Plant Kingdom Test - 10

The main plant body of the bryophyte is haploid. It produces gametes, hence is called a gametophyte.

Roots in some genera of gymnosperms have fungal association in the form of mycorrhiza(Pinus).

The sporophytes bear sporangia that are subtended by leaf-like appendages called sporophylls.

The phenomenon of having two types of spores by the same plant is called heterospory. Male spores are small ( micro) and female spores are comparati

In sexual reproduction, the sex organs antheridia and archegonia are produced at the apex of the leafy shoots.

The bryophytes are divided into liverworts and mosses so they closely related to each other.

The sporophyte of moss is differentiated into three parts – foot, seta and capsule. The capsule in turn is differentiated into 3 regions a) apophysis- the sterile basal portion of capsule, it is in continuity with seta b) theca or body of capsule, which is the fertile region, and c) operculum the apical region of capsule .

Apophysis is rich in chloroplast and thus photosynthetic region of moss , it also provides nutrition to the developing sporangium . 
 

The spore of moss germinate to produce protonema. It is a creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous stage , which develops into secondary protonema as a lateral bud.This stage bears the sex organs.

 A Cryptogam is a plant  that reproduce by spores without flowers or seeds .Most of cryptogamous plants lacks vascular bundles i.e  xylem and phloem but some member of pteridophytes like Equisetum contain vascular bundle.

Ginkgo is a living fossil. This plant belongs to gymnosperms division. It is considered as one of the oldest plant known and still surviving in some part of wold.