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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 61

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Chemical Coordination and Integration Test 61
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following act as both hormone and enzyme?
    Solution
    Rennin is a hormone secreted by kidney and serves to stimulate secretion of aldosterone from adrenal cortex and serve in regulation of blood pressure. Renin also serves as an enzyme and converts the plasma protein angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted in to angiotensin II. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase inactivates excess acetylcholine into its chemical components acetic acid and choline. ADH is hormone that regulates water reabsorption. Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Prostaglandins affect 
    Solution
    Most prostaglandins act locally; they are powerful as locally acting vasodilators. Vasodilation occurs when the muscles in the walls of blood vessels relax, so that the vessels dilate. This creates less resistance to blood flow and allows blood flow to increase and hence blood pressure to decrease. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Blood pressure'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Leydig cells are meant for 
    Solution
    Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which temporary endocrine gland forms in ovary after ovulation? 
    Solution
    The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in female mammals, that is involved in the production of progesterone and moderate levels of estradiol and inhibin. The corpus luteum develops from an ovarian follicle during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or oestrous cycle, following the release of a secondary oocyte from the follicle during ovulation. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Pheromones are secreted by 
    Solution
    In humans, pheromones are secreted onto our skin through the apocrine glands (sometimes called as human scent glands). These are similar to eccrine glands but the apocrine glands secrete a more oily substance. The apocrine glands are normally associated with hairy areas, such as armpits and the crotch area, and are also usually accompanied by eccrine glands, which help to disperse the pheromone secretions. Apocrine glands are activated at puberty, along with hair growth in the axillary (armpit) regions and crotch, which increase the surface area for pheromone dispersal. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is not a second messenger in hormone action?
    Solution
    Second messengers are the low molecular weight molecules that serve to transmit and amplify the signal of hormones.They can be hydrophobic, hydrophilic or gaseous molecules. Calcium serves as the secondary messenger for group II C hormones. cAMP serves as the secondary messenger for group II A hormones while cGMP serves as the secondary messenger for group II B hormones. Sodium does not serve as the secondary messenger for any hormone. So, the correct answer is A

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The "erythropoietin" hormone regulates 
    Solution
    Erythropoietin also known as EPO, is a glycoprotein hormone, that controls erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production. It is a cytokine (protein signaling molecule) for erythrocyte (red blood cell) precursors in the bone marrow.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Parathormone is secreted during 
    Solution
    Parathyroid hormone is mainly controlled by the negative feedback of calcium levels in the blood to the parathyroid glands. Low calcium levels in the blood stimulate the parathyroid hormone secretion, whereas high calcium levels in the blood prevent the release of parathyroid hormone. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In heart cells, which one serves as a second messenger, speeding up muscle cell contraction in response to adrenaline? 
    Solution
    There are many hormones which bind to receptors and then activate a pathway. This pathway uses second messengers like a cyclic form of adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Adrenaline is the hormone which uses cAMP as the secondary messenger that activates protein kinase which in turn activates phosphorylate kinase which forms more ATP and thus speed up the muscle contraction. 
    So, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Steroid hormone is derived from 
    Solution
    • Steroid hormones are a group of hormones, that belong to the class of chemical compounds known as steroids.
    • They are secreted by three steroid glands, the adrenal cortex, testes and ovaries, during pregnancy by the placenta. 
    • All steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol. 
    • They are transported through the bloodstream to the cells of various target organs, where they carry out the regulation of a wide range of physiological functions.
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