Chemical Coordination and Integration Test -4

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test -4

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

A dwarf person showing stunted growth and mental retardation both, is a result of hyposecretion of

A
Parathyroid hormone

B
Growth hormone

C
Thymosin and melatonin

D
Thyroid hormone

Solution

Hypothyroidism causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading to stunted growth (cretinism), mental retardation, low intelligence quotient, abnormal skin, deaf-mutism, etc.
Question 2
1 / -0

Match the names of organ having isolated endocrine cells with hormone secreted by those cells :

Organ Hormone

a) Kidney i) angiotensin

b) Liver ii) Erythropoietin

c) Gastro-intestinal Tract iii) ANF

d) Heart iv) CCK

A
a)-i, b)-ii, c)-iii, d)-iv

B
a)-i, b)-ii, c)-iv, d)-iii

C
a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iii, d)-iv

D
a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iv, d)-iii

Solution

The atrial wall of our heart secretes a very important peptide hormone called ANF.

Angiotensin I is produced by the action of renin (an enzyme produced by the kidneys) on a protein called angiotensinogen, which is formed by the liver.

The juxtaglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone called erythropoietin.

The gastro-intestinal tract secrete peptide hormone called CCK.

Question 3

1 / -0

Match the following :

Column A	Column B
a) PTH	i) Mineralocorticoid
b) Cortisol	ii) Inhibiting hormone
c) Aldosterone	iii)Collip’s hormone
d) Somatostatin	iv) Glucocorticoid

a)-iv, b)-ii, c)-i, d)-iii

a)-iii, b)-iv, c)-i, d)-ii

a)-iv, b)-iii, c)-ii, d)-i

a)-i, b)-iii, c)-iv, d)-ii

Solution

pituitary thyroid hormone is also called as collip’s hormone. Cortisol is called as glucocorticoid hormone. Aldosterone is called as mineralocorticoid and somatostatin is called as inhibiting hormone.

Question 4
1 / -0

The Prolactin inhibiting neurohormone is :

A
Dopamine

B
Acetylcholine

C
Serotonin

D
Catecholamine

Solution

The Prolactin inhibiting neurohormone is dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that helps control the brain’s reward and pleasure centers.
Question 5
1 / -0

Pituitary dwarfs will not show :

A
stunted growth

B
normal intelligence

C
inhibited growth of long bones

D
mental retardation

Solution

Pituitary dwarf hormone will show normal intelligence, stunned growth and inhibited growth of long bones. Pituitary dwarfs will no show mental retardation.
Question 6
1 / -0

Read the following statements about gestational diabetes :

i. It must be controlled to protect baby’s growth and development.
ii. It puts women at risk for developing Type – 1 diabetes.

A
Statement ii) is wrong and i) is correct.

B
Statement ii) is correct and i) is wrong.

C
both are correct.

D
both are wrong.

Solution

Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy. It must be controlled to protect baby’s growth and development. This kind of diabetes never leads to develop type-1 diabetes.
Question 7
1 / -0

Oral contraceptive pills contain estrogen and progesterone, that prevent

A
release of secondary oocyte from ovary.

B
formation of new ovarian follicles.

C
implantation of fertilized egg in the uterus.

D
all the above.

Solution

Oral contraceptive pill contain estrogen and progesterone that prevents the release of secondary oocyte from ovary. The secondary oocyte develops to female egg or ovum. Use of these pills prevents the ovum formation.
Question 8
1 / -0

To exert their effect on the target cell, water soluble hormones will need to bind with

A
nuclear receptors.

B
cell membrane bound receptors.

C
plasma proteins.

D
cytosolic receptors.

Solution

Hormones are released in trace amount from endocrine glands and to exert their effect on the target cell, water soluble hormones will need to bind with cell membrane bound receptors.
Question 9
1 / -0

During adolescence phase, Sunil’s body became abnormally large due to excessive growth of bones of his lower jaw and limbs.This abnormality is called

A
Exopthalamic goitre

B
Acromegaly

C
Addison’s disease

D
Gigantism

Solution

Acromegaly is the abnormal growth of the hands, feet and face caused by over production of growth hormone by pituitary gland.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following is not matched correctly :

A
Thyroid and Parathyroid → derived from ectoderm

B
Adrenal medulla → derived from ectoderm

C
Gonads → derived from mesoderm

D
Adrenal cortex → derived from ectoderm

Solution

Adrenal cortex is mesodermal in origin. Adrenal medulla is derived from ectoderm, gonads is derived from mesoderm and thyroid and parathyroidis derived ectoderm.
Question 11
1 / -0

The 24 hour (diurnal) rhythm of our body such as the sleep-wake cycle is regulated by the hormone

A
Calcitonin

B
Prolactin

C
Adrenaline

D
Melatonin
Solution
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in the brain.
Melatonin, often referred to as the sleep hormone, is a central part of the body's sleep-wake cycle. Its production increases with evening darkness, promoting healthy sleep and helping to orient our circadian rhythm.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?

A
Increase in aldosterone levels

B
Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels

C
Decrease in aldosterone levels

D
None of the above

Solution

Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex. The main function of aldosterone is to serve as a stimulant of the renal absorption of sodium ions and water. This leads to the increment of the blood volume. When the aldosterone level is reduced, it helps to increase the sodium secretion by Distal Convoluted Tubules.
Question 13
1 / -0

Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?

A
Renin

B
Atrial-natriuretic factor

C
Alcohol

D
Caffeine

Solution

A. Renin is involved in RAAS or Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System. Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells. It activates plasma protein angiotensin which is converted to angiotensin-I. Angiotensin-I is further converted to angiotensin-II which causes increased reabsorption of water and NaCl in the proximal convoluted tubule and this results in the formation of concentrated urine.
B. Atrial natriuretic factor works opposite to RAAS and inhibits renin secretion from juxtaglomerular cells. This inhibits NaCl and water reabsorption and results in the formation of diluted urine.
C. Alcohol suppresses the secretion of ADH or antidiuretic hormone. This results in inhibition of reabsorption of water in the distal convoluted tubule and results in the formation of diluted urine.
D. Caffeine acts as a diuretic and decreases water reabsorption from the nephrons and thus, more diluted urine is produced.
Hence, it's Renin that does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine instead produces concentrated urine.
So, the correct answer is 'Renin'.
Question 14
1 / -0

Which of the following glucose transporters is insulin-dependent?

A
GLUT I

B
GLUT II

C
GLUT III

D
GLUT IV

Solution

GLUT-IV glucose transporter is insulin-dependent and is responsible for most of the glucose transport into muscles and adipose cells in anabolic conditions. Whereas GLUT-I is insulin-independent and is widely distributed in different tissues.
So, the correct answer is 'GLUT IV'.
Question 15
1 / -0

Identify the hormone with its correct matching of source and function.

A
Oxytocin - posterior pituitary, growth and maintenance of mammary glands

B
Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleepwake cycle

C
Progesterone - corpus-luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs

D
Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall increases the blood pressure

Solution

Oxytocin, produced by posterior pituitary gland functions in parturition.
Melatonin regulates sleep and wake cycles and is secreted by ventricular walls. Melatonin is a hormone from the pineal gland that helps regulate biological rhythms such as sleep and wake cycles. In other words, it's melatonin that directs your internal clock - the one that allows you to wake up about the same time every morning without an alarm clock.
Progesterone secreted by corpus luteum is steroid hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis.
Atrial natriuretic factor is a powerful vasodilator and a protein hormone, secreted by heart muscle cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option B, 'Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleepwake cycle'.
Question 16
1 / -0

GnRH, a hypothalamic hormone, needed in reproduction, acts on.

A
Posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and relaxin

B
Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and oxytocin

C
Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH

D
Posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of Oxytocin and FSH

Solution

GnRH is a gonadotropin hormone that is released by the hypothalamus. It acts on the anterior pituitary and stimulates the secretion of the LH and FSH which further helps in the development of gonads.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 17
1 / -0

Changes in GnRH pulse frequency in females is controlled by circulating levels of

A
Estrogen and progesterone.

B
Estrogen and inhibin.

C
Progesterone only.

D
Progesterone and inhibin.
Solution
Correct option: A
Explanation:
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by the hypothalamus. It stimulates the pituitary gland to produce luteinizing hormone (LH) and, to a lesser extent, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
However, with depletion of follicular number, estrogen levels decrease with subsequent loss of negative feedback and resultant increases in GnRH secretion.
Progesterone also decreases GnRH secretion at the level of the hypothalamus.
Question 18
1 / -0

Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis?

A
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone

B
Aldosterone and prolactin

C
Parathyroid hormone and prolactin

D
Progesterone and aldosterone

Solution

Certain hormone controls the maintenance of the minerals in the bones. As ageing occurs, there is loss of the bone density which is due to loss of the minerals from the bones. This is especially due to loss of calcium ions which is controlled by estrogen and parathormone. These hormones regulate the level of calcium in the blood and the bones.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 19
1 / -0

A decrease in blood pressure/ volume will not cause the release of

A
ADH

B
Renin

C
Atrial Natriuretic Factor

D
Aldosterone
Solution
Correct option: C.
Explanation:
- Atrial natriuretic peptide/factor- its function is to lower the concentration of water and sodium in the circulatory system.
- It causes vasodilation and hence leads to a decrease in blood pressure.
- It is a 28 amino acid hormone secreted by the heart atria.
Hence, ‘Atrial natriuretic factor’ is the correct answer.
Question 20
1 / -0

In a child of 15 years age, plasma calcium level is diagnosed below optimum level, which organ is malfunctioning?

A
Thyroid gland

B
Liver

C
Parathyroid

D
Posterior lobe of pituitary

Solution

The condition of having low calcium levels in the blood serum is referred to as Hypocalcemia. Though mildly low levels which develop slowly may not show any symptoms. The common causes of this include hypoparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency. Hypoparathyroidism is the decreased function of parathyroid glands and underproduction of parathyroid hormone. it is the role of the parathormone to maintain the blood calcium levels. If a person is found to have low levels of calcium then it indicated abnormal parathormone production which could be due to malfunctioning of parathyroid hormone. Thus, the correct answer is C.

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Organ	Hormone
a) Kidney	i) angiotensin
b) Liver	ii) Erythropoietin
c) Gastro-intestinal Tract	iii) ANF
d) Heart	iv) CCK

Chemical Coordination and Integration Test -4

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test -4

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Question 1

Parathyroid hormone

Growth hormone

Thymosin and melatonin

Thyroid hormone

Solution

Question 2

a)-i, b)-ii, c)-iii, d)-iv

a)-i, b)-ii, c)-iv, d)-iii

a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iii, d)-iv

a)-ii, b)-i, c)-iv, d)-iii

Solution

Question 3

a)-iv, b)-ii, c)-i, d)-iii

a)-iii, b)-iv, c)-i, d)-ii

a)-iv, b)-iii, c)-ii, d)-i

a)-i, b)-iii, c)-iv, d)-ii

Solution

Question 4

Dopamine

Acetylcholine

Serotonin

Catecholamine

Solution

Question 5

stunted growth

normal intelligence

inhibited growth of long bones

mental retardation

Solution

Question 6

Statement ii) is wrong and i) is correct.

Statement ii) is correct and i) is wrong.

both are correct.

both are wrong.

Solution

Question 7

release of secondary oocyte from ovary.

formation of new ovarian follicles.

implantation of fertilized egg in the uterus.

all the above.

Solution

Question 8

nuclear receptors.

cell membrane bound receptors.

plasma proteins.

cytosolic receptors.

Solution

Question 9

Exopthalamic goitre

Acromegaly

Addison’s disease

Gigantism

Solution

Question 10

Thyroid and Parathyroid → derived from ectoderm

Adrenal medulla → derived from ectoderm

Gonads → derived from mesoderm

Adrenal cortex → derived from ectoderm

Solution

Question 11

Calcitonin

Prolactin

Adrenaline

Melatonin

Solution

Question 12

Increase in aldosterone levels

Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels

Decrease in aldosterone levels

None of the above

Solution