A
Regulation of basal metabolic rate

B
Controls metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats

C
Maintains water and electrolyte balance

D
Regulates the diurnal rhythm
Solution
Thyroid hormones are secreted from thyroid gland and regulate many functions of body like:
- regulation of BMR (Basal metabolic rate) by thyroxine which increases consumption of glucose by metabolically active tissues.
- regulation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats metabolism.
- regulation of water and electrolyte balance by calcitonin which inhibits reabsorption of calcium by renal tubules.
Diurnal rhythm of body is regulated by melatonin hormone secreted from pineal gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Regulates the diurnal rhythm'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Identify the incorrect combination in the following.

A
Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleep wake cycle

B
Progesterone - corpus luteum, stimulates growth and activities of female secondary sex organs

C
Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall, increases blood pressure

D
Oxytocin - posterior pituitary, uterine contraction

Solution

A. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland which regulates a 24-hour (diurnal) rhythm of the body, it helps in maintaining the normal rhythms of the sleep-wake cycle and body temperature.
B. Progesterone is secreted by corpus luteum which supports pregnancy and stimulates growth and activities of female secondary sex organs.
C. The atrial natriuretic factor is secreted by the atrial wall of the heart which decreases blood pressure.
D. Oxytocin is secreted by the posterior pituitary which constricts the uterine wall during labor.
So, the correct answer is 'Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall increases blood pressure'.
Question 6
1 / -0

In response to increased returns of venous blood in the heart, ................ hormone is secreted from ..................

A
ADH from kidney

B
ANF from heart

C
Epinephrine from adrenal medulla

D
Nor-adrenaline from adrenal medulla.

Solution

When there is increased venous return to the heart, the heart needs to pump more blood it leads to stretch in heart walls. In response to the stretch, the heart wall releases ANF into the blood circulation.ANF binds to ANF Receptor -Antagonist. Binding causes the increase in renal sodium excretion, which results in a decreased ECF and blood volume. Hence In response to increased returns of venous blood in the heart, the ANF hormone is secreted from the heart.
So, the correct answer is 'ANF from Heart'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Ecotopically transplanted pituitary secretes following hormone abundantly _______________.

A
Oxytocin

B
Vasopressin

C
Prolactin

D
Inhibin
Question 8
1 / -0

You are watching a horror movie and you notice your heart is beating fast and mouth is dry. It is because of

A
Fight and flight response

B
Autonomic nervous system

C
Sympathetic nervous system

D
Both A and C

Solution

Fast heart beat and dry mouth occurs due to secretion of adrenaline. It is secreted from adrenal medulla in response to stress conditions in the body or when homeostasis of body is disturbed. It acts as a neurotransmitter and stimulates sympathetic nervous system to induce fight or flight responses in the body. It increases alertness, heartbeat and strength of heart contractions.
Hence, both options A and C are correct.
So, the correct answer is 'Both A and C'
Question 9
1 / -0

Osteoporosis, an age related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to

A
Accumulation of uric acid

B
Immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction

C
High concentration of Ca$$^{2+}$$ and Na$$^+$$

D
Decreased level of oestrogen

Solution

A. Accumulation of uric acid leads to gout. It is a form of arthritis in which there is severe pain, redness and tenderness in joints.
B. Immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leads to myasthenia gravis. It is a neuromuscular disorder that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles which are under control.
C. High concentration of calcium and sodium which leads to hypercalcemia and hypernatremia.
D. Decreased level of estrogen leads to osteoporosis. In this bones become weak and brittle.
So, the correct answer is 'Decreased level of estrogen'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) decreases

A
Blood pressure

B
Secretion of renin

C
$$Na^+$$ secretion

D
Vasodilation

Solution

ANF(Atrial natriuretic factor) is a protein hormone which is secreted by the atrial wall in response to the high blood pressure into the circulatory blood. ANF causes vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and thereby decrease the blood pressure. ANF mechanism, therefore, acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism. So, the correct answer is 'Blood pressure'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

i.	Hypothalamus	a.	Melanocyte stimulating hormone
ii.	Pars intermedia	b.	Aldosterone
iii.	Pineal gland	c.	Gonadotropin releasing hormone
iv.	Adrenal medulla	d.	Melatonin
v.	Adrenal cortex	e.	Catecholamines

Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 37

Result

Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 37

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pineal gland

Adrenal gland

Parathyroid gland

Ovary

Solution

Question 2

Adrenal

Pineal

Thymus

Thyroid

Solution

Question 3

i-e, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b, v-c

i-e, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b, v-c

i-b, ii-d, iii-a, iv-c, v-e

i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b, v-e

i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-e, v-b

Solution

Question 4

Regulation of basal metabolic rate

Controls metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Maintains water and electrolyte balance

Regulates the diurnal rhythm

Solution

Question 5

Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleep wake cycle

Progesterone - corpus luteum, stimulates growth and activities of female secondary sex organs

Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall, increases blood pressure

Oxytocin - posterior pituitary, uterine contraction

Solution

Question 6

ADH from kidney

ANF from heart

Epinephrine from adrenal medulla

Nor-adrenaline from adrenal medulla.

Solution

Question 7

Oxytocin

Vasopressin

Prolactin

Inhibin

Question 8

Fight and flight response

Autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system

Both A and C

Solution

Question 9

Accumulation of uric acid

Immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction

High concentration of Ca$$^{2+}$$ and Na$$^+$$

Decreased level of oestrogen

Solution

Question 10

Blood pressure

Secretion of renin

$$Na^+$$ secretion

Vasodilation

Solution

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